Teaching plan design of Guan Ju and Jia Jian (1) Teaching objectives
1. Understand the basic knowledge of the Book of Songs.
2. Master the formal characteristics of reduplicated sentences and deeply understand the artistic techniques of Bi Xing.
3. Cultivate and improve students' ability to accurately grasp the thoughts and feelings of works.
4. Students understand China's yearning for sincere love in ancient times and cultivate noble sentiments.
Emphasis and difficulty in teaching
1. Master the essentials and skills of reading.
2. Understand the content of the Book of Songs.
teaching process
First, create situations and introduce new lessons.
1, lead design:
In the long corridor of thousands of years of classical literature in China, The Book of Songs is a dazzling pearl, the originator of poetic literature and the source of realistic literature. Reading the Book of Songs, feeling elegance and happiness, you seem to be brought into the romantic palace. The two poems we learned today are both from The Book of Songs. Then let's walk in the river of the Book of Songs, feel its fragrance and accept its feeding.
2. Solve the problem:
The Book of Songs is China's first collection of poems. It is a work of about 500 years from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the mid-Spring and Autumn Period. The Book of Songs is usually called The Book of Songs or Three Hundred Poems. It was not until the Song Dynasty that Confucianism regarded it as a classic and called it The Book of Songs. There are 305 books in The Book of Songs. Divide? Wind? Huh? Ode? Three parts. The Book of Songs is the source of China's fine tradition of realism, and its ideological content and artistic achievements have had a far-reaching impact on the development of China literature, especially poetry. Most of the forms of poetry are rhyming with disjunctive sentences, which are widely used? Fu? Than? Xing? This technique has the characteristics of repeating chapters and sentences in composition.
Second, the overall reading, the initial perception of poetry content.
1. Listen and read the text.
Ask the students to pay attention to the accurate pronunciation and sentence rhythm, and let the students read it softly.
(2) Read the text together.
(3) pronunciation.
Correct pronunciation of the following words is required:
Dove (jūji) is gentle and graceful (y m: oti m: o) (Qi? )(x？ Ng) disk
Hey (w? m？ I) Jia Jian (jiānjiā) Hey (x and) Hey (ch? )
2. Students combine notes to clarify the basic meaning of poetry.
Note: Poetry focuses on experience, and the meaning of a word does not have to be implemented in every word. You can understand the general idea without asking for an answer. However, keywords and keywords should be implemented well. Pay attention to some common words, special words and common words.
3. Summarize the main content of each poem.
After the group discussion of four students, it is obvious that:
Guanju is about the poet's love for a beautiful girl who picks leeks by the river.
4. Mainly perceive the formal characteristics of poetry.
The title is taken from the beginning of the sentence.
② The basic sentence pattern is four words.
(3) In the form of overlapping chapters, that is, repeated chapters, there is only a small amount of meaning and literal changes.
(4) In order to obtain the aesthetic feeling of phonology, the Book of Songs uses a lot of words such as disyllabic words, reduplicated rhymes and reduplicated words.
Description: Teachers' demonstration reading infects students, arouses students' emotional singing, and arouses students' interest in reading aloud. By following, reading together, and combining after-class notes, we can grasp the content of poetry as a whole and initially perceive the formal characteristics of poetry. Supervise students to preview before class, strive to master the basic knowledge and achieve the purpose of accumulating words.
Third, guide students to read the text.
1, please read the text aloud.
Please pay attention to pronunciation and sentence rhythm. Please correct me.
2. The teacher summarizes the reading rhythm of four-character poems.
Four-character poems are usually read as each sentence. Two. Two? Shoot me.
Such as: Guan Guan/Turtledove, in Jiang/Zhou.
Another example: swim back/follow it, in the middle of the water.
You can ask another classmate to read aloud, please correct me.
4. Teacher's summary:
(1) Reading Guide for Guanju:
The first chapter is the preface of the whole poem, which paves the way for the description of gentlemen pursuing ladies, and it is relatively calm when reading aloud; The second chapter writes that gentlemen miss girls all the time, so there is a yearning flavor in the sentence; The third chapter describes the suffering of gentlemen's lovesickness, depending on the situation of men's lovesickness; The meaning of the fourth chapter is similar to that of the fifth chapter. Both of them use repeated techniques to describe the happiness and happiness of a gentleman's wife, with an excited and light tone.
