The legend of Meng Jiangnv is widely circulated among the people in the form of oral inheritance. The earliest legend can be traced back to Zuo Zhuan.
At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Xiang first restated the story of Qi Liang's wife in Zuo Zhuan in The Story of the Martyr, and then he went on to write: Qi Liang's wife had no children, and her family had no relatives. After her husband died, she became withdrawn. Qi Liang's wife "cried on her husband's body at the gate", crying her eyes out, and passers-by were all moved. Ten days later, "the city collapsed." Relevant records in the Tang Dynasty greatly changed the story of Qi Liang's wife. Qi Liang changed from Qi people in the Spring and Autumn Period to Yan people in the Qin Dynasty. Qi Liang's wife's name appeared. Her surname is Meng Mingzhongzi, or Meng Mingjiang. The death of Qi Liang was not in the battle, but was built in the city wall after the deserter was arrested, so his wife wanted to cry and go to town. There are too many dead bodies in the city wall, which can only be distinguished by blood dripping to recognize bones. The story of Qi Liang's wife was handled during the Six Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, which linked the city collapse with Qin Shihuang. This is no small creation.
In the Yuan Dynasty, China's folk operas were very developed, and many works of zaju masters and celebrities appeared. Stories with vitality and creative space like Meng Jiangnv naturally become the source of opera creation. From Fan Xilang, Fan Shirang, Fan, Fan Xilang to Fan Qiliang, Fan and Wan Xiliang, there are many variants of Fan Lang's name, and the story is full of twists and turns. Other characters related to them, such as Fan Lang's mother, also appear in the play, which makes the story increasingly full.
Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the story of Meng Jiangnv has been developing and evolving among the people. Oral legends all over the world say that Meng Jiangnv was born of gourd. Gourd (or melon) is called "Meng Jiangnv" because it is related to two Meng Jiangnv families living next door. The story of Meng Jiangnv has not only been circulated for a long time, but also been widely influenced by the region. According to local folk customs and people's different interest orientations, this story has been transformed in various ways in different places, which makes the legend of Meng Jiangnv present an extremely strong regional color.
2 Feng Qiuhuang
The Legend of Phoenix Seeking Phoenix is a guqin song written by Sima Xiangru, a writer in Han Dynasty, which tells the love story of Sima Xiangru and Zhuo Wenjun. Taking "phoenix seeking phoenix" as a perfect metaphor not only contains passionate courtship, but also symbolizes the extraordinary ideals, lofty purport and tacit understanding of the hero and heroine. The whole poem has shallow meaning, bright syllables and passionate feelings, which combines the beauty of Chu Ci with the freshness of Han folk songs. Even if it is a fake of later generations, it will not weaken its artistic value. There are many poems, novels, songs and movies of the same name in past dynasties.
Peacock flies southeast to Jiao Zhongqing and Liu Lanzhi.
Peacock Flying Southeast is the first long narrative poem in the history of China literature, which Shen Guiyu called "the first long poem in ancient and modern times". Therefore, it is also called the longest long narrative poem in the ancient history of China and one of the glorious poems in the ancient folk literature of China. Peacock Flying Southeast and Mulan Ci in the Southern and Northern Dynasties are also called "Yuefu and Narrative Poetry". Later Peacock Flying Southeast, Mulan Poem and Wei Zhuang's Poem of Fu Qin in the Tang Dynasty were called "Three Wonders of Yuefu", which were adapted from a marriage tragedy that occurred in Lujiang County during the reign of Emperor Xian in the Eastern Han Dynasty (the county was a prefecture, and Hui County in Qian 'an at the end of the Han Dynasty was in Anhui Province).
Liang Zhu,
Liang Zhu turned into a butterfly, a beautiful, sad and touching love story, which has been circulated for many years on the banks of Cao 'e River in Shangyu and at the foot of the handsome Longshan Mountain.
