Jinse is Li Shangyin's masterpiece. Everyone who loves poetry is happy and happy, and it is the most famous. However, this is the most difficult poem to explain. Some people say that it is a love poem for a maid named "Jinse" in Linghu Chu's family; Some people say that it is a mourning poem for the late wife Wang; Others think that the four poems in the middle can meet the four feelings of appropriateness, resentment, clarity and harmony, and can be inferred as poems describing music; There are also many sayings, such as alluding to politics and writing autobiographical poems. For thousands of years, there have been many different opinions. Generally speaking, most people say "mourning" and "self-injury".
Poetry creatively uses symbols and metaphors to develop the traditional "metaphor" method. "I want to know why my Jinse has fifty strings, each with a youthful interval." Imagine: a beautifully painted harp has fifty strings, and the poet is feeling that he is almost fifty years old. Every string and column reminds him of the past years, suggesting that he is outstanding in talent and the years have passed.
The poem Jinse uses the first two words of the first sentence. In the old saying, it was originally thought to be a poem about objects, but the annotator seems to think that this poem has nothing to do with the theme of utensils, and it is really "untitled" to use utensils to hide the theme.
The first couplet of this poem begins with a sad brocade. With the help of the association of images, it shows the poet's deep feelings and unspeakable experiences of living at sea, and points out the theme of "thinking of China", which is a creative development of the traditional method of comparison.
"Saint Zhuangzi daydreaming, bewitched by butterflies, crowed by the cuckoo of the emperor." The two couplets in the middle of the poem Jinse can best reflect Li Shangyin's incisive quotations and profound metaphors. Li Shangyin entered the poem with the allusion of "Zhuang Sheng dreams of butterflies" and skillfully designed the words "Xiao" and "Fan". That deep joy metaphor can't be expressed in words. "Xiao" is also morning, which means that a person's life is youth. Meng Xiao: The dream when I was young, the ambition when I was young, and the colorful happy ideal. "Fans" are crazy, obsessed, unable to give up, and pursue happiness unremittingly. The poet's exquisite words endow allusions with a new philosophy of happiness and make readers feel deeply about things. In the end, poetry has a film and television effect, which reproduces the poet's unremitting pursuit of the ideal that he can't give up, but he is helpless but struggling for it. He was in a dilemma, bullied and frustrated. In the end, it was just a bitter dream.
Several allusions are mixed in the previous sentence of the Necklace. Beads are born in mussels, and mussels are born in the sea. Whenever the moon is bright and quiet, mussels open their mouths to raise pearls, pearls get moonlight, and aurora begins to shine. This is a beautiful folk tradition. Tears, like beads, are natural since ancient times. Jiao Ren's tears turned into pearls, which is also a strange sight in the sea. In this way, the bright moon falls between the seas, and pearls are bathed in tears, forming an indistinguishable fairyland in the poet's pen. It is rare to have such rich connotations and wonderful associations in one stroke.
The blue sky and sea in the latter sentence are not groundless. Si Kongtu, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, quoted a passage from Dai Shulun who was earlier than him: "The beauty of a poet, such as the warmth of Lantian and the essence of jade, cannot be placed in front of us." The eight words used for metaphor here are exactly the same as the seven words in the next sentence of this poem, which shows that this metaphor has another source. Unfortunately, the ancient books were lost later, and it was difficult to find the source again. It is hard to say whether it is appropriate to quote Dai language as an explanation. Lu Ji, a writer in the Jin Dynasty, has a famous sentence in his "Wen Fu": "Stone is like jade, mountains are only light, and water is like pearls." Lantian Mountain is a famous jade-producing place in the southeast of Lantian, Shaanxi Province. This mountain is sunny and contains jade gas (the ancients thought that treasures have phosgene invisible to ordinary eyes), and Ran Ran rises. However, although the essence of Meiyu is far away, it is not close, so it is out of reach, representing an extremely beautiful ideal scenery, but it is impossible to grasp and approach. This sentence in the poem, inspired and associated by "Jade Mountain is shining, pearls are charming, and Sichuan is charming", is in sharp contrast with the previous sentence: the warmth of the sea and the moon and Lantian. Literally speaking, Lantian is also very neat to the sea, because the original meaning of Cang is cyan. The poet's exquisite rhetoric can also show his talent and skills.
