Introduction of works
Nineteen Ancient Poems Bright Moon and He is a poem in the Eastern Han Dynasty. This poem highlights the nuanced psychological description, and there have been two interpretations of the theme of this poem: one is that the poem depicts the image of a wanderer who has lived in a foreign land for a long time, and by the bright moonlight, he is worried and sleepless at night; First, the poem depicts the image of a woman in a boudoir. She lives alone in an empty boudoir, worried and restless.
original work
The moon is so bright and clear.
Moon how bright, shine on my bed.
I can't sleep because of sadness, so I wander around with my clothes.
Although the guest is happy, it is better to turn back to ④ before it is too late.
Who should a person complain about the trouble of running away from home?
Lead ⑤ Back to the room, tears ⑤ Touch the skirt.
Annotation of works
1 Luo Chuangwei: Luo Zhang.
2 sleep: fall asleep.
3 clothes: Jude said "put on clothes" and "put on clothes". Take it. Take it.
(4) rotation; Go home. Spin, spin
⑤ Introduction: stretching the neck, which means "looking up and looking far".
6 dress: a "dress".
Translation of works
The bright moon is so bright that it illuminates my bed;
I was so sad that I couldn't sleep, so I put on my clothes and wandered around the house.
Although it is interesting to live away from home, it is better to go home as soon as possible;
Who should a person tell when he goes out full of sadness?
I can only stretch my neck and look into the distance, and my clothes are wet with tears before I go back to my room.
works appreciation
There have been two views on the theme of this poem:
Speaking of wanderers, he misses his hometown.
This poem is about the sadness of a wanderer leaving him. It depicts the image of a wanderer who has lived in a foreign land for a long time, worried and sleepless at night. The bright moon aroused his homesickness. The deeper people are, the quieter they are, and the bright moon thousands of miles away is the most likely to arouse travelers' thoughts. Xie Zhuang's "Moon Fu" said: "There is a bright moon in a thousand miles." Li Bai's "Silent Night Thinking" says: "The foot of the bed is bright, is there frost? . Looking up, I found that it was moonlight, sinking again, and I suddenly thought of home. " This is the same emotion for the protagonist in this unknown ancient poem. "Moon how bright, take care of my bed." He may be excited and grateful when he begins to see the bright moon. The silver light shone through the thin transparent account on the man lying in bed with his arms around him. However, it was already late at night, and he was tossing and turning, still not sleeping. It was not the bright moonlight that disturbed his sleep, but "I was too sad to sleep." He couldn't sleep, so he just "grabbed his clothes" and "got up" and "wandered around" indoors. In the Qing Dynasty, Zhu Jun commented that "the expression is wandering" (19 ancient poems). Indeed, a series of actions such as "looking at the moon", "insomnia", "pulling clothes", "getting up" and "wandering" indicate that he has been awake for a long time and really can't sleep; At the same time, it shows that his heart is deeply sad. In particular, the modality of "wandering" profoundly reveals the intensity of his inner pain.
The poem describes all kinds of situations of "being too sad to sleep", but why on earth are you "sad": "It is better to go home early than to travel." This is the key word of the whole poem, which makes the finishing point and points out the theme. Although these two sentences are straightforward, they are meaningful and intriguing. "Traveling as a guest" means "having fun", but it is better to come back early because it is not fun to be a guest in another country. As "Xiang Ruma's Journey to the Great Wall" said: "Dry mulberry knows the wind, and sea water knows the cold. The introduction is fascinating, and I have a good talk with whom. " The wanderer in a foreign land wants to return, which is closely related to its objective reality. In other words, the author of this poem is probably an unknown scholar in the Eastern Han Dynasty. In his time, he often rushed to Beijing for fame and fortune, but his career was blocked. These two poems are very true. Chen Ruoming in the Qing Dynasty put it well: "What's the pleasure of a guest trip? Therefore, people who talk about music are not as happy as returning to China, and the situation is unhappy! " Zhu Yun also said: "Let's think about the sufferings and joys of the guests, but don't mention the sufferings. Although Leyun is also a guest, it is happier to turn back early. " (Nineteen ancient poems) They express the bleak taste.