In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, in Zhujiazhuang, Shangyu County, Zhejiang Province, there was a beautiful and intelligent Mrs. Nv Ying who studied poetry with her brother since childhood, admired the talents of Ban Zhao and Cai Wenji, hated the lack of good teachers at home, and wanted to travel to Hangzhou. Zhu Yingtai, eager to learn, disguised himself as a fortune teller and said, "It's best to let your love go out according to the result of divination." I hope my father sees his daughter Joe disguised as a man, and there is no flaw. In order to disappoint her, he had to reluctantly agree. England and Taiwan Province disguised themselves as men and went to Hangzhou to study. On the way, I met Liang Shanbo, a scholar who came to Hangzhou from Huiji (now Shaoxing) to study. As soon as I saw him, I liked reading each other very much. On the Caoqiao Pavilion, I made a righteous knot in Jin Lan with a pinch of soil as incense. A day later, the two men came to Song Wan College in Hangzhou, where they were accepted as apprentices. From then on, students read * * *, and they were inseparable. Liang Zhu studied in the deep sea for three years. Yingtai loved Sambo deeply, but Sambo never knew he was a woman. She only cares about brotherhood and has no special feelings. I wish my father misses his daughter. I am in a hurry to return home, so Yingtai has to hurry home. Liang Zhu broke up and was reluctant to go. On the way to the 18-mile farewell, Yingtai kept borrowing things to caress and hint at love. Shan Bo is honest and simple, and he doesn't know why. Yingtai had no choice but to lie that her nine sisters looked exactly like herself and were willing to be a matchmaker for Shanbo. However, because Shanbo was poor, she couldn't come as scheduled. When Shanbo went to Jia Zhu to propose marriage, I was afraid that Zhu Fu had betrothed Yingtai to Ma Wencai, the son of Miancheng (now Yinxian). A happy marriage has become a shadow. The two met on the balcony, looked at each other with tears in their eyes and left sadly. When we leave, we make an oath: we must live together and die together! Later, Liang Shanbo was named Yin County (now Yinzhou District, Ningbo City) by the imperial court. However, Sambo became depressed and died soon. He was ordered to be buried in the Kowloon Market in Yancheng. Yingtai heard the bad news of Shanbo and vowed to die. When Yingtai was forced to get married, she made a detour to worship Liang Shanbo's tomb. Under the guidance of Zhu Yingtai's mourning, the tomb burst, Yingtai jumped into the tomb, the tomb reunited, the wind stopped raining, the rainbow hung high, and Liang Zhu turned into a butterfly, flying in the world.
5 Cowherd and Weaver Girl
Cowherd and Weaver Girl is one of the most famous folklore in China, and the earliest story about stars in China. There is a passage in Shuo Wen Jie Zi written by Fang in the Northern and Southern Dynasties: "There are beautiful women in Hedong, the sons of the Emperor of Heaven, and sewing workers who work hard year after year to weave clothes of clouds and silks. Hard work is extremely unhappy, and the appearance is too messy to tidy up. God pitied him for being alone and married the morning glory in Hexi. Since then, the work of weaving has been abolished and greed has been achieved. When the emperor was angry, he was responsible for Hedong and held a meeting once a year. " This is an eternal love story, and it is one of the four folk love legends in China.
6 Harmony with Yang Guifei in Song of Eternal Sorrow in Tang Dynasty
Song of Eternal Sorrow is a long narrative poem by Bai Juyi, a poet in Tang Dynasty in China. This poem is the author's masterpiece and was written in 806 AD (the first year of Yuanhe). The whole poem vividly describes the love tragedy between Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei. Poets use historical figures and legends to create stories of dispatched people, and reproduce the truth of real life through artistic images, which has infected readers for thousands of years. The theme of this poem is "Song of Eternal Sorrow".