For poets, the realm of the sea and the moon has a particularly deep feeling. Once, due to illness, he failed to bow to the "Leying to buy wine" meeting of Hedong Gong, so he wrote "Only the sea and bright moon will be filled with high pressure for a while" ("I heard that Hedong Gong Leying bought wine in my illness"). From this perspective, on the one hand, he appreciates this situation, on the other hand, he is very sad and lonely: a complex and unspeakable disappointment.
This couplet and the first couplet * * * use four allusions, showing different artistic conception and artistic conception. Zhuang Sheng's dream of butterflies is a trance and confusion of life. Looking forward to the emperor's longing for spring, including his persistence in hard pursuit; Tears in the sea have a broad loneliness; The warmth of Lantian conveys warm and hazy joy. The images extracted by the poet from allusions are so magical and ethereal that his mind is slowly opened to readers, and the beauty of the New Year and the feelings of life are all integrated into it, which can only be understood but not expressed.
At the end of the poem, rhetorical progressive sentences are used to strengthen the tone and end the whole poem. "This Feeling" summarizes the feelings expressed: "Memories of Time Past" and "The Year of Thinking of China" echo each other from a distance. "To be treated" means "to be treated", which shows that this melancholy and sad "feeling" has long been lost, and it is difficult to send it away, and it is even more unbearable at this time.
The title of the poem is Jinse, but it is not a poem about objects. It's just an untitled poem with the first word as the title according to the convention of ancient poetry. This poem is one of Li Shangyin's most difficult works, and the poet has always lamented that "a Jin Se is difficult to understand". In his poems, the author recalled his youth, felt sad about his unfortunate experience, and pinned his feelings of sadness and resentment. He borrows a lot of allusions such as Zhuang Sheng's dream butterfly, cuckoo crying blood, tears in the sea, jade like smoke, etc., and uses metaphor and imagination to transform auditory feelings into visual images, and creates a hazy realm by combining fragments of images, so as to convey them with the help of visually perceptible poetic images. The whole poem is colorful, subtle and profound, sincere and touching.
The original text of Li Shangyin's Jinse:
golden
Li shangyin? Tang dynasty
I want to know why my Jinse has fifty strings, and each string has a youthful interval.
Zhuangzi daydreaming, a saint, was bewitched by butterflies, and cuckoo crowed in the imperial spring.
Mermaids shed pearl-like tears on the moon-green sea, and the blue fields breathed their jade to the sun.
A moment that should last forever has come and gone before I know it.
Li Shangyin s Translation of the Full Text of Jinse;
Why do exquisite musical instruments have fifty strings, each of which reminds me of my youth?
Zhuang Zhou danced in his sleep and turned into a butterfly, hoping that the emperor would entrust his hatred to Du Fu.
Things change, the bright moon is in the sky, and Jiao Ren's tears are beads; Lantian is sunny and warm, and you can see good jade and good smoke.
Why do you want to recall this scene now? I just didn't know how to cherish it then.
Comment on words and phrases:
Jinse: A beautifully decorated musical instrument. Arthur, plucked instrument, usually 25 strings.
For no reason: For no reason, born this way. Why not? Words of resentment. Fifty strings: this is Togu's word. The author meant that Jinse should have been 25 strings.
Post: a small wooden post used to fix the strings on an instrument, also called code.