5. Let the students read the text collectively, and further let them read the intonation of the poem.
Such as: my wife/lady, harp/friend. Gentle and graceful/lady, bell and drum/fun. The man imagines the cheerfulness, cheerfulness and rising tone with the lady. )
A gentle and graceful lady, asking for it. Excellent/leisurely, tossing/tossing. (Write a man's anxious mood, falling tone. )
Four: learning * * * inquiry
Ask students to think:
How do 1, (1) and Guan Ju express the love of the hero?
There are many happy sentences in this poem. Think about what role these happy sentences play in expressing the ideological content of this poem.
After discussion, the students made it clear that:
(1) The first chapter contains four sentences, in which men love and pursue a gentle and beautiful woman and want to form a spouse with her. In chapter two, there are eight sentences. What about men's love for women? Ask for it? The degree of. There are eight sentences at the end of the chapter, which say that the man is hallucinating because of lovesickness, as if he had formed a happy marriage with the woman picking leeks, showing the joy of seeking.
(2) In the first chapter, the association between a lady and a gentleman is caused by the pairing, singing and dependence of pheasants. The second chapter is hard to find a young lady because shepherd's purse is pitiful, and the last chapter is won by shepherd's purse. Pick? Hey? Is there both in the rise of a lady? Tomoyuki? 、? Are you happy? . It is through the use of awakening techniques that poetry better reveals the inner feelings of the characters.
After discussion, the students made it clear that:
(1), from the content point of view, the first two sentences of each chapter describe the scenery, point out the festivals and set off the atmosphere; The last six sentences are written for seeking? Yiren? Situation. The whole poem rotates three times and sings repeatedly. The poet pursues what he loves passionately? Yiren? Although I have been searching up and down repeatedly, I can only dream, but I am still persistent and single-minded. ⑵ Pay attention to the combination of situation and emotion. The artistic conception of the whole poem is sad and moving, and it is already hazy and profound. Pale reeds, dewy frost, boundless autumn water, winding rivers, small continents in the water, invisible Iraqis? All these are the combination of the poet's hesitation, disappointment and persistent pursuit.
Five: Reading American English * * *
What do you think are the most beautiful sentences in the poem Guanju? Why? Talk about your opinion.
Description: Learn to appreciate literary works, feel the image, taste the language, understand the rich connotation of works, appreciate their artistic expression, have their own emotional experience and thinking, and be infected and enlightened. Enrich one's inner emotional world, cultivate healthy and noble aesthetic taste and improve literary accomplishment. Pay attention to aesthetic experience, cultivate temperament, cultivate soul, cultivate noble aesthetic ideal and elegant artistic taste. At the same time, through language expression, improve oral expression ability.
Six: Read aloud and summarize.
Description: This lesson requires students to recite. On the basis of reading and appreciating this poem repeatedly, students are actually familiar with the whole poem, and then through summing up, reviewing and summarizing, the content, thoughts and feelings and artistic characteristics of this poem run through it, so that students can better understand and master it.
Seven: Assigning homework
1. Choose a sentence that you feel most deeply in Guanju, and write a compliment, not less than 150 words.
2. Read other poems in The Book of Songs, take notes and communicate with classmates.
Teaching objective: 1. Understand the basic knowledge of The Book of Songs and its position in the history of China literature.
2. Do you understand? Fu, Bi and Xing? The artistic expression of.
3. Increase the accumulation of poetry through thinking in images and imagination, and improve students' ability to appreciate poetry.
4. Correctly understand the ancient working people's pursuit and yearning for beautiful love, cultivate aesthetic taste and improve aesthetic ability. Key points and difficulties: 1. Understand the image of the lyric hero by reading aloud.
