Among Bai Pu's existing Sanqu works, there are four poems named Tianjingsha, with the themes of "Spring", "Summer", "Autumn" and "Winter" respectively, which are grouped together.
Topic: Tianjingsha? spring
Creation year: late Jin Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty
Author name: Bai Pu.
Genre of works: Sanqu? Short tone poem
Gongdiao Name: Yuediao
Name of Qupai: Tianjingsha
original text
Tianjingsha? spring
Warm days and breezes in the mountains in spring,
Dry pavilions and curtains.
Willow swings the courtyard.
Singing warblers and dancing, the bridge is red with flowing water.
Annotation translation
[Notes]
Breeze: refers to spring breeze.
Fast red: petals flying, refers to falling flowers. [
[translation]
The mountains are green, the sun is warm and the warm spring breeze is blowing. On the pavilion, the girl leaned against the railing and looked out, and the curtains were rolled up high. In the yard, willows are swaying gently. Outside the yard, Chun Yan and oriole are dancing, and the stream is gurgling under the bridge. [3]
works appreciation
This "clear sand"? In spring, use painting skills to describe the scenery of spring from different spatial levels. Specifically, the first sentence "Spring Mountain" constitutes the background of the whole picture, which is a distant view, the second sentence "Close shot" is the foothold of the characters, and the third sentence "Noisy scene in the yard" shows a picture full of vitality and spring, which is the middle shot. The two adjectives that best reflect the characteristics of spring are warm warblers, while the scenery that best reflects the vitality of the courtyard is dancing swallows and flying red.
The character of this song should be a woman. She stood by the railing, under the curtain, peeping at the spring scenery. In her eyes, spring is more charming.
Topic: Tianjingsha? summer
Creation year: late Jin Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty
Author name: Bai Pu.
Genre of works: Sanqu? Short tone poem
Gongdiao Name: Yuediao
Name of Qupai: Tianjingsha
original text
Tianjingsha? summer
Clouds receive rain and waves to add,
High-rise water-cooled melons are sweet,
Trees are shaded and eaves are painted.
In the mosquito net in the tent, there is a girl, wearing thin silk and holding Fan Luo, quietly enjoying the pleasant summer time. [ 1]
works appreciation
The author chose a unique angle: sketching out a peaceful summer picture. The first three sentences are the first level: clouds receive rain, flowing water adds waves, after the rain clears, the building appears taller than usual, the water exudes a cool breath, the melons after the rain seem sweeter than usual, and the shade of green trees hangs down to the eaves of the painting. The last two sentences are the second level, and characters appear on the screen: a young girl, wearing a light silk summer dress and holding Fan Luo, quietly enjoying a pleasant time on the rattan chair in the tulle tent. The whole poem does not have the familiar characteristics of hot and noisy summer, but depicts a quiet and refreshing scene, which makes people relaxed and happy.
The creation of this special realm is due to the author's artistic skills. Its characteristics are: first of all, lead washing, and they are all drawn with lines, as simple and clear as line drawing. Secondly, the author deliberately chooses a certain time after the rain to turn the restless characteristics of summer into a static state: the clouds gather and the rain falls, and the shade hangs low, giving people a refreshing, quiet and leisurely feeling. Third, with Bai Pu's "Sand Clearing? Like spring, this poem can also be described from the perspective of the woman upstairs. However, in "Tianjingsha? In "Spring", the author focuses on the vision and hearing of the "characters" in the work, and this passage highlights an emotional experience. "A melon is cold in a tall building" is the unique feeling in this specific situation.
Name of the work: Yue Diao Tian Jing Sha? autumn
Creation year: late Jin Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty
Author name: Bai Pu.
Literary genre: Sanqu? Short tone poem
Gongdiao Name: Yuediao
Name of Qupai: Tianjingsha
original text
Tianjingsha? autumn
Sunset in a lonely village,
Western jackdaw in the west, old trees with light smoke,
A small flying shadow.
