First, stimulate interest and create an atmosphere. Teacher: Please think about this sentence, "Dear Mom and Dad". Where does this title usually appear? Under what circumstances?
Health 1: appears in letters.
Health 2: Appear in poetry reading.
S3: In the lyrics, none of Li Chunbo's songs begin with "Dear Mom and Dad". All beings laughed and applauded. )
Teacher: Very good, very good. Our classmates are all very clever. Indeed, such a kind name should have been associated with warm family letters, beautiful poems, parents' care and so on. However, have you thought about it? This immature call may also be a child's last cry to his parents. This beautiful title constitutes his last line of words left to the world. With the teacher's heavy words, the classroom began to be solemn and the air seemed dignified. The teacher paused for a moment on purpose. )
Teacher: I know it's hard for you to imagine what I said when you live in peacetime. But this is not a fictional movie story, but a real scene that happened in the long river of history. A kind female writer in China truly recorded this historical story. Today, let's relive the darkest scene in human history through the writer's words.
(Teacher writes on the blackboard, author. )
Second, reading the text, the overall perception
Teacher: Before reading the text, you should read the hints, see what the editor's intention is, and see what problems to think about. Ask a classmate to read the "reading tips" in front of the text to us first. (Read aloud all my life. )
Teacher: With these tips, we should pay attention to the author's mood and the pronunciation and intonation of the article when reading the text in the future. I believe that students can accurately convey the author's voice. We invited five students with good reading ability to read the quotation and four parts of the text respectively. Who has confidence in themselves? Raise your hands, please. (Five students read the full text in turn. )
Teacher: Thank you for your wonderful performance. Please observe and think carefully, and see how this text is different from other texts. Please express your opinions. (Students have a heated discussion in groups. )
Student 1: The text is divided into four parts. Not in the general text.
Student 2: There are quotations from poems and children at the end. And the font is different from other words.
S3: There is a famous saying in front of the text.
Teacher: The students found it very good. In fact, the writer Sartre's words quoted before the text are the quotations before the text, whose function is to introduce and introduce the full text and arouse our thinking. We might as well study the whole text from here.
Teacher: Please read this sentence of male students and let female students think: If you were asked to choose one of the most important words from this article, which one would you choose? (The boys all watched it. )
Girl 1: I choose "pain".
Girl 2: I choose "heavy".
Girl 3: I choose "beautiful".
Girl 4: I choose "Brave".
Girl 5: I choose cruelty.
Teacher: I think these words are very important. There seems to be an internal connection between them. Who can see it?
Student: Teacher, can it be understood that the writer Sartre left a "heavy memory" because of the "cruelty" and "pain" experience of the Yugoslav people, and it became a "beautiful memory" because of the "courage of the whole nation"? So it left me with both "heavy" and "beautiful" impressions.
Teacher: The question just asked was very good, and now the answer is more exciting. Only in this way can we understand what a heavy and beautiful memory is. We can further understand this problem by studying the following text. Please scan the text quickly and summarize the four parts in concise language.
(Students browse quickly. )
Health 1: The first part of the writers came to visit the grave.
Student 2: In the second part, the author watched performances such as recitation and chorus.
Health 3: The third part is the writer's discussion.
Health 4: The fourth part writes the last words left by the slaughtered people.
Teacher: You summed it up very well. What are the clues of the full text?
Health 5: The whereabouts of the author. The author first visited the graves of the murdered children, then watched the memorial performance, then had a discussion with writers from all over the world, and finally witnessed the suicide notes of those people.
Teacher: Yes, the last part should be a close-up of the writer's visit to the memorial hall. Through four parts, the writer describes the mourning activities he participated in 47 years after the incident, so as to reproduce the cruel history of half a century ago and reflect on the inhumanity of fascism. So why does the author describe the whole activity in this order? How do writers freely shuttle between history and reality?
Health 6: I think that when writers visit children's cemeteries and local people hold various commemorative activities, they are all reviewing history, while writers' discussion is to face reality, guide the future and express the common desire of people all over the world calling for peace.
Teacher: Ah, he not only saw the connection between history and reality, but also saw the guiding role of the article in the future. Such a profound understanding must be based on careful reading. I hope that each of us will try our best to understand and gain something.
Iii. Local Exploration and Research Part I
Teacher: Let's travel through just visiting and see what happened 47 years before the author wrote, which shocked people all over the world, so that now local people hold various mourning activities every year. Please read the first part of the text aloud all your life.
Points. )
Health 1: 300 children were killed by Nazis.
Health 2: They not only kill children, but also ordinary citizens. More than seven thousand people were killed in one day.
Teacher: These can be said to be heavy memories. So, do you have any good memories?
Student 1: The teacher who refused to cooperate with the Nazis died heroically, and he left people with good memories.
Health 2: The last cry of the child-Dear Mom and Dad is also beautiful.
Health 3: It's a good memory to have two survivors alive.
Teacher: The indomitable spirit of these people really gave us good memories. It is by reviewing this history that the writer hopes that people will remember it, thus inspiring people's love for peace and cherishing our happy life today. In order to reproduce history better, the author uses many meaningful sentences. We try to find one or two such sentences in the first part and appreciate their functions.
Health 4: I think the first sentence is well written. It only used four words-"bleak wind", "bitter rain", "dark sky" and "dark land" to write the weather at that time and render the sad atmosphere. Teacher: That makes sense. So, when reading this sentence,
Be sure to slow down and read this sadness and sadness.
