At this time, the author is marching on the road to Tongguan. He saw the peaks and waves with his own eyes, and both "Ru Ju" and "Ru Nu" infected the author's feelings. The reason why the author is unhappy (hesitant) is that disasters occur frequently and people suffer. This poem was written in, when there was a drought in Guanzhong, and Zhang was called to Shaanxi to be an official. He passed through Tongguan on his way to his post, which triggered a memory of ancient feelings and showed the author's concern and sympathy for the sufferings of the people. This well-known poem reveals an irrefutable truth from a profound historical perspective: "the country is rich and the people are poor;" Death, people suffer! That is, no matter how the feudal dynasty changed, innocent people suffered in their wars for cities and land. It is like a red candle with a high fever, which illuminates people's eyes and makes people realize that it is a symbol of feudal regime, and its construction is built by the bones of countless people; When it collapsed, countless people's bones made its sacrifices. This is its shining brilliance. As for the accurate casting, vivid modeling and strong lyrical color, it is the rest. Zhang's "Goat Nostalgia for Tongguan" skillfully combines Tongguan's topography with history to express his feelings in the landscape. Taking Tongguan as the witness of history, it exudes a heavy "prosperity, people suffering; Death, the people suffer. " "The mountains and peaks are like gathering, the waves are like anger, and Tongguan Road, inside and outside the mountains and rivers, looks at the west and hesitates. Sad Qin and Han dynasties, ten thousand palaces have been made of earth. Xing, people suffer, death, people suffer. "