7 White Snake and Xu Xian
The legend of the White Snake is one of the "Four Great Folklores" in ancient China. The legend of White Snake originated in the Northern Song Dynasty more than 1000 years ago, and its birthplace was at the foot of Heishan in Tangyin, Henan Province (now Hebi City, Henan Province) and Xujiagou Village on the bank of Qihe River.
Mount Braque, also known as Jinshan, Moshan and Dashan, which is supported by Xujiagou, was the land of Jizhou in ancient times and is one of the remaining veins of Taihang Mountain. Here the mountains overlap, the water circulates, the trees are lush, the birds are singing and the flowers are fragrant, and the environment is quiet and peaceful. The Asian Games is a paradise. As early as the Wei and Jin Dynasties, Zuo Si recorded the love story of "an eyebrow matched with a calf" in Du Wei Fu: "A calf leads an ox to visit Montenegro, sometimes it is old and young, and sometimes it is ugly. Later, I married the girl with eyebrows, and they all left, so no one could chase her ... "Later, this allusion evolved into the story of" White Snake Made Xu Xian ",and the heroine of the story also evolved from" Girl with Eyebrows "to a white snake.
The white snake essence in The Legend of the White Snake Xu Xian was saved by an old man surnamed Xu in Xujiagou village from a black hawk. In order to repay the Xu family for saving his life, this white snake married Xu Xian, a descendant of the Xu family. After marriage, she often used herbs to treat villagers, which made the incense of Jinshan Temple nearby cold, and also made the elder "Fahai monk" of Jinshan Temple reincarnated by Black Hawk very angry and determined to destroy Xu Xian's marriage and kill "White Snake". So it leads to familiar plots such as "stealing fairy grass" and "flooding Jinshan Temple". Bai Niangzi touched the fetal air because of flooding Jinshan, and gave birth to her son Xu Shilin prematurely. Fahai took the opportunity to cover the newly born white snake with a "golden bowl" and suppressed it under the "Leifeng Tower" in Nanshan. Through this incident, Xu Xian became disheartened and became a monk to protect the pagoda and wait for his son under the "Leifeng Pagoda". 18 years later, Xu Shilin, the top student in high school, returned to his hometown to pay homage to his ancestors, only to save his mother and reunite his family.
7 Lu You and Tang Wan
On the whitewashed wall of Shenyuan Garden in Yin Shan (now Zhaoxing, Zhejiang) in the Southern Song Dynasty, there are two inscriptions "Feng Feng":
First of all:
Red crisp hands, Huang Teng wine, mancheng spring willow; Dongfeng evil, with a faint sense of joy, has been sad for several years, wrong, wrong, wrong.
Spring is the same, people are empty and thin, and tears are red and weak; Peach blossom falls, idle pool pavilion, although the mountain alliance is there, it is difficult to hold books, mo, mo, mo.
Second:
The world is thin, human feelings are evil, and it is easy to fall when the rain is sent late; The evening breeze is dry, tears stay, and it is difficult to lean on the diagonal alone, difficult, difficult.
People become different, today is not yesterday, and sick souls are often thousands of miles away; The horn was cold and the night was dim. I was afraid of being asked. I swallowed my tears and pretended to be happy, hiding, hiding, hiding.
These two queci poems are written by different people, but they are filled with the same feelings and helplessness, because they both tell a sad love story-Tang Wan and Lu You's Shen Yuan dream.
Lu You was a famous patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. He was born in a wealthy scholarly family in Yang Shan, Yuezhou. In his childhood, when the Jin people invaded the south, he often fled with his family. At this time, his mother's uncle Cheng Tang and his family had a lot of contacts with Lujia. Tang Cheng has a daughter named Tang Wan, whose name is Huixian. She has been quiet and elegant since childhood, but she is not good at words but understanding. Lu you, who is similar in age, hit it off very well. They are childhood friends and bosom friends. Although in the war, two inexperienced teenagers still spent a pure and beautiful time together. As they grow older, a lingering feeling gradually arises in their hearts.
