What does peace mean in Tang and Song Dynasties?

Question 1: What was the meaning of peace in the Tang and Song Dynasties?

Question 2: Who is Taiping in the sentence "Zhou Yu Xiaoqiao, Tang and Song Taiping"? "Qing Bi He" is the common language of official documents when drafting imperial edicts in Tang and Song Dynasties. It should mean caring for courtiers and welcoming peace.

That's one of the fixed formats of applied writing. Many imperial edicts in Tang and Song Dynasties have this sentence.

Copy system of official documents in Tang and Song Dynasties (1). (1) there are no vicious words in Hanlin's manuscript, and no white paper is allowed after the manuscript is signed. (2) Summoning officials into the palace: only the official position and name of the summoned person are allowed, why not. (3) To reply to the Foreign Minister's performance report: the text begins with' Qing' and says' Therefore, it is a secret imperial edict'. 4 To Kings: The first text has a' king'. ⑤ To Silla, Bohai and other kings: The first part of the text is' the king of a country', and the last part is' Qing wins peace'. ⑥ To provincial generals: The title of general is given at the beginning of the article. ……

Question 3: Who was Taiping in the Tang and Song Dynasties? 1. means inner peace.

Did everything wrong? Jie Lao ":"People who have no wisdom and ignorance have the tendency to give up on themselves; Calm and peaceful, I don't know the origin of misfortune. "

"The Newspeak? The symbol of "thoughtless and unreasonable" in literature is Liang Liuxiao of the Southern Dynasties: "

There are six dreams in Zhou Li: one is to dream correctly, which means to be unmoved and dream safely. "

Lu Xun's Wild Grass? Hope: "However, my heart is peaceful: no love, no sadness, no color, no sound."

Lao She's Black and White Plum: "With a little gadget, such as pasting old books, he can sell it safely for half a day."

2. No accidents; There is no danger; Smooth and safe.

Don? Cen Can's poem "On welcoming the emissary to Beijing": "There is no pen and paper when we meet, and there is news for you when we report peace."

Ming? Li Yongzhou's poem "Looking at the Moon in Travel": "If you want to send a few lines of letters, there is nowhere to send them."

Wen Yiduo's Death of Li Bai: "Look at that full moon still stuck in the sky safely."

Question 4: Does anyone know what Xiao Qiao's Peace was written by Zhou Yu in the Tang and Song Dynasties? It means "Qing Bi He", which is a general term for official documents drafted in the Tang and Song Dynasties. It should mean caring for courtiers and welcoming peace.

That's one of the fixed formats of applied writing. Many imperial edicts in Tang and Song Dynasties have this sentence.

Question 5: Translation of classical Chinese. What does Song Shenzong mean by saying that Qing is better than peace? This sentence "Qing is not as safe as peace" is the common language of official documents drafting imperial edicts in Tang and Song Dynasties. It should mean caring for courtiers and welcoming peace.

That's one of the fixed formats of applied writing. Many imperial edicts in Tang and Song Dynasties have this sentence.

Tang Xianzong

Shang Cui, who presented Chen Xian to the provincial capital, learned that his position was in San Francisco and sincerely saved money to supplement it. This is based on the moral purpose, taking the source of physical chemistry as an example, and using it to study mysteries. Speaking of reading, Jia sighed deeply. It's cool in autumn, and it's not as good as peace, and it's not enough to send books, (29).

○ Zhang Xinluo Xi Zhongshu

Silla Wang Jinxi: Jin and the monk have arrived, and those who have contributed to the province and the outside world, those who have contributed, and those who thank them are well aware. The Qing dynasty was a noble, tired of Ye Xiongcai, loyal and filial, and loyal to the country. In Japan, I admire Huafeng, study in Yehe and work in Ningtai, a frontier area. When I am in a bad situation, I pay tribute to my post. At the age of 20, give me a sincere seal, give me a treasure, be loyal and diligent: achieve merit, pay tribute, and thank Chen. Canglang Wan Li, although separated by the sea; Dan is a single-minded man, and he shirks his responsibilities every time. In order to admire this, it is often a sleep, and it is always good to use it. Nowadays, Kim and others have been sent back to China, leaving few souvenirs. They are on record. Your mother, Princess and Vice Premier Wang have their own merits and will be published soon. It's not as safe as cold in winter, and your mother is as good as a proclamation. Officials, soldiers, people, monks, Taoists and other families ask questions, and it is of little significance to send books.

Question 6: Introduce yourself briefly and poetically with Zhou Yuxin. For example, Joan Zhou Yuxin, Xiao Qiao and Ping An in the Tang and Song Dynasties "Qing is better than Ping An" is the general term for the official documents that drafted imperial edicts in the Tang and Song Dynasties. It should mean caring for courtiers and welcoming peace.

That's one of the fixed formats of applied writing. Many imperial edicts in Tang and Song Dynasties have this sentence.

