1, disyllabic: two simple words with the same initial. For example, "Surging"
2, rhyme, two simple words with the same vowel. For example, My Fair Lady
3. Reduplication, two simple words with the same pronunciation. For example, "Looking for"
Note: Simple words, that is, two separate meaningless words, together form a word with a meaning.
Second, rhetorical devices.
1, Seven Stars: Say something else first, so as to cause words to be recited, such as "I don't know why my Jinse has fifty strings, and every flower-like interval is youth".
2. Contrast: (1) Contrast between people (side contrast): For example, in On Mulberry, Qin Luofu's amazing beauty is set off by the reaction of "walker" and "teenager"; (2) the method of object contrast (making things quiet): such as "cicadas make the forest quieter and Tonamiyama more secluded"; And (3) comparing people with scenery: for example, in Pipa, he wrote the river three times.
3. Quotations: (1) Quote historical facts, such as "When did Feng Tang rise in the clouds?" (2) Borrow the poems of predecessors, such as "The sunset lingers at the ferry, and smoke rises at midnight".
Pun: (1) homophonic pun: such as "lower your head to get lotus seeds, lotus seeds are as clear as water". (2) Pun: For example, "A hundred acres of court is half moss, and peach blossoms are all in bloom".
5. Synaesthesia: Use novel and unique metaphors to mobilize various senses to perceive strange things, turn spirit into matter, and turn abstract feelings into concrete images. For example, "the shadows are shallow, and the fragrance floats on the moon."
Symbol: For example, "When those red berries come in spring".
7. Contrast: For example, "In the old society, swallows flew into the homes of ordinary people".
8. Ask some questions, such as "Where is the temple of the famous prime minister, in a deep pine forest near the Silk City".
9. exaggeration: for example, "white hair is 3 thousand long, and sorrow is like a long beard."
10, personification: for example, "People don't know where to go, but peach blossoms are still smiling in the spring breeze".
1 1, repeat: For example, "Although Mengshan is here, it is difficult to hold books. Mo, mo, mo ".
12, intertextuality: for example, "the moon is bright in Qin, but it is off in Han".
Third, the technique of expression
1, space: (1) Omit the description of the whole story process, and focus on the specific plot with the most associations and contradictions. For example, the tenth five-year conscription omitted the process of the hero joining the army, and focused on describing the bleak scene at home after he returned to China. (2) Take a few pictures to show the rich connotation together. For example, Li Qingzhao's Dream, it suddenly rained last night. (3) The experiences of the two protagonists set off each other and complement each other, that is, "the details of the other side make up for this". For example, in Pipa, the pipa girl confessed her life experience, recounting the past in detail and slightly showing today; Write your own experience, omit the things before relegation, and describe the present situation in detail.
2. Line drawing: Sketch the general outline of the scene with concise pen and ink. For example, Wen's "Good Morning Travel" and Ma Zhiyuan's "Clear Sand? Qiu Si.
3. Suspense: When discussing and expressing feelings, I delayed telling the truth, repeatedly rendering and setting suspense, and finally unraveling the mystery. For example, Liu Yong's Dead Hua Lian.
4. Writing on the other side: When the author expresses homesickness, he does not directly express his feelings for his loved ones, but writes from the other side. (1) Combine what you write on yourself and what you write on the other person to set each other off. For example, Liu Yong's Klang Ganzhou. (2) Artistic conception comes from imagining each other. For example, Du Fu's Moonlit Night.
5. Empathy: The poet intended to express his feelings for someone, something or something, but he deliberately transferred his feelings to another person, thing or thing when he expressed it concretely. For example, Liu Zao's Du Sanggan.
6. Rebound Pipa: The poet wants to express some emotion, but he deliberately does the opposite when expressing it; Or the normal psychology of an abnormal person, deliberately writing from the opposite side. For example, Wei Zhuang's Bodhisattva Man.
7. Unreasonable excitement: In the seemingly unreasonable description, various complicated feelings are deeply expressed, such as "And you finally thought of returning to China, and now my heart is almost broken".
8, the stars arch the moon: highlight a person by suppressing everyone (others). For example, "The spring breeze travels ten miles along Yangzhou Road, so it is better to roll up the bead curtain."
9. Get twice the result with half the effort: summarize the necessary features of the scenery with concise words, and arouse readers' association. For example, "several early warblers compete for warm trees, and whose new swallow pecks at spring mud."
10, write funeral music with music: express the worries and troubles of the characters with harmonious and beautiful scenery, such as "the petals have flowed like tears, and the lonely bird has sung sorrow".
1 1. Combination of suppression and suppression: (1) If you want to improve, suppress first, such as Chun Xue of Han Yu; (2) If we want to suppress it, we should promote it first, such as Jia Sheng in Li Shangyin's works.
12, the combination of reality and fiction: realism and fiction, writing and fiction, and the alternation of reality and fiction. For example, Li Shangyin's Notes for Friends in the North on a Rainy Night and Li Yu's Waves on the Sand? It is raining outside the window.
13. Entrusting ambition with things: not only staying on things, but also fitting in with the chanting. For example, Han Yuefu's "Songs of Complaint".
14, scene blending: the emotion is in the scene, the scene is in the emotion, and the scene is in the same place. For example, Du Fu's "expressing one's mind at night" and "drinking wine" show that you can't see how the water of the Yellow River leaves heaven and enters the ocean, never to return, how lovely it is locked in a bright mirror in a high room, although the silky black turns into snow in the morning and at night. "The first sentence rises out of thin air, without putting facts, and it is magnificent, like the water of the Yellow River rolling in the sky, like the sea, like rain, like the wind. Then the poet looked downstream and looked at the Yellow River, thinking that the Yellow River was gone forever, which gave birth to the feeling of "the deceased is like this" like Confucius, but it was stronger, more direct and more vivid than Confucius's feeling. You see, the lovely lock in the mirror of the high hall is silky black in the morning, but it turns into snow at night, which condenses people's lives between dusk and dusk, thus showing the theme that life is short and ambition is hard to pay. The poet's continuous use of the rhetorical device of "you didn't see" has increased the motivation of reasoning and is very emotional. At the same time, he wrote the water of the Yellow River with enlarged exaggeration, and wrote his own life journey with reduced exaggeration, which made people feel that time is precious, years are fleeting and achievements are more difficult.