The characteristic of the scenery description in this paper lies in the ingenious combination of lotus pond and moonlight description. The lotus pond is the lotus pond under the moon; Moonlight is the moonlight on the lotus pond, which highlights the beauty of elegance, obscurity and quietness. The fourth and fifth paragraphs can best reflect this beauty. Such as: "among the layers of leaves, some white flowers are dotted sporadically, some bloom gracefully and some bloom shyly;" Like a pearl, like a star in the blue sky, like a beauty who just took a bath. The breeze blew, bringing a faint fragrance, like a faint song on a distant high building. "This paragraph is not about the moon, but there are moons everywhere. Lotus leaves and lotus flowers all have strange brilliance in the dim moonlight. Compare the blooming and budding white flowers to "pearls" and "stars", and write the beauty of lotus from two aspects: color and brilliance. Write the continuous fragrance of lotus flowers, conveyed by the breeze, as if it were a song floating in the distance, intermittent and unpredictable. This feeling of elegance and remoteness can only be felt when you are alone on a moonlit night. For example, in noisy days, you will never feel this way. Lotus fragrance was originally an olfactory image, but the author compared it to "the faint singing on the far floor" and transformed it into an auditory image. This writing method of transforming one sensory image into another is called "synaesthesia" or "synaesthesia" in rhetoric. Using this rhetorical method, readers can be inspired to have a broader and deeper imagination and association, so as to understand the ideological content and artistic realm of the works from their own life experience and cultural accomplishment. Another example: "Moonlight is like running water, quietly pouring on this leaf and flower. A thin layer of blue mist floats in the lotus pond. Leaves and flowers seem to have been washed in milk; It's like a dream covered with gauze. "Put lotus leaves and lotus flowers in the moonlight, and the word' diarrhea' gives people a vivid feeling of milky white; A word "gone with the wind" shows the ethereal and gentle appearance of lotus leaves and lotus flowers in the moonlight. By describing the tranquility of leaves and flowers, the author sets off the hazy softness of moonlight. Another example is: "The moonlight passes through the treetops, and the bushes in the heights cast jagged shadows, and the waiting for a while is like ghosts; The sparse shadows of curved willows are like paintings on lotus leaves. "Write' shadow' and' beautiful shadow' here, or write moonlight, because the shadow is produced by the moonlight on the object. The shadows of the trees are bright and dark, and the moonlight is faint. Moonlight is difficult to describe, but the author writes moonlight from different angles through different scenery, so that the difficult scenery is in front of him.
Grasp the thoughts and feelings of the article
The article begins with "I'm very uneasy these days", and the following is related to this restless mood everywhere: the road is lonely; The moonlight on the ground is faint, and the clouds in the sky are also faint; "An example of tree color is cloudy"; Hearing the lively cicadas and frogs, I thought, "Liveliness is theirs, I have nothing"; Thinking of the grand occasion of ancient lotus picking, I expressed the feeling that "this made me miss Jiangnan at last", and I was dissatisfied with the reality and had to return. A faint sadness enveloped the full text.
However, the author's feelings are complicated, accompanied by "faint sadness" and "faint joy". At the beginning of the text, "It suddenly occurred to me that the lotus pond I walked through every day should look different under the light of this full moon", indicating that the author wanted to get rid of his melancholy mood and went to the lotus pond happily; Along the path of the lotus pond, the past is gloomy, "it's sunny tonight", so I calm down and think that I am a "free man"; When he arrived in the lotus pond, he was truly free for the time being, his heart was tied to the beautiful scenery, and the feeling of happiness was sudden; From enjoying the scenery to thousands of years, I think of the "lively season" and "romantic season" when the ancients picked lotus. It can be seen that "light joy" also enveloped the full text.
The most direct and concentrated expression of the author's thoughts and feelings is the inner monologue in the third paragraph. This long monologue is a transition from fidgeting to enjoying the moonlight in the lotus pond, expressing the conflict between the author's spiritual world and the outside world and his desire to get rid of this conflict. The author's state of mind, in such a beautiful environment as the lotus pond under the moon, shows an aesthetic feeling of mixed sadness and joy.