Green mountains and green waters,
White grass, red leaves and yellow flowers.
Annotation translation
[Notes]
Tianjingsha: the name of the tune.
Sunset: Sunset.
Western Western jackdaw: Crows returning to the forest in cold weather.
In the shadow of Hong Fei: The shadow of a goose passes by.
[translation]
The sun has gradually set in the west, and the sunset glow on the horizon has gradually begun to dissipate, leaving only a few dim colors, reflecting how lonely and lonely the quiet village in the distance is, dragging out the long shadow. The smoke drifted faintly, and several black crows perched on the rickety old tree, making a few mournful noises from time to time. In the setting of the sunset glow, the feathers of the whole body sparkled. Suddenly, a wild goose flew down in the distance and crossed the sky. Looking from a distance along it, the scenery is beautiful; Close up, frost grass, flaming maple leaves and golden chrysanthemums are swaying together in the wind, and the colors are almost enchanting.
works appreciation
Bai Pu's poem Jing Tian Sand? Autumn and Ma Zhiyuan's Clear Sand? Qiu Si has similarities in writing style and artistic conception. Although the title of this song is "Autumn" and it is written in autumn, I can't find a word "Autumn". At the beginning of this song, a picture of autumn dusk is painted, creating a quiet and lonely atmosphere. Then, in the form of noun juxtaposition, typical autumn scenery is selected to describe a colorful Qiu Jingtu from far to near. At this point, autumn scenery in front of readers has changed from bleak and lonely to beautiful. This song has only twenty-eight words, but its language is concise and beautiful, with far-reaching significance. This song expresses the author's positive, optimistic and cheerful attitude towards life. It is really the so-called "don't be happy with things, don't be sad for yourself" (Fan Zhongyan's Yueyang Tower).
Bai Pu took autumn scenery as the theme of this song, and readers can see from his rhetoric that his literary accomplishment is extremely high. The whole work consists of some beautiful natural scenes, and Bai Pu himself, like an artist with these natural puzzles, pieced together a beautiful picture of life in harmony.
When writing autumn scenery, it is inevitable to set off a bleak atmosphere, but if the bleak atmosphere is the theme of the whole article, it will make readers feel dull and stressed. In order to avoid this situation, Bai Pu took great pains in choosing words. In the first two sentences, "Sunset in a lonely village, Western jackdaw in the west of an old tree with light smoke", six pictures of "Lonely village, sunset, sunset, light smoke, old tree and Western jackdaw in the west" are used, and any one of them represents the bleak atmosphere of autumn scenery in autumn. In order to make this bleak atmosphere vivid, the author chose Flying in the Shadow as the end of the first half. As a result, the bleak picture turned to be active, and the lonely autumn scenery seemed to present another vivid life. Finally, in order to strengthen the beautiful and charming image of autumn scenery in the author's mind, "Green mountains and green waters, white grass, red leaves and yellow flowers" is the conclusion of the song. These two sentences use five colors: green, white, red and yellow. White grass, red leaves and yellow flowers are mixed in the two colors of green mountains and green waters. "Green mountains and green waters" is a vast picture scroll, and "white grass, red leaves and yellow flowers" is a delicate picture scroll, which is so patchy that autumn scenery, which was originally lonely and bleak, suddenly becomes colorful. Thus, Bai Pu's prose writing skills are brilliant.