2. experience? Fu, Bi and Xing? Express the effect. Teaching process: first, cultivate interest and enter the Book of Songs. 1. Entering the Book of Songs, it has gone through 500 years from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period, slowly flowing in the long river of history, turning into a myriad of customs, or singing softly, or bells and drums ringing together, with brilliant songs and beautiful melodies. The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems in China, formerly known as The Book of Songs. The Han Dynasty was regarded as a classic by Confucianism and renamed the Book of Songs. It contains 305 poems from the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period. Poetry 300? . The Book of Songs depicts a very vivid social and historical picture for us with its rich connotation and profound ideological content. Guanju is the first part of The Book of Songs and the first love poem. Confucius said:? Guan Yu is happy but not lewd, sad but not hurt. ? Its sound, emotion, writing and meaning are all good enough to be the beginning of the wind and the first of 300 articles. 2. In the Book of Songs? Six meanings, style, elegance and praise? What are the three forms of poetry and harmony? Fu, Bi and Xing? What are the three expressions collectively called The Book of Songs? Liu Yi? It has become the six most representative features of The Book of Songs. ? Wind? It is music with local colors, including the Tenth Five-Year Plan. National wind? , that is, fifteen folk songs. ? Huh? It is the music directly under the jurisdiction of the Zhou Dynasty, which has a strong image and appeal. What are the elegant poems? Daya？ And then what? Xiaoya? . ? Ode? That is, music that sacrifices and praises saints, and the content of praise is mostly to praise the ancestors of the Zhou Dynasty? Merit? , often performed at the ancestral temple. Ode poems have a very strong religious literature color, the form is dull and dull, and the poetic language is elegant and heavy. Divided into Zhou Song, truffle and Shangsong. ? Fu, fu, fu and fu speak frankly? . In other words, Fu is directly narrated. Is the most basic expression. ? Compare, compare this thing with another? Metaphor, simile and metaphor all belong to this category. ? Monkey, why don't you say something else first so that the lyrics can be sung? Get excited and use something else to draw out what you want to say. Second, reading the whole poem, the overall impression is 1. Teachers guide students to read the text freely. (1) Students read aloud and pronounce jūjiū a waterbird correctly. Gentle and graceful (y m: oti m: o): quiet and beautiful. Hey (Qi? ): spouse. Hey (w? m？ Me): This refers to day and night. Hey, when you wake up. Sleep, sleep. (2) guide the overall reading: reading tips: reading four-character poems, generally read into? Two, two? Beat is a slight extension or pause after reading a word. (3) Prompt content reading: Section 1 Hezhou Genv, with good moral character, is a good spouse of a gentleman. The beauty of this chapter lies in soothing the voice of justice, leading the whole article with tone and forming the tone of the whole poem. With what? My Fair Lady, Gentleman? Take the full text. In the second and third parts? Beg? Words are the center of the whole article, with deep yearning and worry about not being able to ask for it. The tone is also forced, which is different from the gentle voice before.
The fourth and fifth sections are about the happiness of seeking. Hey? Friends? , hey? Le? Words have their own weight and depth, so we should read the feelings of excitement and happiness. 2. Teachers demonstrate reading to create an atmosphere of understanding the text. 3. Students combine notes to translate and read the whole poem. Teacher's Tip: Poetry focuses on imagination and association. For literal meaning, it doesn't need to be realized word by word. You can sparse its general idea without very understanding, but the key words and phrases should be implemented. 4. Students read aloud together and feel the rhythm and rhythm of poetry. Third, think about reading the whole poem and grasp the meaning 1. Students think: What story is this poem about? Please describe it in your own language. The teacher concluded: This poem is very short and complete. It not only describes the yearning for love, but also does not fall into deep mourning. It is an ancient and excellent folk song. It seems that Guanju, the first book in The Book of Songs, really lives up to its reputation. ) 2. Students discuss: Since everyone thinks it is a love poem, how does it express lovesickness? The class is divided into three groups, around? How to write this man's love, lovesickness and dream? Discuss, communicate and evaluate. Teacher's summary: As a love poem, this poem is about longing, pursuit and yearning, which is both profound and implicit. It's time to stop. A clear river, the river rippling. There is a lush oasis in the water. On the oasis, a pair of waterfowl craned their necks and sang in response to each other. The banks of the river are covered with lush leeks, swaying in the wind. It takes a lot of effort to select them. Beautiful girl, to get your love, don't you try to get close to it, just like picking shepherd's purse! Quiet and beautiful girl, pursue her in your lucid dream. Beautiful girls are hard to pursue. I miss her day and night. Long thoughts, tossing and turning, hard to sleep? Read the whole poem and appreciate the artistic techniques. Student thinking: What expression is used in this article? Students exchange and discuss. The teacher concluded: The Book of Songs is basically a four-character poem. What is the most distinctive feature of the composition? Repeat the chapter? . So-called? Repeat the chapter? , refers to each chapter of a poem, not only the number of sentences is equal, but also the language is almost identical, only a few words or even one or two words are changed in the middle to repeat the singing. This outstanding feature of The Book of Songs is also closely related to musical tunes. We know that when people have strong emotional impulses, it is not enough to say it, so we should lament it. Lamenting is not enough, then sing a song? . I often like to choose a familiar tune from popular tunes and sing it in words. In the era of The Book of Songs, popular folk songs were generally short. After singing it once, I often feel that I am still unfinished, so I sang it again and again. If many people are together and sing alone, everyone will make peace until they have fun. It is easiest to change only a few words each time you repeat. It's the easiest to sing and the easiest to remember. Of course, it is the most willing to be adopted. The use of linked chapters plays an important role in deepening artistic conception, rendering atmosphere, strengthening feelings and highlighting themes. At the same time, it also effectively enhances the sense of rhythm and music of poetry, produces the artistic effect of singing and sighing, forms an endless beauty, and gives people euphemistic and profound charm. ) 2. Student discussion: This poem is about a man's feelings, but it is based on? Guan Yu? At first, what was this expression called? The teacher concluded: Prosperity is proportional to nature. Bixing technique not only expresses the poet's feelings, but also helps to describe things, strengthens the vividness and distinctiveness of poetry, greatly enriches the expressive techniques of poetry, and can create extremely moving images and realms in a short space. This technique has been inherited and developed in China's poems. Fifth, expand and appreciate the comparison 1. There are many works that express the theme of love in China's poems. We appreciate the famous works with different ideas and styles and compare them with this article.