The two parents and all relatives and friends also thought that they were a match made in heaven, so the Lu family took a beautiful heirloom as a keepsake and booked Tang's marriage. As an adult, Tang Wan became the daughter-in-law of Lujia after a night of wedding. Since then, Lu You and Tang Wan have become more harmonious, deeply in love and immersed in their world. I don't know what will happen in the evening, what imperial examinations, fame and fortune, and even family members are temporarily forgotten.
Lu You's mother, Tang, is a dignified and bossy woman. She is looking forward to her son being admitted to the top scholar, taking the official position and shining brilliantly. Seeing the present situation, she was greatly dissatisfied. On several occasions, as menstruation, and more as her mother-in-law, she forced Lu You to give up a piece of paper and abandon Tang Wan. "
Forced by her mother's life, Lu You had to promise to send Tang Wan back to her family. Lu Mu also married a docile and filial daughter for Lu You, completely cutting off the long relationship between Lu and Tang.
At noon on a sunny spring day, Lu You wandered into the Shen Garden of Yuji Temple at will and met his ex-wife Tang Wan after a long separation.
Yesterday's dream, today's delusion and today's resentment are all around my heart. I am deeply touched, so I began to write a title on the white wall, "Feng Feng", which is the first word mentioned at the beginning.
Tang Wan came to Shenyuan again and suddenly caught a glimpse of Lu You's inscription. Repeatedly chanting, recalling the scene of two people's poems singing together in those years, I couldn't help but burst into tears and my heart vibrated. I unconsciously neutralized a poem that was written after Lu You's poem. This is the second "Hairpin Phoenix" mentioned at the beginning. Recalling the past, lamenting the helplessness of the world, people are crying.
Lu You has been wandering around the world for decades, trying to forget his sad past with Tang Wan. However, the farther away from home, the more Tang Wan's shadow haunts my mind. After returning from a tiring trip, Tang Wan has passed away. She is in her twilight years. However, she is still deeply attached to the past and Shen Yuan. I often wander alone on the secluded path of the deep garden and write the poem "Deep Garden Nostalgia":
First of all:
The dream is broken and fragrant for forty years, but the old willow in Shenyuan does not fly;
This trip is a tribute to Shan Ye, but it is still a matter of suspense.
Second:
On the city, the sunset draws a corner, and there is no revival pool platform in Shen Yuan;
Under the sad bridge, the spring waves are green, which is suspected to be a stunning photo.
And the poem "Sleepwalking in Shen Garden":
First of all:
The road near the south of the city has been afraid to walk, and the injury of Shenjiayuan is even heavier;
Fragrance wears plum blossoms on the guest sleeves, and Qingsi Bridge is born in spring.
Second:
The small stranger in the south of the city meets spring again, and only plum blossoms are not seen;
Jade bone has been under the spring for a long time, and the ink mark is still locked in the wall.
At the age of eighty-five, Lu You wrote the last Shen Yuan love poem with deep affection:
The flowers of Shenjiayuan are like brocade, and half of them were known that year;
I also believe that beauty will eventually become soil, and it is too late to dream.
Shortly thereafter, Lu You died suddenly.
The Seven Fairys and Yong Dong in The Fairy Couple.
Fairy Match is a traditional classic play of Huangmei Opera in Anqing. It's about Yong Dong selling herself to bury her father. The jade emperor's seventh daughter (seven fairies) expressed deep sympathy and went down to earth privately, and married Dong under the pagoda tree. One hundred days later, the Jade Emperor sent King Tota and four donkey kong to force the seven fairies to return to heaven, and the husband and wife reluctantly parted under the locust tree. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, there were stories about Yong Dong's filial piety in Cao Zhi's Lingzhi Pian and Gan Bao's Search for Ji Shen. Traditional China plays or their names are Brocade, Hundred Days Destiny and Huaiyin Tree. Huangmei opera is more influential.