In short, sorrow and joy go hand in hand: I long for happiness in sadness and am led by sadness in happiness. They are two aspects of the author's contradictory mentality changes when watching the scenery. But the inner fluctuation is not ups and downs, but restraint, and the expression of emotions is mild (he claims to be a "neutral"), which is the expression of the so-called "neutrality" of "not being angry and self-defeating, mourning but not hurting". Therefore, both sadness and joy are "faint".
There have always been many different understandings about the theme of this article and the author's writing intention.
Some people think that this article is the author's sentimental landscape work, expressing a cold and profound realm and expressing a bleak state of mind; Some people think that this article is a lyric work by borrowing scenery to express the author's melancholy mood; Some people think that it shows the author's appreciation of the natural beauty of the lotus pond under the moon, his restraint and leisure mood in his personal world; Some people think that it is not the author's escape from reality, but the author's anger at reality; Some people think that it shows dissatisfaction with the realization of darkness and yearning for a better life. These are too numerous to mention.
Taste exquisite language
The language in this article is simple and elegant, accurate, vivid and poetic.
Zhu Ziqing's prose language has always had the beauty of simplicity. He strives for "truth", "truth is nature" (on realism and picturesque) and "returning to simplicity" (modern poetry), and thinks that "excessive modification leads to bad meaning" is not desirable. He doesn't use beautiful, old and uncommon words to carve and describe things, but expresses various emotions in an understatement. However, it is not simple, but a clever, dexterous, agile and ingenious combination. It is often based on the feeling of sudden trigger, coupled with rich imagination, things flash by and bring readers into a picturesque realm. As far as this article is concerned, the author does not need heavy ink, but draws light ink. Appropriate use of some colorful words, but more metaphors, to stimulate readers' association and imagination, so that the picture color is light and thick. If you write a static lotus, you can use three metaphors: "like a pearl", which means that the flower is crystal clear in the faint moonlight; Like Stars in the Blue Sky is about flowers swaying against the green leaves. "Like a Beauty Just Showing Bath" is to write about the beauty of lotus flowers without touching dust. There is nothing strange about these words, but they have special artistic charm when used in the context of this article, which accurately and vividly shows the aesthetic characteristics of this place, this scene and this thing. Moreover, the word "moonlight pours quietly on this leaf and flower like running water" is also very common, but the modifier "quietly" is used to accurately and vividly write that moonlight pours like running water, but it is silent and quiet. Another example is "running water with pulse under the leaves", which means to express affection silently with eyes or actions, and to write running water here, but it seems to have affection silently. They are embedded in sentences, not as painstaking as they are, but they are very expressive. Others, such as writing lotus leaves with "de" and writing lights with "leakage", are all language skills that the author is very familiar with.
This paper uses more than 30 overlapping words, which not only vividly depicts the scene before us, but also has a kind of phonological beauty. Lush, far and near, high and low green trees, faint distant mountains, winding lotus ponds, slender lotus flowers, lingering fragrance, quiet flowers and leaves, fine blue fog, not only strengthen the meaning, but also make the language stretch and sound harmonious.
1. How do you understand "I feel quite uneasy these days"?
It is generally believed that this sentence is "literary eye" and establishes the emotional tone of the full text. The so-called "literary eye" is a summary of China's prose creation experience. The ancients said: "Expose the meaning of the full text, either at the beginning, or in the middle, or at the end." Prose has "eyes", the artistic conception will be empty and real, and the theme will be looming. The first sentence "My heart is quite restless" is the "joke" of "making jokes is a warning strategy for an article", and then the last three sentences naturally break the theme and point out "lotus pond" and "moonlight". Because I was "very uneasy", I thought of the lotus pond, and then I went to the lotus pond at night. This "literary eye" is placed at the beginning of the article, such as a final decision, which sets the lyric tone for the full text.
