Clouds harvest in the evening, the sunset hangs, a river of maple leaves, and reed flowers on both sides.
Wujiang, Suzhou, written by Xu Zaisi, a Sanqu writer in Yuan Dynasty, is as beautiful as a painting. During more than ten years' traveling career, Xu Zaisi has a special liking for Jiangnan. He sends his love to the mountains and rivers, and the eight scenes of Wujiang recorded in words are like flowing ink paintings.
The spring wave of Taihu Lake in his poems evokes Ling Bo's immortal dream, leaving his feelings and lingering shadows on the pool; The ancient Dragon Temple is full of sweet spring, soaked in a green jade and fragrant; Romantic white clouds in Dongting appear in Xiang Wang's dream, in the house of a monk and in Yan Jing's picture. Qiancun sails far, travels thousands of miles, crosses the three-state boundary, and separates the lakes and mountains; What's more, the old fisherman, who calls for children and drinks and is drunk on the lonely tent, fished late in the snowy beach and got drunk in Xi Gu.
The quaint Huayan midnight bell reverberates in the valley, making people suddenly enlightened and fully aware, just like nirvana rebirth, awakening the butterfly dream, attracting the dragon god to listen, sitting in a monk's meditation at night and reciting the 99-year-old scriptures.
the most unforgettable thing is the sunset glow in the western hills, gulls and herons perching under cattle and sheep, and the water and sky reflect the red glow. In the cold twilight, the old tree turns bright, and the crow in the back touches the heart of the wanderer.
Born in Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, Xu Zaisi named himself Tian Zhai because he likes sweets. His words also have a unique sweet taste. There is no textual research on his life. There are more than 1 pieces of Sanqu and Poem that he has survived. His works, together with those of Guan Yunshi, who was named Suanzhai in Yuan Dynasty, are called Sweet and Sour Yuefu.
Xu Zaisi's Sanqu is sincere and sincere, with fresh and beautiful language and neat antithesis, which makes it easy to read. As "Taihe Zhengyin Spectrum" commented, his poems, like the autumn moon in Guilin, are beautiful and moving.
Xu zaisi's footprints have traveled all over Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Suzhou and Hangzhou. Every grass and tree in the south of the Yangtze River comforted his soul. Sad at the fall of the old country, he traveled around, imitating ancient hermits, seeking comfort in the mountains and rivers and seeking spiritual liberation. In the years of seclusion in the south of the Yangtze River, it is enough to have poems that are pleasing to the heart and heart.
Spring in the south of the Yangtze River makes people linger. Xu Zaisi, who was intoxicated with the beautiful scenery, expressed his feelings in a song named Chun Qing, lamenting that he didn't understand lovesickness at first, but now he knows the pain of lovesickness, which is painful: his body is like a floating cloud, his heart is like flying catkins, and his spirit is so weak. Annoying lovesickness is everywhere. When the lights are half dim and the moon is half bright, people are most worried.
Xu Zaisi's poem The Water Fairy Rains at Night, which is short in paper and long in sentiment, is just a few tens of words, and writes the parting words to the extreme. The melancholy in the song is full of emotion, without any trace of carving. Homesickness and deep affection are revealed between the lines. In the light words, there is a deep truth. It is most appropriate to describe this water fairy when the flowers are brighter than the poles.
Water Fairy Night Rain Xu Zaisi [Yuan Dynasty]
One sound of leaves and one sound of autumn, a little banana and a little sorrow, and after the third night of dreams.
I fell to snuff, but I didn't receive the chess. I sighed Xinfeng's rebellion against stay for a long time. Ten years on the pillow, two old worries in Jiangnan, all come to mind.
"A sound of leaves and autumn, a little banana and a little sorrow". The poet began with the leaves of a plane, paved with plantains, and integrated the autumn sadness with the inner sadness, vividly depicting the lonely state of mind of the traveler wandering abroad. The autumn rain keeps falling, dripping on the fallen leaves of the phoenix tree, as if to tell everyone that autumn is getting stronger. Raindrops fall on banana leaves, and every drop of rain adds a homesickness.
In ancient poetry, autumn rain is often used to set off homesickness. Even Sister Lin is full of praise for the beautiful artistic conception of leaving the residual lotus to listen to the rain. Ye Shaoweng, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, lived in a foreign land, and felt in the autumn night: the rustling leaves sent cold sounds, and the autumn wind on the river moved the guests.
Bai Juyi laments that things have changed: peach-trees and plum-trees blossomed, in the winds of spring, lakka-foliage fell to the ground, after autumn rains. The once prosperous Xingqing Palace and Ganlu Hall are now overgrown with weeds, and the autumn wind is even more bleak. The steps in front of the building are covered with fallen leaves, but no one cleans them: the Western and Southern Palaces were littered with late grasses, and the steps were mounded with red leaves that no one swept away.
