1, hardy
Thomas Hardy (1840-06-02, Dorset ~1928-011,Maxwell, Dorset).
British writer.
/kloc-started as an architectural apprentice at the age of 0/6, and later worked as an architect's assistant to repair churches. The architectural thesis won the Royal Academy of Architecture Award. Music, painting and language skills, knowledge of ancient Greece and Latin. He is knowledgeable in philosophy, literature and natural science. Influenced by the evolution theory, a major scientific discovery at that time, he became a religious skeptic. He wrote poetry at the age of 25, and 1866 began to write novels. The first novel, The Poor Man and the Lady, was not published. Later, he created a plot novel "Counting Helpless" with love, conspiracy, murder and detection as the content, which was positively evaluated after publication. 1874 Married Emma Lavaine. With Emma's encouragement, he created a pair of blue eyes under the green trees, away from the hubbub. Away from the hubbub has achieved great success with its fresh and natural style and vivid characters. From then on, he gave up the construction industry and embarked on the road of professional creation. In the nearly 30 years from 1869 to the end of 19, * * wrote 14 novels and nearly 50 short stories. After writing the novel, he collected his early poems into a book and continued to write poems and plays until his death.
Hardy's novels are set in the southwest of England where he grew up and lived, with strong local color. He roughly divided these novels into three categories: character environment novels, romantic fantasy novels and structural novels. Among them, the first category is the most important. Novels in this category include Under the Trees, Away from the Crowd, The Return of the Native, The Mayor of Casterbridge, Ren Linju, Tess of the D 'Urbervilles and Jude the Obscure. Generally speaking, they are Hardy's most mature works in thought and art, among which the tragic stories Tess of the D 'Urbervilles and Jude the Obscure are the most outstanding. The former is about Tess, a poor and beautiful milkmaid, who lost her virginity to a rich family and a villain Alec D 'Urberville and suffered both mentally and materially. Finally, she lost her true love, was angry and desperate, killed Alec and went to the gallows. The latter novel is about Jude Fan Li, a poor and kind orphan who wants to go to colleges and universities for further study, but he can't start. He and like-minded cousin Shu Bradeher both got rid of their legal spouses and freely combined, but they were rejected by the society and lived on the streets, and finally their families were ruined. These works showed the advanced ideas of the times and posed a severe challenge to the old customs and institutions of the Victorian era, which was criticized at that time. Most of his novels about personality and environment describe the struggle, pursuit and disillusionment of the hero and heroine all their lives, reflecting people's pursuit of a better life and ideals, and the fierce conflict between people and the environment (including people) in this process, so they are rich in extensive and profound social significance and philosophy. Novels belong to the romantic fantasy category, including A Pair of Blue Eyes, The Trumpeter, The Lover in the Tower, Mr Right, etc., and focus on depicting the life picture with romantic love as the main content. Skillful novels include Out of Helplessness, Marriage of Estella, Cold Woman, etc. In this kind of works, Hardy deliberately experimented with the structural skills of novels, from which we can see Hardy's various explorations and attempts in the process of novel creation, as well as his connection with naturalism and neo-romanticism popular at that time. The ideological themes of the latter two kinds of works are often associated with characters and environmental novels, which are idealistic, and there are also many fascinating and thought-provoking masterpieces. His short stories satirize human life, explore psychological activities, or describe romantic legends. Among them, Three Weird Strangers has entered the world's excellent short stories. Hardy's novels are changeable in style, wide in subject matter and rich in content. Because of his outstanding achievements in novel creation, he became a representative writer of England in the late19th century.
As a poet, Hardy also has a good reputation. From 1898 to 1928, he published eight short poems, including Wessex Poetry, Song of the Past and the Present, Laughter of Time, Irony of Environment, Moment of Illusion, Lyrics in the Middle and Late Period, and All Aspects of Human Nature. He also wrote two poetic dramas The King and the famous tragedy The Queen of Cornwall. Hardy's poems are cold, profound, exquisite, beautiful, concise and unique, which are more modern than his novels. The poetic drama Kings is a masterpiece of Hardy's thought and art, which takes the Napoleonic Wars as its theme, covers various war-related regions and places in Europe, and has hundreds of characters. It belongs to a desk drama that is not used for performance, with magnificent momentum and beautiful language. It uses three stylistic forms: blank poetry, rhyming poetry and prose. With the help of various important links in the war process, Hardy further expounded his thoughts expressed in novels and short poems. This poetic drama is the deepening and summary of the author's literary creation in the past 60 years.
Hardy's outstanding achievements in poetry and novel creation in his later years won him great honor. After his death, he was buried in the Poet's Corner in Westminster, London, and his heart was buried in the cemetery of his hometown of Stingsford Church according to my wishes. His biography, some literary papers, literary notes and letters have been published one after another. He has considerable influence in Britain and other countries in the world. China began to introduce and translate Hardy's poems and novels in the 1920s and 1930s, and he has become one of the English writers familiar to readers in China.
2. Hardy (1877 ~ 1947)
Godfrey Harold Hardy
British mathematician. /kloc-0 was born in Cranley on February 7th, 877,/kloc-0 died in Cambridge on February 7th, 947, 12. /kloc-entered Winchester College, which is famous for training mathematicians, at the age of 0/3. 1896 went to trinity college, Cambridge, and 1900 got the position in Cambridge. In the same year, he won the Smith Prize. Later, he was a professor at Oxford University and Cambridge University in England. He cooperated with Littlewood for a long time and wrote nearly 100 papers. He has made great contributions in the fields of Diophantine approximation, heap number theory, Riemann ξ function, trigonometric series, inequality, series and integral, and is also the discoverer of regression number phenomenon. In the first half of the 20th century, a world-class school of English analysis was established.