"Zhuang Sheng" sentence: "Zhuangzi's Theory of Everything": "Zhuang Zhoumeng is a butterfly, lifelike; Self-metaphor and ambition! I don't know, Zhou Ye. If you suddenly feel it, you will suddenly feel it. I wonder if Zhou Zhimeng is a butterfly and? Is the butterfly's dream a week? " Li Shangyin quoted the story of Zhuang Zhou's dream butterfly to illustrate that life is like a dream and the past is like smoke.
"Looking at the Emperor" sentence: "Hua Yang Guo Zhi Shu Zhi": "Du Yu proclaimed himself emperor, posthumous title Wang Di. ..... Its mutual understanding, decided that Lei Yushan in order to eliminate the flood, the emperor then instructed political affairs, and the law of Yao and Shun Zen taught benevolence and righteousness, so Zen was in enlightenment. The emperor rose to the western hills. In February this year, cuckoo birds sang, and Shu people mourned cuckoo birds. " Zi Juan is a cuckoo, also called Zi Gui.
The sea: the sea. The sea is blue, hence its name. Beads with tears: "Natural History": "There is Jiao Ren outside the South China Sea, and the water lives like a fish. Don't waste your performance, tears will produce pearls. "
Lantian: Mountain name. Yuanhe County Records: "Lantian County, Jingzhaofu, Guannei Road: Lantian Mountain, Yushan Mountain, 28 miles east of the county."
Stay: Stay and wait there.
Just: Jude is more than just. It means "yes" and "yes".
About the author:
Li Shangyin (about 813-about 858), a native of Yuxi, xi, was a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty. His ancestral home is Qinyang, Hanoi (now Jiaozuo, Henan) and Xingyang, Zhengzhou. He is good at poetry writing, and his parallel prose also has high literary value. He is one of the most outstanding poets in the late Tang Dynasty. Together with Du Mu, it is called "Xiao", and together with Wen, it is called "Wen Li". Because his poems and essays are similar to the paragraphs and essays of the same period, all three of them rank sixteenth in the family, so they are also called "Thirty-six Style". His poems are novel in conception and beautiful in style, especially some love poems and untitled poems are touching, beautiful and moving, and are widely read. However, some poems are too obscure to be solved, and there is even a saying that "poets always love Quincy and hate that no one writes about Jian Zheng". Caught in the struggle between Niu and Li, I was frustrated all my life. After his death, he was buried in his hometown of Qinyang (now the junction of Qinyang and Aibo County in Jiaozuo City, Henan Province). His works are included in Li Yishan's poems.
Creative background:
Li Shangyin is talented and quick-thinking. He was admitted to a scholar in his early twenties. He was jealous of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology and was not brushed off. Since then, he has never met his talent. In the "Niu Li Party Struggle", the two sides are in a dilemma, full of doubts, repeatedly rejected, and their ambitions are difficult to achieve. Losing his wife in middle age, expressing his feelings by writing poems, is despised by people. This poem was written by the author in his later years.
There are always different opinions about the creative intention of the poem Jinse. Some people say that it is a love poem for a maid named "Jinse" in Linghu Chu's family; Some people say that it is a mourning poem for the late wife Wang; Others think that the four poems in the middle can meet the four feelings of appropriateness, resentment, clarity and harmony, and can be inferred as poems describing music; Some people think that it is patriotic and implies politics; Some people think that it is the theory of self-injury, the theory of self-comparison and literary talent, and some people think that it is self-narrative poetry creation and many other theories. Generally speaking, "mourning" and "self-injury" are the most common expressions.
Express the theme:
Jinse is a poem by Li Shangyin, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. The title of the poem "Jinse" is just an untitled poem with the first word as the title according to the convention of ancient poetry, but it is actually an untitled poem with a hidden title. This poem is one of Li Shangyin's most difficult works, and the poet has always lamented that "a Jin Se is difficult to understand". In his poems, the author recalled his youth, felt sad about his unfortunate experience, and pinned his feelings of sadness and resentment. He borrows a lot of allusions such as Zhuang Sheng's dream butterfly, cuckoo crying blood, tears in the sea, jade like smoke, etc., and uses metaphor and imagination to transform auditory feelings into visual images, and creates a hazy realm by combining fragments of images, so as to convey them with the help of visually perceptible poetic images. The whole poem is colorful, subtle and profound, sincere and touching.