The phoenix tree, written by poets of past dynasties, became the spokesman of autumn. Zhu Xi said in his poems to persuade students to learn that the leaves in front of the pond are already autumn before they feel the dream of spring grass. Li Yu, the queen of the Southern Tang Dynasty, told his sadness in his poems: The moon is like a hook when he goes to the West Building alone without words. Lonely phoenix tree deep courtyard locks clear autumn.
Wen Tingyun, who is as famous as Li Shangyin, sighed in "More Leaky": The plane tree, it rains in the middle of the night, and it is bitter to leave the love, one leaf, one sound, and the empty steps drop to the Ming. Yan Shu's plane leaves are full of emotion, and the tall buildings are eager for dusk, and there is a rustling rain on the plane leaves. Dongpo, who is bold and open-minded, is affectionate and does not lose the graceful and restrained poets. He said in the word "Bu Operator" that the lack of the moon makes people feel quiet, which makes the autumn night cold and desolate.
Meng Haoran, a landscape and pastoral poet, wrote in his poem that weiyun is fresh and beautiful because of its light rivers and sparse raindrops. Li Qingzhao, a talented woman, sighed in her words, with tears in her eyes: the phoenix tree is drizzling, and it is dripping at dusk. This time, what a sad word!
"After the third night, after the dream", vividly describes the poet's homesickness in the middle of the night, and it is difficult to sleep. In poetry, the third watch refers to midnight, when the poet wanders abroad and wakes up from his dream in the middle of the night. In his dream, he returns to his long-lost hometown, just like when he left. When I wake up, everything is empty, and my old country is gone, how can my home be intact? Sad, he can't sleep anymore.
Nalan's three-night snow sets off sadness and is romantic and beautiful: the north wind blows away the three-night snow, and the precious soul still loves the peach blossom and the moon. The three-night rain on the plane tree leaves awakened Dongpo's dream, and he could no longer find traces in it. In He Zhu's ci, the middle of the night, the atrium just shines with pear blossom snow, pear blossom snow, which is so sad that the cuckoo cries blood. The night rain written by Xu Zaisi, every bit of it is sadness.
"I lost my chess in snuff, but I sighed Xinfeng's rebellion against stay for a long time". The poet quoted the allusions of Ma Zhou in Tang Dynasty and lamented his life. In those days, Ma Zhou was snubbed by Xinfeng innkeeper because of his poverty. Later, he became an official in the middle of the book. This story was recorded in "The Biography of Ma Zhou in the New Tang Dynasty", which made people feel deeply.
Xinfeng is located in Lintong, Shaanxi Province. In those days, Liu Bang took his father from his hometown to Beijing. Helpless, the old man was homesick, and he was not happy every day, so Liu Bang ordered the street to be transformed into the appearance of Fengyi, and built new villages and market towns nearby to move the residents of Fengyi here. Created a new hometown for the old father and comforted the old man's homesickness. Xinfeng got its name from this. Obviously, Xu Zaisi mentioned this matter in his words to set off his inner feelings.
"Ten years on the pillow, the worries of two parents in the south of the Yangtze River come to mind". Xu Zaisi, who has been away from home for ten years, personally experienced the change of dynasties, witnessed the joys and sorrows in the world, and was deeply touched. His anguish and sadness in his heart and his worries about his parents at home were all contained in just a dozen words.
The imperial court in Yuan Dynasty discriminated against them especially, and they had no way to enter the government. Most of the children in the south of the Yangtze River were helpless. As a adherent of the Southern Song Dynasty, Xu Zaisi's hatred of national subjugation is lingering, and his road to seeking employment in the north is bumpy and his future is bleak. The unspeakable loneliness and the sadness of wandering in a foreign land are always bothering the poet's heart.
Life's frustration can't be changed, and parents at home worry about themselves day and night. Thinking of this, the poet's sadness and all kinds of helplessness come to mind. Wang Guowei once said that different dynasties have different literary works with their own characteristics. For example, the Sao of Chu, the Fu of Han Dynasty, the parallel words of Six Dynasties, the poems of Tang Dynasty, the Ci of Song Dynasty and the Song of Yuan Dynasty are all literature of one generation, and the later generations can't inherit it.
Xu zaisi's yuanqu is fresh, sincere and touching. Read through this water fairy, with feelings in the scenery, writing from the side, using allusions, without mentioning himself in the words, but telling the true feelings of the poet every word. Yuanqu, which is appreciated by refined and popular people, tells the joys and sorrows of ordinary people in the Yuan Dynasty. Reading it touches the heartstrings and empathizes with them.
Xu Zaisi's life was bumpy and frustrated, and the beautiful landscape became his comfort. The ups and downs of life, the vicissitudes of the world, and the loneliness of the heart are all written by him.
In those days, Xu Zaisi was walking on the bank of Qinhuai River, and the twilight was boundless, and the withered grass and fallen leaves came into view. When the sun sets and the river flows east, he can't help but sigh: Magnolia is here, and the monk asks, who do you know?
the sound of leaves and autumn, a little banana and a little sorrow, go back to the night after the dream. Xu Zaisi wrote homesickness to the extreme in short words.