Question 7: What's the difference between Tang poetry and Song poetry? The Tang Dynasty is a golden age in the history of China's poetry development, with eternal charm. But as far as Tang poetry is concerned, it seems that the former is far less than the latter in general academic history. 1. The Tang and Song Dynasties were similar, but in terms of the founding of the country, Tang Yuan was superior to Song Dynasty. The Tang Dynasty was strong in national strength, rich in material resources, and its voice spread far and wide. Emperor Taizong was even called "Tiankhan". In the Song Dynasty, however, it was defeated by the Five Dynasties, its national strength was weak, and it was harassed and invaded by Liao, Jin and Xixia, and its national power was declining. It is the different national strength foundation of Tang and Song Dynasties that created the different life styles and spiritual temperament of intellectuals in Tang and Song Dynasties. Intellectuals in the Tang Dynasty showed the brilliance of natural life with their strong national strength and rich material conditions. The intellectuals in the Song Dynasty, under the condition of weak national strength and tolerant social customs [2], fully explored the aura of rational life and showed their noble personality life. About these two different situations. In the words of Mou Zongsan, the life spirit of people in the Tang Dynasty is a kind of comprehensive exhaustion spirit, that is, its spirit is to obey the principle of intensity of natural life, so that natural life is rich and not stagnant [3]. Although people in the Tang Dynasty abided by the principle of natural life intensity, "if you can do your best, some people will unconsciously take shortcuts." . The' natural force' in its failure also contains spirit, not pure matter "[4]. Therefore, on the whole, people in the Tang Dynasty also showed a healthy and progressive spirit, especially among intellectuals. "Mochow has no bosom friend in the road ahead, and no one in the world knows the monarch" (Gao Shi: Biedongda), "There is no pen and paper at once when we meet, and I will report that you are safe" ("Cen Can: on meeting the emissary of the capital"), and "Being drunk on the battlefield, you don't laugh, and you have fought several wars since ancient times" ("William Wang: Liangzhou Ci") are all manifestations of this spirit. However, this healthy and uplifting spirit stays in a subjective state and can never be objectified and become a norm. So this spirit of gas consumption, after consumption, can't be lifted, degenerated into pure materialized gas, and a large number of ministers represented by Li and Li Deyu were born. What's more, when the Tang Dynasty perished, no minister was completely incorruptible. 3. The theory of mind and nature in Song Dynasty, making full use of moral personality, was explained to the table. It can be said that the Tang Dynasty was dominated by its natural life for nearly 300 years. The more than 300 years of the Song Dynasty depended on the tenacity of rational life. Because of this, the situation at that time was very different from that when Tang Chaolang and Song Dynasty exhausted all resources. Song Shi? Loyalty and righteousness said: "In the change of Jingkang, people with lofty ideals voted for you, and they were diligent and indomitable in the face of difficulties. Song Wu, loyalty and festival are opposite, and the lesson can be read. It can be seen that, influenced by the Confucian school of mind and nature in Song Dynasty, poets in Song Dynasty are more diligent in self-cultivation than poets in Tang Dynasty, and they are more serious and rational in their life. Although they didn't do as much as Song in their studies, they naturally returned to self-cultivation from strict life. Therefore, Lu Fangweng said, "The ancients had no knowledge, and it took time to grow old when they were young. I feel that I know nothing on paper. " ("Stone Manuscripts" Volume 42). It can be said that the "learning" and "cultivation" of poets in Song Dynasty are all related to the connotation of the study of mind and nature, not just the extensive knowledge of poets in Tang Dynasty. From the different "learning" and "cultivation" of Tang and Song poets, we can see their respective poems or poetics. The contribution of the direct auxiliary wing was not built in a day. "The seven words' built in one day' show the social atmosphere and literati's cultivation in the Song Dynasty. Because the "learning" and "nurturing" of poets in the Tang Dynasty are external, most of their poems stay in the description of the phenomenon world and the expression of the emotional world. These two expressions belong to imitation in creative methods, but the former is imitation of facts or events, and the latter is imitation of feelings or emotions [6]. As far as the former is concerned, Du Fu's Three Officials, Three Farewells and Bai Juyi's Irony Poems are its typical representatives. Originally, praising people's hardships and social misery was a manifestation of compassion, but it could not be further gathered, and "punishing the death of traitors, emitting the light of hidden virtues", testing sages and philosophers, and explaining David Zhang's cultural relics, so as to see the popularization of heaven's righteousness and make great contributions to the world for thousands of years. However, his songs can not be separated from one generation, and his materials can not be separated from another generation, so that his articles are inevitably based on historical facts, and his artistic conception can never be broadened. six

The poets in the Tang Dynasty did not explore the depth of poetic expression from their own cultivation, but only sought the breadth of poetic expression from extensive knowledge, which made their poems completely phenomenal and flat. Although it also has a majestic side, it is completely driven by the gas and strength of natural life, and it can endure the merits of a moment, but not others ... >>

Question 8: Differences in architectural styles between Tang and Song Dynasties. First, the scale is grand and the planning is rigorous. Chang 'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty, was originally planned and built by the Sui Dynasty, but it was expanded after the inheritance of the Tang Dynasty and became the largest and most prosperous city in the world at that time. The planning of Chang 'an City was the most rigorous in China's ancient metropolis (see the chapter on urban construction for details), and it even affected Tokyo, Bohai, Heichengjing (now Nara) and Ping 'an (now Beijing). The Daming Palace in Chang 'an in the Tang Dynasty was also large in scale, and the scope of the site was equivalent to more than three times the total area of the Qingming Palace. Other buildings, such as government buildings and government office buildings, are spacious and spacious, which is beyond the reach of any feudal dynasty.