Health 5: I think the teacher said "give the child the last lesson" is very meaningful. The "last lesson" here reminds me of the last lesson that Mr. Hamel gave to the little dharma. And this teacher would rather die than surrender, giving his students the last lesson of patriotism.
Teacher: Lenovo is rich. He has read his own unique experience. This is high-quality reading. We applauded him.
Health 6: I watched the exercises after class, and there was a question in it. I asked the eighth paragraph, "They killed children, teachers, priests, workers, carpenters, shopkeepers and shoemakers, all simple and hardworking ordinary citizens." I think this is also what the author wants to emphasize that these killed people should not be killed, which is also meaningful.
Teacher: Your analysis is correct. The more the author emphasizes the innocence of the victims, the more he can reflect the cruelty of Nazis and fascists, and the more he can reflect the theme of the article. This is the charm of language.
Fourth, assign homework and expand learning.
Teacher: I think you have a preliminary understanding of the evils of war through the study of this class. After class, students are invited to expand their study around the theme of "War and Peace". They can watch movies and TV works on the theme of war, look for ancient poems describing war, and collect idioms and famous sayings about war, so as to deepen our understanding of war and cherish peace.
Second lesson
First of all, review the old knowledge, connect and introduce.
The teacher first asked a student to write down the title and author of the text learned in the last lesson on the blackboard, and then asked a student to answer the theme of the text orally. Let students write on the blackboard, which can not only deepen the impression, but also take the opportunity to correct some wrong writing habits, such as the order of strokes. )
Second, reading experience and interactive communication
Teacher: This is an article with the theme of peace. According to a series of commemorative activities attended by the author, the text is divided into four parts. We have learned the first part. The first part describes what the author saw and heard when he came to the cemetery. Now let's learn the second part. The second part is for male students to read, and the quoted poems are for female students to read. (Students read the text. )
Teacher: The second part describes the writer's participation in recitation, chorus and other performances. One sentence highly summarizes the significance of this activity. Please find out.
Health 1 ":People are forgetful. "
Teacher: Then, since "people are forgetful", why do Yugoslavs hold commemorative activities every year? What kind of picture do these commemorative activities constitute?
Health 2 ":History and reality merge in the rain-into a sad and beautiful, true and absurd picture. "
Teacher: Good, this sentence plays a very important role in the whole second part. Equivalent to the central sentence. Please think about it. History and reality, sadness and beauty, truth and absurdity are three groups of words with opposite meanings. How to unify them into one and how to understand them?
Health 3: History refers to the fact that the Yugoslav people were massacred. Reality refers to the immediate commemorative activities. The two are now one.
Health 4: Sadness means that people feel sad when they hold commemorative activities; Beauty means
Teacher: People must be sad when they hold commemorative activities, but what is the main source of this sadness?
Health 4: Sadness is due to tragic events in history.
Teacher: Yes, the cruel history is sad, but the beauty is that thousands of people come here to commemorate the dead. This is so beautiful. Sorrow and beauty blend together. How to understand truth and absurdity?
Health 5: Historical events are real, but today's commemoration is absurd.
Teacher: Really? Historical events are real. Isn't today's commemoration true? Whether it is a crime in history or a commemoration today, it is true. Today's commemoration must not be considered absurd. So, what's ridiculous about this historical event? (Students think in silence. )
Teacher: The most ridiculous factor in this historical event is that the Nazis killed innocent Yugoslav people, including even 300 children. Innocent murder, this is the most ridiculous!
Teacher: What does the author want to express by quoting the poem of Yugoslav poetess Desanka?
Health 6: The child was killed soon.
Teacher: You are right, but what is this point for?
Health 6: Express "children's longing for the future, joy in life, fear of death, and call for their loved ones".
Teacher: Good. You read it very carefully. In fact, the author has told us in the article. The author uses these poems to express children's longing for the future and joy in life. The more the author praises the child's loveliness and hope, the more he accuses the Nazis of their crimes.
Teacher: What do Serbs express with such commemorative activities?
Health 7: express your sense of history: no hatred, no anger; Only sadness, only memory, only warning-there will be no more wars and massacres in the world.
Teacher: This is also the theme of this article. I hope that war will be eliminated in the world and peace will last forever. What does the author relate this to?
Health 7: Nanjing Massacre.
Teacher: There are striking similarities between these two historical events. The author finally said: "People are forgetful. No grudges, that's right. However, we must not forget. " What cannot be forgotten?
Health 8: We can't forget history, nor can we forget its lessons.
Teacher: That's good. People, no matter how forgetful, can't forget history. Only by remembering history and learning from it can we ensure that such a tragedy will never be repeated in the world.
Teacher: The second part of the article is mainly about reviewing history, and the third part is about facing reality. Read this part first. The teacher assigned several students to read aloud. )
Teacher: There is a sentence in this part that explains the transition from history to reality. Who noticed? (The students raised their hands enthusiastically. )
Health 1: "History is heavy. What about reality? "
Teacher: Yes, that's right. The third part of the article is the scene of the writer attending the forum. More than 60 writers from all over the world were invited to participate in the activities commemorating the Yugoslav people's 1988 Krakuyeva incident, and the writers discussed the topic of "exile and literature". How many writers' speeches are written in the article? (After discussion, it is clear: 4 countries. United States, China
China, West Germany and Japan. )
Teacher: When writing an American writer Angel, the author quoted one of his poems-"Black is too bright here". How to understand this poem?
Health 2: Black is to commemorate the dead, indicating that many people died.
Teacher: Very good idea. What do you mean "here"?
Health 2: Yugoslavia.