The Qiu Jingtu depicted in this song consists of two parts: the front part is autumn scenery, a bleak, bleak and barren old age, and the back part is a colorful, bright and energetic scene. Before and after the picture is also autumn scenery, forming a strong contrast. If we contact Bai Pu's unwillingness to be an official in the Yuan Dynasty, it is not difficult for readers to understand why the same autumn scenery has such a huge contrast. The "small" in the picture is a sentence in Li Bai's "Send eighteen pictures of Pei to Songshan Mountain in the South": "Raise your hand and point, it is difficult to talk." Hong Fei in Sooner or later, Shui Ying has a clear source has the same effect, which are all metaphors of the author himself. Bai Pu doesn't want to get a job in the imperial court, but hopes to fly away from that bleak, cold and lifeless place like a swan, and find a happy land full of vitality. Therefore, the land of "green mountains and green waters, white grass, red leaves and yellow flowers" in the shadow can be understood by readers as the author's seclusion and the scene in his heart. The artistic conception is cheerful and peaceful, without negative feelings, which shows the author's love for seclusion and should belong to imaginative writing. In this piece of music, the author put "the scene in my heart" together with the real environment at that time in a very clever way, which produced a strong contrast effect and implicitly revealed his love and hate.
Although this song and Ma Zhiyuan's "Clear Sand? Qiu Si has similarities, but it also has its own characteristics. The first two sentences are based on Lonely Village, deliberately rendering the cold silence of autumn dusk. "A Little Hong Fei" brings vitality to the cold static picture, which causes the emotional transfer of the song. Then the poet described the beautiful autumn scenery in five colors: blue, green, white, red and yellow, from far to near, from high to low, multi-level and multi-faceted, which made the whole picture full of poetry. This song is full of artistic tension. It successfully combines the bleak scenery of autumn with the bright and gorgeous scenery, and takes the pleasing autumn scenery as the main theme of the song. It is another masterpiece of writing autumn.
Words and songs can be divided into refined and popular. Generally speaking, words are charming and implicit, while inflections are sharp, new and straightforward. Bai Pu's poems have the artistic conception of words. Although there is no such sentence as "heartbroken people are at the end of the world" in the song, the lyric hero is hidden from time to time, conveying a kind of loneliness and faint sadness in the hazy haze.
Topic: Tianjingsha? winter
Creation year: late Jin Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty
Author name: Bai Pu.
Genre of works: Sanqu? Short tone poem
Gongdiao Name: Yuediao
Name of Qupai: Tianjingsha
original text
Tianjingsha? winter
With a loud door painting,
Half-court crescent dusk,
Waterfront in front of snow-capped mountains.
Bamboo fence hut,
A lonely village with weak smoke and grass.
Annotation translation
[Notes]
Tianjingsha: the name of Qupai, entering the Yuediao.
Bridge Gate: A promising city gate.
[translation]
One winter evening, the city gate rang gently, a crescent moon hung in the air, and the water in front of the snowy mountain was slow. The bamboo fence and the hut in the fence are quiet and harmonious in this remote village.
works appreciation
This poem uses traditional poetic techniques and forms the artistic conception of the poem. Wang Fuzhi said: "Love and scenery are two names, but they are inseparable. God is infinite to poets. " Bai Pu's poems, between emotion and scenery, pursue the realm of "infinite harmony".
This song chooses a suburb at dusk as a specific environment to describe the winter scenery. At dusk in Leng Yue, the waterfront of snow-capped mountains is already chilly; The faint smoke and withered grass, the lonely hut, is also lonely and cold, and it is also a cold corner of the door, which adds a little sadness and the air is filled with loneliness and helplessness. And "Tianjingsha? It's similar in autumn. First, they all describe the scenery word for word, and do not directly express and state the author's feelings. The emotional implication of the work is revealed and embodied in the description of the scenery. Secondly, they all form a distinctive picture through a group of images of natural scenery. In addition, the emotion expressed by this piece of music is not the emotion of a specific content at a certain time, but a mood, a state of mind and an inner state. In chronological order, "Tianjingsha? Autumn is about the sunset, and this picture is about the sunset disappearing behind the mountain and the new moon appearing in the sky. From "autumn" to "winter", from "love" to "scenery", from desolation and desolation to sad and hopeless loneliness. People may understand the four poems in Tianjingsha as not only descriptions of seasonal changes, but also the development of emotions and life experiences, from cheerful and bright to sparse and lonely. In this way, these four tunes constitute the whole of internal emotional connection.