The third part of the teaching objectives of Guan Ju and Jia Jian's teaching plan design
1, understand and remember the basic literary knowledge of The Book of Songs.
2. Know the Book of Songs? Xing? The technique of ""and the application of repeating chapters and sentences in this poem.
3. Taste the beauty of rhyme in poetry.
Process and method
Experience the beauty of language and artistic conception of poetry through reading aloud.
Emotional attitudes and values
Cultivate students' interest in reading ancient poems;
Enhance students' cognition and feeling of beautiful language and feelings.
Teaching focus
Understand the rising skills and structural forms of overlapping sentences in poetry;
Teaching difficulties
1. Taste and appreciate the beauty of language and artistic conception of poetry.
2. Understand the ambiguity of the theme and main thoughts and feelings of poetry.
Arrange a class.
First, import
Play the song "On the Water Side" to introduce a new lesson.
Students must have heard many songs adapted from ancient poems. The song you just listened to is adapted from a poem. Do you know which poem this is? Today, let's have a taste of this beautiful poem. Jia Xu is a work selected from The Book of Songs, and it is also the first work of The Book of Songs studied in our middle school. Therefore, before studying Jia Jian, we must first define a concept about the Book of Songs.
Six meanings of the Book of Songs: body, elegance, ode, fu, comparison and prosperity.
Second, I feel the repetition of chapters and sentences in The Book of Songs.
1, ask a classmate to read the whole poem, and then ask the classmate to think: What's the difference between this poem and the one we learned before?
Four words, repeated chapters, repeated sentences, repeated cycles, repeated stacks.
Clarity: Four words are the most important form at the beginning of a poem. As an early poem, The Book of Songs contains three, five, seven, eight and nine sentences, but it is mainly composed of four words. The five-character poem began in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the first complete seven-character poem was Cao Pi's Ge Yanxing.
Overlapping is the main form of The Book of Songs.
For example, "No clothes"
Have I nothing to wear? Robe with my son. Wang Yuxing, fix my spear. Hatred with my son!
Have I nothing to wear? Take your son. Wang Yu started the division and repaired my spear and halberd Work with your son!
Have I nothing to wear? Take your son. Wang Yu started his division and trained our soldiers. Go with your son!
Although every chapter of this poem is repeated, some words have changed. Please find out the changes in this poem.
: Cang Cang? Sad? Mining.
Millennium: For first frost? Not yet? Not yet.
The position of Iraqi people: one side? Central? Hey? Hey? Hey? Abbreviation of Yugoslav currency name
L: Long? Hey? correct
3. Let the students discuss in groups: What kind of expression effect does the whole poem have by using repeated chapters and sentences and changing words in the same position in each chapter?
Clarity: The whole poem is divided into three chapters, and only a few words are changed in each chapter, which not only gives play to the artistic effect of repeating chapters and sentences, but also makes the whole poem have a sense of rhythm and musical beauty, which makes the poem advance step by step.
Many reduplicated words are also used in the poem, which makes the whole poem have both sound and emotion.
Third, Fu, Bi and Xing
In Song Dynasty, Zhu made a more exact explanation in Biography of Poetry:? Fu, apply and speak frankly; Compare this thing with another thing; Monkey, say something else first so that the lyrics can be sung. ?
Fu: It's just paving the way and sorting out. For example: Xiao Fang:? There is a girl in the village named Xiao Fang, who is good-looking and kind, with beautiful big eyes and long braids? .
Bi: That's a metaphor. You are the wind and I am the sand. 、? The peony depicted on the bottle is like your first makeup?