After the author points out this hopeless situation, the next four sentences, like the first four sentences, further show the deepest pain of the protagonist through his actions. As I wrote before, "I wander around in my clothes". I was still walking indoors, but I still couldn't get rid of boredom, so he went out. However, "wandering outside", in the middle of the night, he wandered alone under the moon like a sleepwalker, and a sense of loneliness came to his mind. "Who should I sue for sorrow?" What I feel is this "independence" and this "hesitation". The ancient Yuefu elegy said: "Elegy can be wept, but it can be returned to China from afar." So the poet couldn't help looking to his hometown of yunshu thousands of miles away, but he couldn't get the effect of "going back to China", which caused even greater disappointment. He really couldn't stand this emotional torture and went back indoors. From "going out of the house" to "entering the house", this entry pushed the troubled feelings in the wandering heart to a climax, and he couldn't help but "touch his clothes with tears" anymore.
Ten * * * sentences in the whole poem, except for the two sentences of "Guest Travel", describe extremely specific actions, and these actions are one after another, reaching a layer deep, and carefully depict the wandering mind's state of wanting to return, and the technique is very clever. In Qing Dynasty, Zhang Geng analyzed the psychological development level of the hero in his poems, saying, "He stayed awake because of' sadness', got up because of' sleeplessness', lingered because of' getting up', left home because of' wandering', hesitated because of leaving home, and kept going because of hesitation." (Interpretation of Ancient Poetry)
It is rare in ancient Chinese poetry that a short lyric poem can show such rich and complicated psychological activities in such a nuanced way. The great Russian writer Turgenev is good at psychological description, but his psychological description is mostly about the characters' psychology, which sometimes makes people feel boring and bored. This ancient poem, however, has no such problem. It is manifested through the self-awareness activities of characters and the actions induced by consciousness, and it has the image of literature. Moreover, the psychological and emotional integration of the characters is full of the characteristics of lyric poetry. This artistic experience deserves attention.
It is said that it is the generosity of a woman's boudoir.
This poem is about in my heart forever's parting from her troubles. It depicts the image of a boudoir woman who lives alone in an empty boudoir. She is worried and fidgety. His sadness was caused by the bright moon. "Thousands of miles away, the bright moon is in the sky" (Xie Zhuang's Yuefu). In the dead of night, when the loneliness is unbearable, the moonlight shines brightly on the bed. Originally, I was "too worried to sleep", but the moonlight reminded me of many feelings, so I had to put on my clothes and wander in the boudoir. In the first two couplets, a wandering orphan girl is vividly presented in the bright moon. Triple: "Although it is fun, it is better to go home early" is a woman's persuasion of "guests" wandering abroad, with complaints and expectations. This couplet reveals the theme of the whole poem. But hatred is hatred after all. Can he hear it at this moment? Can he come back? Who should I tell this full of sadness? Helpless, I had to wander around the yard alone and talk to the moon. The elegy of ancient Yuefu: "Elegy can be weeping, but it can be far from angelica." But the moon shines on my shadow, but it is hard to comfort my mood. The longer I look up, the more "sad" I have to go back to my house. The tears that I can't stop wet my clothes. The last two couplets are touching.
Author's textual research
Nineteen Ancient Poems, which first appeared in Selected Works, were compiled by children in the Southern Dynasties based on unknown ancient poems handed down from generation to generation. The editor collected these five-character poems that the author has been unable to verify, and named them the first of "miscellaneous poems", which later generations regarded as a group of poems.
There are different opinions about the author and age of Nineteen Ancient Poems. The bet on the topic of anthology of Zhao Ming's Miscellaneous Poems and Nineteen Ancient Poems once explained clearly: "Ancient poems are parallel, but the author is unknown."