Second, the treatment of buildings is becoming more and more mature. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, not only the overall urban planning was strengthened, but also buildings such as palaces and tombs emphasized the spatial combination of the main buildings and the vertical foil technique. This technology is the origin of the layout of palaces and tombs in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Third, the wooden structure building has solved a large area and a large number of technical problems and has been finalized. Linde Hall of Daming Palace, covering an area of 5,000 square meters, is arranged with columns and grids, with width 1 1 and depth 17. Stereotype reflects the progress of construction management level, accelerates the construction speed and promotes the architectural design.

Fourth, the improvement of design and construction level. The technicians who master the design and construction are "widely expected" and are skilled in professional technology, specializing in the design and on-site command of public and private houses, and make a living from this.

Fifthly, there has been further development of masonry buildings. Mainly because of the increase in masonry used in pagodas. At present, all the Tang pagodas preserved in China are brick pagodas.

Sixth: the truth and maturity of architectural art processing. The architectural style of the Tang Dynasty is characterized by grandeur, neatness and liveliness. The existing wooden building materials reflect the unity of architectural art processing and structure in Tang Dynasty. The structure of the bucket arch, the image of the column and the treatment of the beam all make people feel the internal relationship between the stress state and the image of the component itself, and achieve the unity of strength and beauty. Simple and bright colors, flat roofs and unpretentious doors and windows give people a solemn and generous impression, which is not easy to find in the architecture of Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Song dynasty architecture

Zhengding longxing temple in North China is an important example of the overall layout of existing Buddhist temples in the Song Dynasty. There is a rectangular courtyard in the mountain gate, with bell tower and drum tower on the left and right. The six halls in Daigakuji in the middle have been destroyed, but there are still sites. The Mani Palace in the north, the left and right halls, form another longitudinal courtyard, and then enter the second door in the north, which is the main building, that is, the Buddha Pavilion, the Lunzang Hall and the Cishi Pavilion in the front and west, which, together with other minor buildings and pavilions, is the grand spatial combination of the whole Buddhist temple complex. There is also a Tommy Hall behind the temple. Both Foxiang Pavilion and Tomi Hall adopt the system of juxtaposition of three halls. The buildings of the whole temple are arranged in depth according to the central axis. From the outside to the inside, the halls overlap, the courtyards change, the heights are scattered, and the priorities are clear.

The Buddha Pavilion is about 33 meters high, with three floors and a rest peak. The upper two floors are double eaves and have an equal seat. 1940 or so. There are 40 second-hand Guanyin statues in the pavilion, which are 24 meters high. They were cast when the pavilion was built in the fourth year of Kaibao in the Northern Song Dynasty (97 1). They are the largest bronze statues in China today. The Runwheel Hall and Cishi Pavilion are both on the second floor, with double eaves resting on the top of the mountain. Same size, but different structure. The rest of the temples in the temple are single-storey. This layout with the high pavilion as the center of the whole temple reflects the characteristics that the main buildings have to develop into multi-storey buildings since the middle of the Tang Dynasty, and the number of secondary buildings has also increased. Mani Palace was built in the fourth year of the Northern Song Dynasty (1052). Its temple base is almost square, surrounded by buildings. The temple is surrounded by thick walls, and only the front of Baoxia has doors and windows open. This temple has a unique appearance, with double eaves resting on the top of the mountain and a treasure box resting on the top of the mountain, facing the mountain, which is very similar to the paintings handed down from the Song Dynasty.

Dule Temple in Jixian County, Hebei Province was rebuilt in the second year of Liao Dynasty (984). The existing Shanmen and Guanyin Pavilion are the original objects of Liao Dynasty. At first, there was a cloister between them, but now they don't exist. The gate is three rooms wide, with a single eaves and a roof. Low platform, fighting? Hey? The eaves are far-reaching, and there is no smallpox in them. ⒂ ⒘𖸘𖸘𖸘? It can be seen that the decorative effect is remarkable. Guanyin pavilion is three stories high, but it has only two floors in appearance, with a dark layer in the middle. In the pavilion, there is a statue of the 11th Guanyin in Liao Dynasty, which is16m high and is the largest existing statue in ancient China. The statue goes straight to the third floor, and there is an empty well in the pavilion to accommodate the statue. The hidden building between the upper and lower floors of the pavilion is the space occupied by the plane structure and the lower eaves. The upper and lower columns are not directly connected, but the upper column is inserted in the lower column head barrel? Is it an aunt? Make. "The shapes of the empty wells on the upper and lower floors are different, which helps to prevent the deformation of the frame of the empty well and strengthen the rigidity of the whole pavilion structure, and the empty well is the space for accommodating the Buddha statue, thus achieving the unity of structure and function. Another >>