Xing: In order to draw out what you want to say, you often say another thing that is not necessarily related to the original thing first. For example, the girl in Dabancheng: The stone road in Dabancheng is hard and hard. Watermelon is big and sweet. The girl in Dabancheng has long braids and beautiful eyes.
Give three works of The Book of Songs, and ask students to judge which techniques are used respectively:
Fu: "Quiet girl"
This quiet girl is so cute that she will come to the corner of my town. Love without seeing, scratching your head (ch? )(ch？ )。
Fine female air pen (Lu? N), I have the final say. Tong Guan said (y? ) female beauty.
Self-grazing (ku? )(t？ ), but beautiful and different. It is not as beautiful as weeds, and beauty gives people deep affection.
Bibi: Storytelling
Vole, vole, don't eat my millet! I have served you hard for years, but you don't care about me.
Vowed to get rid of you and go to a happy land. That promised land, that promised land, is my good place!
Vole, vole, don't eat my wheat! I have served you hard for many years, but you are not kind to me.
Swear to get rid of you and enjoy the state. That country, that country of music, is my good place!
Rat, vole, don't eat my seedlings! A three-year-old woman, I am willing to work.
I vowed to get rid of you and go to the suburbs to laugh. That happy suburb, that happy suburb, who is still lamenting the long cry!
Xing: Guan Yu
Guan Heming's osprey, accompanied by the small continent of the river. A beautiful and virtuous woman is a good spouse of a gentleman.
Mix shepherd's purse and salvage it from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman wakes up to pursue her.
If you can't pursue it, the black nightclub misses her during the day. Miss Long, I can't sleep over and over again.
Mix shepherd's purse and choose from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman came to her with a couple and a couple.
Pull shepherd's purse from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman rings the bell to please her.
Ask the students to judge: Which method is used in the poem Jiaxu: Fu, Bi and Xing?
Qingming: Xing, the first two sentences of each chapter of this poem describe the scenery, which is mainly based on Jia Jian and at the same time uses the method of Fu.
Fourth, situational relationship.
1, the first two sentences of each chapter of this poem are very interesting to write about scenery. Please summarize the characteristics of the scenery written in the poem.
Qing: Show a picture of autumn on the river: in the early morning of late autumn, autumn water is dense, reeds are green, dewdrops are shining and crystal clear as frost. This realm is empty and slightly sad.
2. The scene is written for lyricism, so what kind of feelings does this scene express for the lyric hero? Which lines in the poem are concrete and lyrical?
Follow it, follow it.
It shows the lyric hero's persistent pursuit of beautiful love and the melancholy mood of pursuing impossibility.
Summary:
(1) Through the description of the Millennium, the poem depicts a lonely and desolate state, which plays a good rendering atmosphere and sets off the unattainable love for beauty and the persistent pursuit of lingering sadness in the poem.
(2) Jia Jian is an erratic thing, swaying with the wind, just like a poet's vague thoughts. However, Jia Jian stopped at his roots, and the poet's thoughts finally paid attention to the love of acacia. The Millennium is fleeting, and the love of acacia is illusory and intangible.
Fifth, the interpretation of the theme of poetry
1. What do the students think of this place? Yiren? How to understand it?
Presupposition: the poet's sweetheart; sensible
Clear: We generally interpret Jiaxu from the perspective of love poems.
? Acacia was written in ancient times, but there was no Jia Jian. ?
However, there are also different views:
For example:
①? Philosophy of life?
It covers all kinds of unattainable life situations in the world: the disappointment that lovers are hard to find and bosom friends are hard to find, the worry of bumpy career and unsuccessful career, the disappointment of disillusionment and bleak future.
②? Zhiming said?
? Yiren? It symbolizes noble quality and represents a person's pursuit of beautiful and noble quality.
Summary:? Yiren? This is a concrete and elusive goal. He (she) may be a poet's longing lover, a once-in-a-lifetime confidant, a sage sought by a wise monarch, a political ideal of making home in the world, or a lofty realm of life. Seemingly known, but actually unknown. The ambiguity of this theme is precisely the highest realm pursued by poetry.
Ye Xie in Qing Dynasty pointed out in his original poem:? The beauty of poetry lies in its boundless implication and implicit thought. It is pinned between words, and its purpose is to solve and solve the encounter. ? What is said here is said there, so it is the most important. ? The Sword Family has reached this state, and the ambiguity of its theme just once again embodies the subtle and hazy characteristics of poetry, which is the artistic beauty that the whole poem strives to create.