The spring scenery of Jinjiang River comes to heaven and earth, and the floating clouds of jade barrier change the past and present. ——Du Fu, Tang Dynasty, "Climbing the Tower" The spring scenery of Jinjiang River comes to heaven and earth, and the floating clouds of jade barrier change the past and present. Flowers close to high-rise buildings hurt the hearts of guests. It is difficult to climb here in all directions.
The spring scenery of Jinjiang River comes to heaven and earth, and the floating clouds of jade barrier change from ancient to modern times.
The North Pole court will never change, and the Xishan bandits will not invade each other.
The poor queen returned to the temple, and at dusk we chatted about "Liang Fu Yin". (Liang Fu's first work: Liang Fu) Three Hundred Tang Poems, Ancient Poems for Junior High School, Ancient Poems for High School, Scenery, Nostalgia, Feelings about the Times and Concerns for the Country and People Translation and Annotations
Literal Translation
Flowers are approaching The high-rise building made me sad to be far away from home. In this time of disaster all over the country, I climbed up to take a look.
The flourishing spring scenery is overwhelming on both sides of the Jinjiang River, and the floating clouds on Yulei Mountain have been ever-changing throughout the ages.
The imperial court, like the North Star, will never change. Don’t let the Tibetan bandits in the Western Mountains come to invade you.
It is a pity that Liu Chan, the Empress of Shu, is such a foolish king. He still enjoys sacrifices in the temple. At dusk, I will recite "Liang Fu Yin" for the time being.
Rhyme Translation
Climbing up the stairs to look at the spring, seeing the flowers up close, the wanderer becomes more and more sad; I am full of troubles and worries, so I came to climb here.
The spring scenery of Jinjiang River rushes towards you from the edge of heaven and earth; the floating clouds of Yulei Mountain have been unpredictable from ancient times to the present.
The imperial court of the Tang Dynasty is really like the North Star that cannot be shaken; Tubo Yi Dimo ??comes again to harass and invade in vain.
It’s a pity that Empress Liu is so mediocre that he still builds a temple to worship. At sunset, I want to imitate Kong Ming’s talk and compose Liang Fu’s chant. Appreciation
The first couplet mentions the whole poem, "There are many difficulties in all directions", which is the starting point for the whole poem to describe the scenery and express emotions. In such a difficult time, the poet who was living in a foreign country was full of sorrow and went up to this building. Although the flowers were dazzling his eyes, the poet was sad and sad about the country's disasters, and he was even more dejected. Flowers hurt the hearts of guests, and the use of happy scenes to express sadness is the same as "flowers splashing with tears when feeling the time" ("Spring Outlook"), both of which are contrasting techniques. In terms of writing, it first describes the abnormal phenomenon of the poet being sad at the sight of flowers, and then it is said that it is due to the many difficulties, the cause and effect are reversed, and the momentum is sudden; the word "climbing" uses the power of a high-level command to lead all the following. Perception.
The couplet describes the spectacular mountains and rivers from the natural landscape that the poet saw when he climbed the tower. "Jinjiang" and "Jade Barrier" are what he saw when he climbed the tower. The poet looked far away from the building, and saw the flowing water of the Jinjiang River rushing from the edge of the sky and the earth with the vigorous spring scenery. The floating clouds on Yulei Mountain floated up and down, just like the changes in ancient and modern times, the poet thought of the turbulent situation in the country. The first sentence opens up the vision to space, and the second sentence is about time. The sky and the earth are very different, and the past and present form a vast and far-reaching realm that encompasses the universe. It is full of the poet's praise of the mountains and rivers of the motherland and the reminiscence of the national history; and, climbing high. Far away, he can see in all directions, wandering towards the northwest front line with his thoughts, which also reveals the poet's infinite concern for the country and the people.
The neck couplet discusses the general trend of the world. "The imperial court" and "bandits and thieves" are what the poet thinks about when he climbs the tower. The North Pole, the name of the star, is located in the middle of the northern sky. It symbolizes the power of the Tang Dynasty. The first sentence "will never change", in turn inherits the fourth sentence "change the past and the present", which comes from the fact that Tubo captured the capital the previous year and Daizong was restored soon, which means that the Tang Empire has a long-lasting destiny; the second sentence "bandits" "Invade each other" further illustrates the "all kinds of difficulties" in the second sentence. In response to Tubo's covetousness, he sent a message to each other: "Don't come to invade in vain again!" There is firm belief in it.
The last couplet chants about the ancient relics, satirizes the failed emperor of the dynasty, and expresses the poet's personal embrace. The Later Master refers to Liu Chan of the Shu Han Dynasty, who doted on the eunuchs and eventually subjugated the country; the Temple of the First Master is outside Jinguanmen in Chengdu, with Wuhou Temple in the west and Houzhu Temple in the east; "Liang Fu Yin" is a Yuefu poem that Zhuge Liang liked to recite before he met Liu Bei. To compare this song "Climbing the Tower", it contains the admiration for Zhuge Wuhou. The poet stood at the top of the building, wandering and pondering, and soon the sun had set in the west. In the vast twilight, the First Main Temple and the Second Main Temple in the south of the city were faintly visible. Thinking of the late master Liu Chan, the poet couldn't help but sigh: "What a pity that poor king who lost his country is worthy of being like Zhuge Wuhou, living exclusively in the temple and enjoying the incense of future generations!" This is a metaphor for Liu Chan, the emperor of the Tang Dynasty, Li Yu. Li Yu reused the eunuchs Cheng Yuanzhen and Yu Chaoen, which caused the country to be in dire straits and Tibet invaded, which was very similar to Liu Chan's trust in Huang Hao and the country's subjugation. The difference is that the poet lived in an era where there were only fatuous kings like Empress Liu, but not wise prime ministers like Zhuge Liang. But the poet himself has no desire to help the world, no way to devote himself to it, thousands of miles away from home, the sun sets on a high building, and is full of worries, but he can only entertain himself by reciting poems.