Famous comments:
Liu Ban's Poem of Zhongshan in Song Dynasty: Li Shangyin has a poem "Jinse", but people don't understand it, so it's still called Linghu Chu, a famous family in Tsing Yi.
Song Huang's Susu Miscellaneous Notes: Dongpo Rhyme: This is the joy of ancient and modern times. He said, "The golden harp is also an instrument. Its string is fifty, and its column is like this. Its sound is also appropriate, resentful, clear and harmonious." The case Shi Li, "Saint Zhuangzi daydreaming, butterfly bewitched", also applies; "Wang Dichun's heart is cuckoo crow", resentment; "Mermaids shed pearl-like tears on the moon-green sea", Qing also; "The blue fields are breathing their jade to the sun", and. In an article, the song is the ultimate.
Wang Shizhen's Last Words of Yi Yuan in Ming Dynasty: Both Chinese and English couplets are beautiful words, which are well understood as "appropriateness, resentment, clarity and harmony". However, if you don't understand it, it's meaningless. If you understand it, it will explain everything, so that you can know the difficulty of poetry.
Gu Lin's Criticism of Tang Yin in Ming Dynasty: This poem is naturally a boudoir, and I'm afraid it won't be muddy in Jinseer.
Hu Yinglin's Poems in Ming Dynasty: Jinse is the name of Tsing Yi. When I saw the novels in Tang Dynasty, I called it Yishan as a writer. The conclusion of this poem includes the tears of Chun Xin, Lantian and Zhu. There is probably no title in Chinese, but I listened to the first sentence with a golden harp. Song people regarded it as a chanting thing, emphasizing appropriateness, resentment, clarity and correctness, which made the original intention ignorant. And for "and a moment that should last forever", it doesn't make much sense. Scholars try their best to screen this kind of argument, and only regard the topic as Tsing Yi. It should be enthusiastic to read it poetically.
In the Ming Dynasty, Hu Zhenheng's "Tang Yin Gui Qian": Those who take gold wares as real wares are crazy. I thought Linghu Chu was in Tsing Yi. I thought the business was hidden in Zhuang's business. I would definitely be in Tsing Yi. I was also stupid. Shang Yin's love poems are based on two words, as many as possible, not just Jin Se.
Qian commented on the advocacy of Tang poetry in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties: this righteous mountain is a tribute ... it is impossible to decide in a word, or to think about what it means, or to cherish the youth, to hurt the beauty's dying or to feel the experience of life, but to mourn the death of a strong husband.
Wu Qiao's poems around the furnace in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties: poems are mostly from the side. Zheng Zhongxian's "Farewell" goes: "Deliberately draw a spring pool, and only pedestrians are half drunk. No matter the rain or the smoke, I will hate Jiangnan. " People leave themselves, but complain about painting ge. A mountain recalls the past and complains about the brocade, and so on.
Zhu's Annotations on Revised Poems in the Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties: It is said that the attachment of Linghu Qingyi was created by predecessors because of the infiltration of the theory of appropriateness, resentment, purity and harmony with the old. Zhu attributed the loss to one ... three or four means that the living can only dream of butterflies; The souls of the dead can return, but that's because of the cuckoo. Five or six refers to its graceful posture, such as the pearl of the sea, which is now a deep spring road and empty tears for Jiao Ren; Temperament is as warm as the jade in Lantian, and now it is like the smoke of purple jade ... The word "this feeling" is closely related to the last two sentences, meaning that it is unbearable to recall its death. The word "at that time" was returned to "Hua nian", which means lamenting its long history and unbearable looking back. Starting with the word "think" and ending with the word "remember", an article echoes it.