2. Why did you suddenly say, "This makes me really miss Jiangnan"?
In the article, this sentence plays the role of text transfer and transition. If we study its deep flavor, we should contact the author's life experience. Jiangnan is the hometown of the author. 1920 after graduation, Peking University taught in Hangzhou, Taizhou, Wenzhou and Ningbo for 6 years. In the meantime, he participated in the Literature Research Association, shared the same interests with Ye Shengtao, Yu Pingbo, Feng Zikai and Zhu Guangqian, and wrote many progressive poems and essays that eulogized the beautiful scenery in the south of the Yangtze River. Shortly after he went to Tsinghua University to teach, he wrote a poem "My Jiangnan", expressing his homesickness. While writing Moonlight on the Lotus Pond, I wrote in my letter: "After lunch today, I accidentally turned out an old magazine to amuse myself, but I turned to a letter I sent to Mr. S three years ago. The letter says Taizhou is between Shanghai, Hangzhou and Ningbo. This is really' my South'. I thought hard, but it showed me a way, although it was just a' road'. "
Therefore, if we want to delve into it, "Recalling Jiangnan" has the significance of worrying about the country and the people and remembering the past.
3. Experience the cyclical beauty of the article and the beautiful song.
Named "Moonlight on the Lotus Pond", it didn't immediately present the beautiful scenery of the lotus pond to the readers at the beginning, but said "My heart is quite uneasy" first. But I won't say how restless I am, but I wish I could go to the lotus pond happily. Walking on the way to the lotus pond and looking around, it seems that I have no intention to write about the beautiful scenery, which reflects the gloomy environment; My heart thinks, but I don't think about the beauty of the lotus pond, but I want to get rid of my inner boredom. Before we really reveal the true face of the lotus pond under the moon, we should say that being a "free man" is like getting rid of ourselves and affirming ourselves. It is both an argument and a lyric. After several twists and turns, I changed my mind and adjusted my mind. Only in this way can I truly integrate myself with natural beauty, my feelings about natural beauty can be truly seen, and my pen and ink can only be emotional.
After writing the beautiful scenery of the lotus pond, I looked around the scenery around the lotus pond, and the charm gradually faded. When I wrote "I have nothing", it seemed to be back to reality. Unexpectedly, I suddenly thought of picking lotus, which unexpectedly brought people to the lively scene of picking lotus in the Six Dynasties. It seems that the ancients lived in a free world, and the author was fascinated. But my thoughts suddenly stopped, "I suddenly looked up and didn't realize it was my door", and finally returned to reality. Finally, "gently push the door in" echoed the beginning "I quietly put on my big shirt and rushed out". Although I experienced a soul purification, there were waves in the middle, but they were all carried out in a "gentle" and "quiet" situation, which complemented the quiet and hazy atmosphere of Moonlight on the Lotus Pond.
4. What is the writing background of the text?
In the past, the interpretation of this article has always attached importance to the writing background, so what kind of background is this article written in?
This article was written in July 1927. White terror enveloped the land of China. Before that, Zhu Ziqing, as a pawn of the great era, had been shouting for struggle, but after the "April 12th" coup, he disappeared from the "cross street" of struggle and got into the "ivory tower" of classical literature. He made no secret of this ideological change: "When the old era is collapsing and the new situation has not yet arrived, decline and turmoil make everyone panic ... Only by participating in the revolution or counter-revolution can this panic be solved. When I can't or don't want to take part in this practical action, there is only one way to escape ... which of these three roads (referring to the political left, middle and right-editor) will I choose? ..... I can't take part in the revolution or counter-revolution, but I must find a foundation for a peaceful life ... I finally found a topic in Chinese studies. " ("Where to Go") "There seems to be something strange these days, like a boat in the vast sea, like a hunter in the endless forest ... my heart is in a mess, or it can be said to be a fire. I seem to be trying to understand something, but I don't seem to understand anything. " ("a letter")
If we want to appreciate this article in a wise way, we can try to find out the ideological origin of the author's writing this article. However, it is not appropriate to dig too much into the "political" and "ideological" factors of the text.