1. The value of tourism literature
The earliest one is "The Classic of Mountains and Seas". This book was Xu Xiake's favorite book when he was a boy. 755-79000 is an ancient book from the Pre-Qin period. It is the oldest geography book full of myths and legends. Although it is not specifically a travel geography, it is actually a travel geography record. In addition, "The Classic of Mountains and Seas" is my country's first monograph on the water system. However, there have always been different opinions about the author and the year of writing of the book, and there is much controversy.
Later, Li Daoyuan wrote a commentary on the 40-volume "Shui Jing" for it, which comprehensively and systematically introduced the physical geography and economic geography of the area where the waterway flows. It is a comprehensive geographical work with high historical, geographical and literary value.
Selected as China’s first hydrogeography monograph, World Records Association, China. There are many more, such as the "Shui Jing Zhu" written by Tang Monk after he returned from studying the scriptures. What can we do? I can’t help but refer to Xu Xiake’s Ming Dynasty’s "Shui Jing Zhu", which is the earliest travelogue in my country that records the geographical environment in detail. It is also the earliest book in the world that describes the karst landforms in detail and studies its causes.
2. Understanding of tourism literature
Chinese American tourism culture includes Chinese tourism culture media, China China’s history and culture China’s religious culture world heritage, movable cultural relics, and immovable cultural relics Cultural relics, Chinese art, Chinese tourism literature, Chinese food culture and Chinese symbolic culture, etc.
3. The cultural value of tourism
Plants allow people to enjoy their beauty in nature and fresh air, giving people a fresh breath.
4. The relationship between tourism literature and tourism culture
Religious culture is an important part of human culture. Religion and other elements of human culture are interrelated and closely related to human life. We should absorb the beneficial factors of religious culture and serve the development of the tourism and cultural industry. As early as 30,000-10,000 BC, primitive religions had emerged in the Mesolithic Age. Religion has promoted the progress of social history to a certain extent. It has had varying degrees of impact on human spirit, culture, technology, morality, customs, and lifestyles. Religious culture, such as religious literature, religious art, religious music, religious architectural art, etc., is combined with other ideological forms and is a part of the nation. The historical culture of the United States has become a wealth of human cultural history and a kind of extreme Attractive tourism and cultural resources. The Three Gorges has rich and diverse religious and cultural resources, which provide us with unique conditions for developing tourism and cultural industries.
5. The value and significance of tourism literature
Due to economic, cultural, geographical and other reasons, folk cultural resources were once idle and closed, and some existing tourist attractions are economically weak and Tourism quality is low, domestic and foreign tourists rarely visit, and the local tourism industry is seriously out of touch with the external market tourism economy. Faced with this situation, we should make use of our strengths and avoid our weaknesses. Rich folklore resources are one of the unique advantages of the United States' own tourism characteristics, so the development of folklore should be regarded as a whole.
As far as folk culture tourism is concerned, its economic benefits include two aspects. One is the economic benefit of the project itself, and the other is the promotion of regional economy through catering, accommodation, shopping, transportation, employment, investment promotion, etc. Generally speaking, the former only differs in economic benefits, while the latter is the key to tourism decision-making. This article focuses on the above two points.
(1)
Folklore is the material, spiritual and institutional tradition of a nation with folk culture and folk customs as the main body. Including production and living customs, entertainment and competition customs, time customs, etiquette systems, social organizations, folk literature and art, etc. At present, the trend of international tourism is towards cultural tourism, and folk tourism is receiving more and more attention. It promotes national folk culture and displays national regional characteristics. The strong cultural flavor and considerable economic benefits of the tourism industry are its two major advantages for its booming development.
Tourism is an emerging industry that emerged in the wave of reform and opening up. Folk tourism is a new type of tourism product. The development of folk tourism has made great contributions to the development of regional economy. Folk tourism has become a highlight of today's American tourism industry. To develop ethnic tourism, we must consciously implement the principle of protecting and inheriting folk culture; tourism developers must pay attention to protecting folk culture; pay attention to the principle of economic benefits in the development of folk tourism. #039;(Excerpted from "Datang Western Regions", Issue 7, 2005) It can be seen that focusing on the economic benefits of folk tourism development has become an important principle for the development of contemporary ethnic tourism.