The whole poem expresses feelings about the scene. The description of mountains and rivers is connected with the changes in society throughout the ages. The talk of human affairs also relies on the natural scenery to penetrate and tolerate each other. It integrates natural scenes, national disasters, and personal feelings into one, and the language is magnificent. It is broad and has profound meaning, reflecting the poet's melancholy and frustrated artistic style.
This seven-note poem has strict rhythm. The two middle couplets are in steady opposition, while the neck couplet is a pair of flowing water, with a kind of flying and flowing movement. In terms of language, special attention is paid to the refinement of the fifth character in each sentence (except the last sentence). The word "injury" in the first sentence adds a sad atmosphere to the whole poem, and it comes suddenly, creating strong suspense.
The word "this" in the second sentence has multiple meanings such as "this time", "here", "this person", "this trip", etc. It also contains the emotion of "this can only be like this". The word "come" in the three sentences highlights the spring scenery of Jinjiang River and its majestic momentum, which makes people feel chest-thumping. The word "change" in the four sentences means that the floating clouds are like white clouds turning into gray dogs, and the world is like the sea turning into mulberry fields. One word of pun arouses readers' endless imagination. The "end" in the five sentences is "finally", "always", and "for a long time"; there is luck, blessing, and confidence, so that the word "mo" in the six sentences is full of power that makes the bandit hear and stop. The "huan" in the seven sentences is the tone of "it should not be so but it is so", expressing great contempt for the kings who have wronged the country and failed in ancient and modern times. Only in the last sentence, the focus of word refinement is on the third character. "Liao" means "not willing to do this but can only do this". It expresses the poet's helpless sadness and echoes the word "this" in the second sentence.
What is particularly noteworthy for readers is that the word "near" in the first sentence and the word "twilight" in the last sentence play a prominent role in the conception of the poem. The whole poem describes the impressions of climbing the building, looking up and down, and looking at the mountains and historic sites, all from the perspective of space; "sunset" indicates that the poet has been wandering for a long time. This takes into account space and time and enhances the three-dimensional sense of the artistic conception. In terms of space alone, whether it is Jinjiang and Yulei in the northwest, or the Houzhu Temple in the south of the city, they are all distant scenery; the "flowers near high buildings" at the beginning are very close at hand. The close and distant views cooperate with each other to make the poem's realm broad and powerful without any regrets of being empty or hollow. Creation background: This poem was written by Du Fu in Chengdu in the spring of 764 (the second year of Emperor Guangde's reign in the Tang Dynasty). At that time, the poet had been living in Sichuan for his fifth year. The "Western Bandits" in the poem refers to Tubo, and "all kinds of troubles are everywhere", with the Tubo invasion being the most severe. At the same time, it also refers to the increasingly declining scene of eunuchs' monopoly power, separatist vassal towns, internal and external difficulties of the court, and numerous disasters. Du Fu (712-770), whose courtesy name is Zimei, who calls himself Shaoling Yelao, is known as "Du Gongbu", "Du Shaoling", etc., Han nationality, native of Gong County, Henan Province (now Gongyi City, Henan Province), a great realist in the Tang Dynasty A Marxist poet, Du Fu is respected as the "Sage of Poetry" by the world, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Du Fu and Li Bai are collectively known as "Li Du". In order to distinguish them from the other two poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu, known as "Little Li Du", Du Fu and Li Bai are also collectively known as "Big Li Du". He was concerned about the country and the people, and had a noble personality. About 1,400 of his poems have been preserved. His poetic skills are exquisite, and he is highly respected in Chinese classical poetry and has far-reaching influence. He lived in Chengdu from 759 to 766, and is commemorated by Du Fu thatched cottage in later generations.
Du Fu Spring trees in Weibei, dusk clouds in Jiangdong. Life is full of love and tears, how can rivers and flowers be the ultimate! The river is lingering and the mountains are in dispute. There are many turmoils in the rivers and lakes, and the boat may be lost. The Xiangjiang River is not a mausoleum even though it is a thousand years old. The fish and dragons under the water should be able to read. The Xiangjiang River is broad and the bitter bamboo clumps are deep, and the sun faces the west. The shadow of the lone sail in the distance is gone in the blue sky, and only the Yangtze River can be seen flowing in the sky. The great river goes eastward, and the waves are swept away, and there are romantic figures throughout the ages. The day is over the mountains, and the Yellow River flows into the sea. The Yellow River falls from the sky and flows through the East China Sea, thousands of miles are written in the mind. Both sides of the Xiangjiang River are covered with flowers and trees, and the beauties are not worried about their hearts. The mountains end with the plains, and the river flows into the wilderness. Willows and trees in the east wind, green and green on the river. The east boat and the west boat are silent, only the white autumn moon can be seen in the middle of the river. The peaks and mountains are like clusters, the waves are like angry waves, and the mountains and rivers are like Tongguan Road inside and outside.