Introduction to the work
"The Tomb of the East Gate" is an ancient poem in "Guo Feng" in "The Book of Songs". The ancient and modern understandings of the theme of this article are relatively consistent. Although the "Preface to Mao's Poems" is labeled with the word "thorn chaos", it does not deny that it is written about "men and women rushing to each other without being polite". Zheng Jian even more clearly stated that this is ?Words about women wanting to run to men?. Fang Yurun's "The Original Book of Songs" believes that it relies on the love between men and women to write the meaning of monarch, minister and friends, without leaving the "love between men and women". For more appreciation articles on the Book of Songs, please pay attention to the Appreciation Column of the Book of Songs on the Xigutang Chinese Studies Network.
Comparison of original text, translation and annotations
Translation and annotations of "The Book of Songs? Zheng Feng? Dongmen Zhixian"
Explanation: Write about a woman's unrequited love. Original Translation Annotation East Gate Gate, ①
Ru Xian was in Han. ②
His room is close, ③
His person is far away.
Li from the east gate,
Youjian’s family.
Don’t you think about it? ④
If the son is not there, I will be the same. ⑤ There is a square near the east gate, and madder grows along the hillside.
His home is very close to mine,
but the person seems to be far away.
Chestnuts are planted near the east gate.
The houses are lined up.
How can I not miss you?
It’s just you who doesn’t want to get close to you. ①堠(sh?n good): earth flat, leveled land.
②Ru He (r? lǘ Ru donkey): the name of grass. That is madder, which can be dyed red. Han (bǎn board): hillside.
③near: near.
④Youjian: Same as "jianjian", the appearance of neat rows.
⑤That is: just, close.
F-089 East Gate Gate
In the Dongmen Gate, Ru Xian is in Han. His room is close, but his people are far away.
The chestnut in the east gate has a good family. Don’t you think about it? If the son is not there, I will.
Notes
1. 堠 (kind sh?n): land that has been cleared and leveled. Yi Zuo "Altar". ?堠? is like ?垣?, referring to the embankment.
2. Ruhe (such as green r? lǜ): madder, crimson dye.
3. Ban (ban bǎn): slope. The first two sentences say that there is a dike outside the east gate, there is a bank on the bank, and there is madder on the bank.
4. Jian: Qi, refers to the orderly arrangement. "Ji Zhuan": Jian, arranged appearance. ?
5. Family: refers to the heroine’s own living room in the poem.
6. That is: contact.
Explanation and original text
This is a love poem, written by a woman. She and Suo Si lived close together, but they were very distant. She was looking at him, blaming him for not coming. (It can also be used as a word for men and women to express their gratitude.)
Modern translation by Yu Guanying
Along the long embankment at the east gate, madder grows on the slope. The house is so close, but the man is so far away.
The chestnut tree is next to the east gate, and the huts are neatly arranged. Why don't you want to come? I expected you to come but you refused.
Vernacular translation
There is a square outside the east gate, and madder grows on the hillside. Although the two houses are close to each other, the people seem to be far away.
There is a chestnut plant outside the east gate. There is a house that is so neat. Don't I miss you? I'm anxious if you don't look for me.
For more articles on appreciation of the Book of Songs, please pay attention to the Appreciation Column of the Book of Songs on the Xigutang Chinese Studies Network. ()
Explanation
The ancient and modern understandings of the theme of this article are relatively consistent. Although the "Preface to Mao's Poems" is labeled with the word "thorn chaos", it does not deny that it is about "men and women". There is content about running towards each other without being polite, and Zheng Jian even more clearly stated that this is a reference to a woman wanting to run towards a man. Fang Yurun's "The Original Book of Songs" believes that it relies on the love between men and women to write the meaning of monarch, minister and friends, without leaving the "love between men and women". Only Fu Heng's "Poetic Meaning Zhezhong" has a special view, thinking that it is written about "Thinking of a Hermit". He said: "A wise man does not serve as an official but hides in the garden. He divides the land outside the east gate into a moor and plants ashes in the Pei, and then writes room among them. The poet knows that he is a virtuous person, so he praises and sighs about it. I thought that the room was at the east gate. Even though it was very close, the person's intention was that it was far away and could not be reached. ?It seems to be self-supporting, so I recorded it for examination. Nowadays, most people think of it as a love song, in which there are male lyrics, female lyrics, or male and female lyrics. Now based on the theory of "women's poems", we regard what is written in the poem as a woman's unrequited love.
The first two sentences of the two chapters of this poem should be combined. The poet points out the residence and surrounding environment of the man she is passionately in love with. The poet loves the house and the bird. How beautiful and charming it is here in his mind! Following her affectionate gaze, we can see the open land in the east of the city, which was opened up manually. Needless to say, it also has the hard work and sweat of her loved ones. Perhaps because of this, she is One word in particular is used. There was a hillside next to the earth flat. Madder grew all along the hillside, and there were dense shady millet trees nearby. The cabin of her sweetheart, who she had longed for, was located among them. She stared at it, thinking wildly. The roots of madder are the best material for dyeing wedding dresses in bright red, and chestnut bark is also something people use in marriage. This unavoidably touched her sensitive nerves, and she couldn't help but tell the truth about herself. This is the inner confession of the last two sentences of the two-chapter poem: In the first chapter, the poet complains about the one he loves? His room is close, but his person is far away? According to common sense, if the owner has not gone out, the room is close to the people, but this saying "the room is close to the people far away", how abnormal! The first sentence is real writing, talking about the real spatial distance, while the second sentence focuses on emotional experience, talking about the psychological distance formed by the poet's subconscious drive.
From the two sentences in the next chapter, we can see that the reason for this psychological distance is: "If you don't think about it, you will be without me." ?The poet has unrequited love. Although I miss him, he is merciless to me, so I feel that he is so far away. From the contrast between the home and the far away, it shows the poet's grievance of wasted emotions and the pain of lost love. Compared with speaking directly, it seems to be simple and euphemistic. There is an exquisite analysis in Yao Jiheng's "The Book of Songs". He said: "The room is close, but the people are far away." Compared with what is quoted in "The Analects of Confucius", don't you think, the room is far away, but the victory is much. He said "the room is far away", but this person said "the room is far away", and the word "far away" belongs to people, who have good spiritual skills. Moreover, there is not a single word "si" in the eight characters, so it feels like it is nothing but thinking, which is particularly wonderful. The word "thinking" is revealed in the next chapter. If you don't have me, you will be right to understand that people are far away. Also, if you see that people are far away, it is not the fruit that is far away.
?(Jiang Lipu)