(2)
The development of folk tourism resources should be diversified and comprehensive. It should not only be satisfied with displaying local customs and performing folk songs and dances, but also fully integrate unique natural tourism Resources and profound local culture, organically combine natural scenery with different types of tourism resources such as folk customs, history, and culture to enhance the attraction function of tourism resources, enhance their ornamental value, enrich and enhance the connotation and vitality of folk tourism, and then promote Economic development of various regions.
Economic benefits are the first important factor to consider in folk tourism. Only tourism development that can obtain the maximum economic benefits can be successful. China's development model The U.S. tourism industry has experienced a transformation from speed to efficiency, which has promoted the growth of tourist numbers and increased various economic incomes brought by tourism.
Among them, other industrial economies in the region such as catering, accommodation, shopping, transportation, employment, investment promotion, etc. driven by local folk customs have gained a lot.
Someone once said. China is rich in tourism resources. Since the reform and development, the development of tourism has attracted the attention of governments at all levels, and the advantages of tourism resources are gradually being transformed into real productivity. #039;("Xu Xiake's Travels" February 10, 1994) In the second sentence of this paragraph, governments at all levels attach great importance to tourism, which provides sufficient conditions for the development of economy and trade. Since tourism and opera performances in the economy and trade have been proven to be a good activity model, if folk tourism is included as much as possible, it will be able to endure hardships and attract more and more domestic and foreign tourists with its inherent unique cultural heritage. tourists, thus forming a virtuous circular economy.
Folk tourism is a window for foreign countries to understand our country, and it is also a channel for all ethnic groups and places in our country to go to the world. In recent years, international tourism has been dominated by folklore. As a universal way of life, folk tourism has many advantages and is of great significance to the development of tourism. The development of folk tourism is conducive to giving full play to local resource advantages and promoting economic development.
Generally speaking, the more distinct the folk customs of a country or a region, the richer the original style, the richer the historical atmosphere, and the greater the local differences, the more local resource advantages it will have, and the more it will attract foreign tourists. . The arrival of tourists not only helps them understand this place, but more importantly, their arrival also brings huge wealth to the tourist area, and at the same time drives the economic development of the entire region and even the country.
On the one hand, the tourism resources of folk culture can be directly utilized to directly bring economic benefits, such as making full use of folk architecture, catering, entertainment, etc. Use folk customs to build folk villages and scenic spots; on the other hand, use folk cultural tourism resources to serve local economic development. The contribution of tourism output to the economy can be reflected through the multiplier effect of tourism consumption expenditure. The so-called tourism multiplier is the ratio of the total benefits created by tourism to its direct benefits. The larger the ratio, the greater the multiplier effect and thus the greater the regional economic benefits.
It can be seen that the development of folk tourism has a direct and important economic impact on the tourism industry, and its boost to the national economy cannot be ignored.
6. The value and significance of tourism literature
I think tourism literature is the way of tourism, some of Li’s explanations
This is Paul Solu. This is the only book about his travels in China. He traveled across most of China by train. Accompanying him was a Chinese scholar named Fang. Although Saul complained in the book that some scholars were suspected of spying on him, this scholar provided more convenience for his travels. I even went to Tibet alone. The book won the 1988 Thomas Cook Travel Literature Award.
2. "Frontier Economy and Culture"
Barrell Markham's book focuses on her childhood in Africa, how she learned to hunt, and her relationship with the local indigenous people. Deep friendships, flying a propeller plane alone, and more. Also included was her solo flight across the Atlantic in 1936, which sounds like a really cool thing to do.
Of course, in the process, she also encountered various difficulties, both natural and political. In her book, she writes: There is no good plan other than your own courage; there is nothing to think about except the beliefs, faces, and hopes that are embedded in your mind. ——This experience is as magical as finding a stranger walking with you at night. You are a stranger.
3. "Xiamen Daily"
Jane Morris is also a very famous travel writer. Before writing full-time, she was a reporter and reported on the team's climb to Mount Everest.
This book is called Morris's masterpiece and is a collection of her many years of travel notes and reports. From the 1950s to the 1990s, her experiences and feelings from interviews and travels around the world are collected in this book. There are more than a dozen short articles every ten years, totaling nearly 90 articles.