Lu Ciyun's Poems and Songs of the Five Dynasties in Qing Dynasty: Yishan was good at writing in the late Tang Dynasty, and Jia Mo was good at it. The meaning is chaotic, between solvable and unsolvable, which did not exist in the early days of prosperity. Three Chu qi, pen off.
He Chao's Reading the Secretary of Yimen in Qing Dynasty: This mourning poem is also. Shoute was sad about Motome's 50-string drum, and Taidi banned the deep valley. It is said that some people can't stop thinking about sadness. The second link is that sadness suddenly becomes a foreign body. Sadly, I can't get up anymore. When we say "thinking about China" and "remembering", the purport is clear. Why should we stick to it?
Poems of Qing Shen: Zhu Yizun said: This mourning poem is also. People who plan to die are good at playing this game, so they think about people when they see things, so they raise things. Thurben's twenty-five strings, once broken, are fifty, so it is called "unprovoked", which means broken strings. "A string of strings" is followed by the word "Sihua", which means that he died at the age of 25. Hu Die, cuckoo, the words are gone; "Beads have tears", crying by themselves; "Jade gives birth to smoke" is also buried, or buried incense and jade. Is this feeling to be recalled today? It's just that on the day when I was alive, I was always worried about it, but I expected that it would be "disconsolate", which meant that I would be miserable and sick, so I was a floating cloud. He Chao said: "This article hurts itself, and poets call beauty late." . "Zhuangsheng" said to pay the price for the dream, and "Wang Huang" said to wait for the afterlife; "Sea" and "Lantian" are buried and cannot be seen by themselves; "When is the bright moon" and "When is the sun warm" are all lonely people in Qing Dynasty, which is particularly sad. Also: I feel that time is fleeting, starting with brocade. The word "thinking about China" is the skeleton of an article. Third, four fu "thinking" also. May 6th fu "China Year" also. I will still think in the end. Ji Yun said that "thinking of China" is the starting point, and "this feeling" is the general commitment. Guy started to think it was fun, but he hated it, so he remembered it. In four words, the so-called "disconsolate" is also. Han Zhiguang's poem "Wu Geng Fu" said: "Victory is in life, sorrow is in life." That's what it means, there is no deep understanding.
Du Zhao and Du Fu's Poems in the Middle and Late Tang Dynasty in the Qing Dynasty: Du: Poetry begins with a golden harp, and the word "unprovoked" is self-pitying. Is this string fifty evils? The pillar of an instrument is like its strings, but the age of a person is as vivid as its pillar.
In the Qing Dynasty, I checked Chu Bai 'an's Poetry Review: This poem has the meaning of using the title to play, and the interpreter must start with the title of Jinse, so I think hard about the combination. How can I understand this sentence?
Qu Fu's Poems Born in Yuxi in Qing Dynasty: The Year of Inspiring China's Thinking with "No Reason". Form 4 is very tight. 7. The word "this situation" should be followed by the words "treatable" and "legitimate", and the word "unprovoked" should be answered from a distance. One, Master Xing. Second, a main sentence. Form 4 all inherited the "China Thinking Year". Seven or eight summary. Poetry is the same as "untitled", and friends may not know its meaning.
Xue Xue's "A Spoon of Poetry" in Qing Dynasty: This poem is all about the word "unprovoked", which is the beauty of the whole body. Yi Yun: One string and one column of the golden harp are enough to disappoint people. Somehow, there are so many strings and columns, which makes people feel disappointed. It seems to blame Jinse for having this string column for no reason, which makes it look disappointed for no reason. That is, if you are born, you will also be fascinated by dreams; The soul is Du Yu, still longing for love. The pearls in the sea are just tears; Lantian jade gas, like smoke. Touching this feeling, I was forced to go back, and everything at that time was disconsolate. I am happy and sad about Jinse, sighing and anxious for no reason. With this experience, the spirit of poetry is vividly on the paper.