1) Rhyme: ENG Middle East folded into 2) Level and oblique: seven-rhythm rhythm 2 3) Antithesis: three or four lines of antithesis, five or six lines of antithesis 4) Sentence pattern: interrogative sentence inverted sentence
< p>This poem expresses the author's grief and indignation that his hair turned gray even though he had great ambitions to serve the country. There are many poets in ancient and modern times who lamented that time passes and life gets old easily, but most of them started from personal experiences and did not have a high state of mind. Lu You is different. He lamented that his hair was gray and he could no longer do anything because his ambition to serve the country was unfulfilled. Therefore, its sorrow contains profound and broad content and has a sublime and heroic color. This couplet is a "flowing pair", but the subsequent relationship is not cause and effect, but a contradiction. It is from the strong contradictions that readers feel the depth of the content and develop respect for the poet. There are similar poems by Lu You such as "I am standing on the Great Wall in vain, and my temples are already stained in the mirror".This is a seven-character rhymed poem, written in Shanyin Temple, when the author had been living at home for nine years. Shanyin is a water town in the south of the Yangtze River. The author often took a boat to visit the mountains and rivers near the village, and the Yebo Water Village was the scene of the scene. The first couplet describes the loneliness and melancholy of retreating to the countryside, being away from the battlefield for a long time, and having no chance to fight the enemy. "The feathers and arrows have withered for a long time", which shows the depression of his idle life. "Yan Ran Wei Le Ming" is quoted in the "Book of the Later Han·Biography of Dou Xian": Dou Xian attacked the Huns in the north, chased the Chanyu, climbed Yanran Mountain (now Hangai Mountain in Mongolia), carved stones to commemorate his achievements and returned. Yan Ran has not been restrained, which means that the enemy has not been destroyed and the great success has not been achieved. This combination uses a layered technique, "withered for a long time", which means that it has been abandoned for a long time, and it is already lost and depressed; "not named" means that the ambition is difficult to achieve, and it is even more resentful. From the beginning, an emotional tone of frustration and sadness was established.
The chin couplet expresses the wish that "the martyrs are still ambitious in their old age" and expresses the criticism of those high-ranking officials who did not resist or do anything in the face of invasion by foreign invaders. The previous sentence means that when a man is sinking in the mainland of China, he should have "sacrificially sacrificed himself to go to the national disaster, and returned home suddenly after swearing to death." How could he die of old age in peace? The word "Jew" expresses his unwillingness to be outdone. "Absolutely desert" is quoted in the "Book of Han·Biography of General Wei Qiaoqi", which is the words of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty in commending Huo Qubing. His temples are fluttering, but he is still proud of himself, dreaming of galloping across the desert and bathing in bloody battlefields; this reflects the slavish nature of those civil servants and generals in the court who only bowed their heads and ceded territory to seek peace when facing the barbarians, but did not think about rising up to fight. . "Why do you weep at the new pavilion?" is quoted from "Shishuoxinyu·Yu": "People crossing the river, every beautiful day, often invite each other to the new pavilion to borrow flowers and have a banquet. The prince of Zhou sat down and sighed: 'The scenery No matter how different the mountains and rivers are, they all looked at each other and shed tears. Only Prime Minister Wang changed his face and said: "When the emperor and the royal family are working together to conquer China, how can they be prisoners of Chu?" It expresses his dissatisfaction with the cowardly and mediocre mental outlook of those Gonggun princes who live in the temple and are either drunk or dying when the country's mountains and rivers are broken.
The neck couplet reveals the years with steady confrontation. The contradiction between wasted time and hard-earned wishes. "Serving the country with one life will lead to ten thousand deaths." Although personal power is small and life is short, "I" is willing to die ten thousand times to save the country from disaster. The strong contrast of "Ten Thousand" clearly expresses his patriotism and his dedication to serving the country, and his sincerity can be said to be resounding. "Two temples will never be green again", this sentence means that time is not forgiving, and the hair is full of frost. The inability to regain the green and black color expresses the sadness and anger of wasting my years and never regaining my youth. Even if I have the ambition to "sacrifice myself for the country", who can understand my painstaking efforts. What about sighing? These two sentences speak directly from the heart and are the key points of the poem.
The last couplet punctuates the title of the poem and writes about the lonely scene in front of you, an old man living in a river and lake. Far away, seeing that the fighting was over, the iron horses were gone, the war drums were extinguished, and the country of the Song Dynasty was at the mercy of others, how could his heart not feel pain like a knife being cut! "Come", but after waking up from the dream, what I saw were the new geese looking for each other in the desolate and cold Tingzhou. Where can they find a safe place to live! How can this not make people cry? These two sentences are borrowed from The poem expresses emotions indirectly.
The whole poem uses the scene seen in Boshui Village at night to express feelings of sadness, but at the end of the poem, it jumps to the ambition of serving the country, expressing the deep feeling of "the lonely place of a strong man." "Old" (Lu You's "Sickness"), who wants to serve the country but has no way to do so, the profound contradiction between ideals and reality, this is a fundamental reason for the generous elegance of this poem. The allusions are appropriate, the words are natural, and the emotions are full of emotions. "Flow around" (Zhao Yi's words), which makes this poem show a majestic atmosphere in the tragic song.