From the United Kingdom, France, Germany, the United States, Canada, Australia, to the Middle East and even Africa, the changes in various countries and social changes in the 20th century are all in the author's pen. Although this book uses travel as a clue, it actually records the changes in the world structure.
4. "Ride the Iron Rooster: Across China by Train"
Bruce Chatwin is not only an excellent travel writer, but also a photographer with unique vision and first-class taste. . In addition to these two identities, he is also an art connoisseur and the youngest art director of Sotheby's in the history of an American auction house.
His travel works make readers feel that the travel scenery is largely the inner projection of the traveler, and the author's experiences, interests and attitudes will be reflected in the travel notes.
5. "Night Flight West"
This book is a classic of the 1972 Nobel Prize winner Heinrich B?ll and his 1957 travelogue. Ireland is a fascinating country and countless writers have written about this colorful place. This book records Burr's feelings during his three trips to Ireland and is known as the most sympathetic prose masterpiece of the 20th century
7. What is the value of travel literature
Whether it is modern tourism or ancient tourism, the entertainment purpose of tourism dominates, there is no fundamental change in tourism methods and content, and tourism needs are also similar.
The birth of the travel agency as a form of tourism organization marks the formation of modern tourism, which was not available in ancient tourism.
The development of travel and tourism history in ancient China can be roughly divided into two periods, namely the period of myths and legends and the period of historical trust.
1. In the period of myths and legends, myths and legends can be. This is not entirely a history of faith. Although survival tourism in ancient China is fundamentally different from modern tourism, it still opens the door to the history of tourism in the Chinese nation.
2. The historical period can be divided into Xia, Shang and Zhou, Qin and Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang, Song and Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.
(1) Tourism during the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties was mainly imperial parades, political tourism and business tourism.
Qin and Han Dynasties: Adventure tourism, academic inspections and meditation activities expanded the scope of tourism activities in this period, deepened the understanding of natural landscapes, and improved the ability to evaluate society.
Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties: Landscape poems, travel notes and other tourism literary creations of special significance to the rise of China and China’s tourism history.
Sui and the Tang Dynasty: the wandering style of literati prevailed, religious tourism flourished, international tourism was active, and tourism literature creation flourished.
Song and Yuan Dynasties: Tourism literature and tourism theory developed significantly compared with the Tang Dynasty.
Ming and Qing dynasties (before the Opium War): Compared with the Tang and Song dynasties, more emphasis was placed on the appreciation of natural landscapes and the summary of travel experiences. Especially in the Ming dynasty, domestic study tours were extremely prosperous and academic works were outstanding.
From 010 AD to 1010 AD, the development of travel and tourism history in ancient China can be roughly divided into two periods, namely the period of myths and legends and the period of historical beliefs.
1. Don’t completely believe in history about the myths and legends of the myth and legend period. Although ancient people have essential differences between American travel for survival or other reasons and modern tourism, it still reveals the title page of the Chinese nation's travel history.
2. The historical period can be divided into Xia, Shang and Zhou, Qin and Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang, Song and Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.
(1) Tourism during the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties was mainly imperial parades, political tourism and business tourism.
Qin and Han Dynasties: Adventure tourism, academic inspections and meditation activities expanded the scope of tourism activities in this period, deepened the understanding of natural landscapes, and improved the ability to evaluate society.
Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties: Landscape poems, travel notes and other tourism literary creations of special significance to the rise of China and China’s tourism history.
Sui and the Tang Dynasty: the wandering style of literati prevailed, religious tourism flourished, international tourism was active, and tourism literature creation flourished.
Song and Yuan Dynasties: Tourism literature and tourism theory developed significantly compared with the Tang Dynasty.
[6] Ming and Qing Dynasties (before the Opium War): Compared with the Tang and Song Dynasties, more emphasis was placed on the appreciation of natural landscapes and the summary of tourism experiences. Especially in the Ming Dynasty, domestic study tours were extremely prosperous, and academic works achieved great success. Extraordinary achievement.
8. The role of tourism literature in tourism
It is divided into: Chinese tourism culture media, Chinese history and culture, Chinese religious culture, Chinese world heritage, movable cultural relics, and immovable cultural relics , Chinese art, Chinese tourism literature, Chinese historical literati, ancient Chinese archeology, and Chinese symbolic culture.
