(1) goat on the hillside-the name of the song, which determines the form of this Sanqu; "Tongguan Nostalgia" is the title.
(2) Tongguan, the name of ancient customs, belongs to Tongguan County, Shaanxi Province. Guancheng is located halfway up Huashan Mountain, next to the Yellow River, which is very dangerous.
(3) mountains and rivers-there are mountains outside and rivers inside, which describe the dangerous terrain.
(4) The western capital-Chang 'an, Shaanxi, was Xijing in the Han Dynasty. This refers to the capital city built near Chang 'an since Qin and Han Dynasties.
⑤ Hesitation-vacillating and preoccupied.
⑥ Qin and Han Dynasties-Qin Dynasty (before 22 1? /FONT & gt； 207) Xianyang, the capital, and Chang 'an, the capital of the Western Han Dynasty (206-24 BC), are both west of Tongguan, Shaanxi.
⑦ Palace Que-Palace building. Que, the buildings on both sides of the imperial gate.
The poet stood on the mountain road of Tongguan fortress, with Huashan peaks in front of him and the rushing Yellow River at his feet, roaring like a raging herd. The peaks were thrown into clusters with different heights, as if they were gathered here for inspection. Tongguan, the majestic and dangerous Tongguan, is a battleground for ancient strategists!
Thinking of ancient times, the poet can't help looking west. Three hundred miles west of Tongguan is Xijing Factory. From Qin and Han Dynasties to Sui and Tang Dynasties, several dynasties established their capitals in that area. In the sunset, the poet saw nothing, but in his mind, he saw a majestic ancient capital, clusters of magnificent palaces, which used to be a place where many emperors, generals and heroes competed for the tiger and the half. It was once awesome, but now all traces have disappeared, leaving only a piece of loess. Looking west at Chang 'an, I'm really confused!
Is the poet just sad because "all the palaces make dirt"? No, he loves people of all ages. Regardless of the Qin, Han, Sui and Tang dynasties, despite the change of dynasties, the suffering of the people has never been eliminated. "Xing, people suffer; Death, the people suffer! " This is a general comment on thousands of years of history.
These trilogy, from Tongguan fortress to ancient capital Chang 'an, from ancient capital Chang 'an to the rise and fall of past dynasties, are hundreds of miles away and last for more than a thousand years. In the end, it boils down to a phrase "the people are suffering", which is repeatedly recited, with both the artistic conception of landscape poems and the vision of historians.