Looking at the beautiful green bamboos.
There are bandits and gentlemen who are like quarrels and discussions, like grinding.
The sesame is coquettish, the arrogant is coquettish,
There are bandits and gentlemen, and they should never be arrogant!
Looking at Qi'ao, the green bamboos are green.
There is a bandit gentleman whose ears are clear and his ears are like stars.
The sesame is coquettish, the arrogant is coquettish,
There are bandits and gentlemen, and they should never be arrogant!
Looking at Qi'ao, the green bamboos are as green as bamboo rafts.
There are bandits and gentlemen who are as good as gold as tin, as good as jade.
Broad and graceful, heavy and heavy, good at teasing, not cruel!
Appreciation:
There are many praises for characters in the Book of Songs, and the objects of praise are also very wide. Among them, an important category of objects of praise are good ministers and generals from various places. The pre-Qin era was an era when the Chinese nation continued to unite and move towards unity. People hoped for a peaceful and prosperous life. In such an era, people naturally placed their hopes on sage kings, virtuous ministers, and capable ministers and good generals. Praising them actually expresses a yearning for life. "Qiao" is such a poem. According to the "Preface to Mao's Poems": "'Qi'ao' is the virtue of a beautiful martial artist. He has articles and can listen to his instructions and take precautions with etiquette. Therefore, he can be in the Zhou Dynasty and write this poem beautifully." This Duke Wu was Wu He of Wei State. He was born in the first year of the Western Zhou Dynasty and once served as a minister of King Ping of Zhou Dynasty (770-720 BC). Historical biographies record that in his later years, when Wu He was over ninety years old, he was still cautious and honest in politics, tolerated criticism from others, and accepted advice from others. Therefore, he was highly respected by people. People composed this song "Qi'ao" to praise him.
From the perspective of the poem itself, it is just a hymn of images. The time, place, and person are not very referential. Therefore, it can be said that the image in the poem is not an actual reference, but a moral character in the Zhou Dynasty. Noble scholar-bureaucrat has a general connotation. The whole poem is divided into three chapters, chanted repeatedly. But in terms of content, it is not divided according to chapters, but the content of praise is integrated into three chapters. This is because the poem itself is relatively short and cannot be described in a long way. It cannot be divided into various aspects of the object of praise. It can only be summarized and summarized. At the same time, the content of the three chapters is basically the same, which plays the role of repeated praise, making the listener's impression more profound.
So, what aspects of the excellence of scholar-bureaucrats is repeatedly eulogized in "Qi'ao"? The first is appearance. This official has a dignified appearance, a dignified appearance, a tall figure, and his clothes are neat and gorgeous. "Hui Bian is like a star", "Ears are as clear as a gleam", and even the decorations on the crown suit are exquisite. The description of appearance is very important to create the image of an elegant gentleman. This is the first impression on the reader. Next is talent. "It's as clear as discussion, as thorough as polishing", and the article is very knowledgeable. In fact, this is to praise this gentleman's administrative ability. Because the Qing officials are engaged in politics, the drafting and formulation of official documents is the main content of their work. As for "Yi is heavy on Xi" and "good at joking", they highlight the gentleman's ability to communicate in foreign affairs. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there were many vassal states. It was a test for every scholar-bureaucrat to be able to cope with the vassals without losing the national integrity. It seems that the poem expresses the gentleman's outstanding ability in handling domestic affairs and foreign affairs in terms of writing articles and communicating, and highlights the image of a good minister. Finally, and most importantly, it praises the noble character of this gentleman. "As broad as a jade, as wide as a jade", he is firm-willed, loyal and honest, broad-minded and approachable. He is indeed a wise man. Precisely because he is a wise man and a good minister in politics, coupled with the solemn and luxurious appearance, he is even more respected. Therefore, the two sentences at the end of the first and second chapters are direct praises: "There are gangsters and gentlemen, and they must never be embarrassed!" From the inner world to the external decoration, from internal affairs documents to foreign affairs negotiations, this scholar-bureaucrat was the leader of his time. It is inevitable that typical wise men and good ministers will be praised by people. In this way, this poem highlights the image of a gentleman from three aspects, from the outside to the inside. Some sentences in the poem, such as "It's like cutting and discussing, like polishing" and "It's good at joking, but not cruel" have become words that people will use to praise a certain kind of moral character or character in the future. This shows the profound influence of the poem "Qi'ao" .