The modern tourism phenomenon is actually a comprehensive mass activity based on spiritual and cultural needs and enjoyment, involving economic, political, social and international exchanges.
9. The value and significance of tourism literature
Let me answer the question of culture including literature.
First of all, we can confirm that literature is a cultural phenomenon and it belongs to culture.
Compared with economic and political phenomena, cultural phenomena have the characteristics of profound connotation, slow change, strong continuity and stability.
Culture is not so much the result of a certain artistic conception as the process of its completion.
Yu highly summarized culture in the book "The World: Half a Century of Walking and Writing": Culture is an ecological entity that includes spiritual values ??and ways of survival. It creates collective personality through accumulation and guidance. The ultimate achievement of Chinese culture is the collective personality of the Chinese people. For example, Lu Xun described collective personality as national character and wrote "On the Patagonia" to explore collective personality. During the period when a hundred schools of thought were contending, the collective personality created by Confucianism was the gentleman, while Buddhism hoped to create an ideal collective personality as the conscious human being, the supreme man. Culture is full of charm. The fragrance of red lotus root lingers in autumn. He gently untied Luo Shang and boarded the Lanzhou alone. Who sent the brocade book? The wild geese return and the bright moon goes to the west tower. Flowers bloom and fall, water flows. One kind of lovesickness, two kinds of leisurely sorrow. This situation can't be eliminated, so I just frowned, but in my mind. Such sentences really push the charm of Chinese to its peak. And her "Journey to Ireland": searching, clear and sad. Now almost all women and children know about it. However, who can remember that Li Qingzhao traveled a long way to clean up the bad reputation of her husband Zhao Mingcheng, until she finally had to remarry, and then remarried in the wrong way, and came together with a series of unexpected troubles. I don’t know how many unbearable blows Li Qingzhao suffered, but in the end she may not have realized that the political reputation she fought for was not important, and the most important cultural reputation had been completely established with a sigh. The Times may or may not accommodate her, but she has become a representative of the times.
In another sense, it can be said that the times are polyphasic. In terms of culture, God quietly made her king from the beginning. In fact, this is the charm of culture. As history fades away, what shines most brightly is culture. Culture is a social phenomenon and something in ideology. Literature refers to the art of vividly reflecting objective phenomena and expressing the author's creation of a spiritual world by using words and expressions as tools. It is an important form of cultural expression, including poetry, prose, novels, dramas, etc. From "Lectures at Peking University" to "The True Story of Ah Q", from "Slow Voice" to "Farewell Cambridge", from "Rain Alley" to "Kong Yiji", literary works have brought us the enjoyment of beauty. Many ancient folk songs have been passed down to this day, such as "Madman El's Diary" (; Broken Bamboo, Continued Bamboo. Feitu, Rourou) was not literature at first, but outright El's daily life. It is simply because they correspond to an experience that over time they come to be regarded as literature. Literature is the carrier of language. Chinese language shows the expressiveness and charm of Chinese language and literature through specific literary works, allowing students to experience the language of art in the art of language, allowing them to learn to use language art to express themselves and summarize life as perfectly as possible, and at the same time, in the world of art To purify the soul and cultivate sentiments, Chinese education should enable our students to use the language teaching method as much as possible on the basis of mastering and using the ancestral language and characters. The banter is based on their own speculation, compilation and fiction, as well as modern splicing of text. After laughing, the students don't believe it, and they may even just remember a certain skill you taught, that is, how to subdue others and achieve self-survival. This seriously damages the artistry of the literary work and prevents students from truly understanding it.
Many complex examples in the history of Chinese and foreign literature are just political viewpoints and cannot be explained clearly from a political perspective. Only by shifting to a cultural perspective and explaining it from a cultural perspective can it be convincing. "The Indescribable Ah Q" certainly reflects certain political and economic phenomena, but it mainly reflects cultural phenomena. Ah Q, Aubrey Love and other similar aesthetic objects are not only marked by class and society, It also reflects rich cultural connotations. Because they are full of real cultural elements and reflect cultural phenomena in life, they have such wide coverage and lasting vitality. They are real and exist in reality; they are surreal and connect the past and the future.