"The Red Rocks in the Two Gorges of the Manjiang River"
Author: Xin Qiji
Touring Qingfeng Gorge, and Zhao Jinchen Fu Wenyun
The two gorges are brand new Yan,
Ask who occupies the old building of Qingfeng?
My eyes are filled with clouds and birds coming and going,
The streams are red and the mountains are green.
No one in the world can be proud of oneself.
There is no need to greet guests in front of the door.
When you are afraid of being desolate and having nothing to accompany you,
plant more bamboos.
Wonderful style, ice jade.
The poem is good and the remaining paste is delicious.
One sigh is enough for today’s characters.
People are like Qiuhong without a stable place,
Things are like missiles and must be mature.
Laughing at the king, drinking and singing, "Yangchun Song".
Appreciation:
According to "Qianshan County Chronicles." "Election Chronicles" records: Zhao Jinchen, whose name is not roundabout, was a Jinshi in the 24th year of Shaoxing (1154). He was a doctor in the official position and was directly appointed as a bachelor of Wenge. Qingfeng Gorge is located in Qianshan (now part of Jiangxi). Qingfeng Cave in the east of the Gorge is where Liu Hui, the top scholar admitted by Ouyang Xiu, studied in his early years. Xin Qiji's poem "Man Jiang Hong" is about a visit to Qingfeng Gorge and Zhao Jinchen's literary rhyme. It mainly writes about Zhao Jinchen, and the words and phrases about Qingfeng Gorge are also subordinate to character description. This poem uses ancient and modern figures to praise Zhao Jinchen, which is inevitably excessive, but judging from the artistic conception of the whole poem, it makes sense. Since Zhao Jinchen is such an outstanding figure, why is he not being reused by the court, but being plotted by villains, and living in a remote place in a poor country? In fact, those who know Xin Qiji can easily find that in the fifth year of Shaoxi (1194), he resigned from his position as Fujian's pacifier and retreated to Qianshan rural area for 10 years. Zhao Jinchen was dismissed from his post as Jiangxi envoy at this time and came to live in Qianshan. At this time, both of them were in Qianshan, and their experiences were very similar, so the author felt that they were in the same boat. After understanding these writing backgrounds, and then carefully appreciating this poem, it is not difficult to realize how painful and real the author's sorrow and anger is.
The first sentence describes the situation in Qingfeng Gorge, and then turns to Zhao Jinchen. Qingfeng Old Building refers to the Qingfeng Cave where Liu Hui once studied; who occupies it now? Needless to say, it was occupied by Zhao Jinchen, who traveled with him. Living in Qingfeng Cave, you can not only overlook the two gorges and beautiful rocks, but also enjoy the coming and going of clouds and birds, the red mountains and green mountains. But it’s so deserted here, isn’t it lonely? The following sentences answer this question. There is no one in the world to be proud of, so it is better to live here and enjoy the natural scenery. This is the first floor. Even if there are visitors in front of the door, they are probably for common things, so it is better not to greet them solemnly. This is the second floor. If you feel desolate because you have no company, don't be afraid, just plant more bamboos. This is the third level. Pressing forward step by step, Zhao Jinchen's noble character, who is above the world and unwilling to join in the evil, is vividly demonstrated.
The style of the next piece is wonderful, ice jade. Praising Zhao Jinchen for his purity and purity is a summary of the previous film. The poem is good and the remaining cream is fragrant. It goes from praising personality to praising literary talents. "New Tang Book." "Du Fu's Biography" says: If others are not enough, they will be disgusted with the rest, and the leftover cream will be used by future generations. The fragrance of Zhao Jinchen's poems can also be passed on to future generations. Then use "Han Feizi." "Wai Chu Shuo" is like Kui's one allusion that is enough to praise Zhao Jinchen to the point of no more, and there is no need to say anything more.
So I changed my writing style and changed my meaning, from lamenting people and things to lingering poems and wine. People are like wild geese in autumn. They land here today and fly there tomorrow. They live in no fixed place. You and I are the same. Things, like flying projectiles, should be more mature, why should we be so stubborn in dealing with things. On this trip together, you both drank and sang with us. It was truly a once-in-a-lifetime meeting! It ends with the Yangchun song, which closely follows the accompanying song, referring to Zhao Jinchen's original song, and naturally brings out his own harmony. Song Yu's "Ask to the King of Chu" says: The guest who sang in Yingzhong was originally called "Xialiba people", and there were thousands of people in the country who were harmonious. It is called "Yangchun Baixue", and there are only dozens of people in the country who are harmonious. The music is high and the harmony is low. Cen Shen's "He Jia Zhi Morning Daming Palace Poems" ends with the following words: It is difficult to harmonize with a single guest in the Phoenix Pond alone. Xin Qiji's song "Man Jiang Hong" was originally sung by Zhao Jinchen. He praised the original sung as "Yangchun Song", which means he was self-effacing in his harmony. It can be said that he kills two birds with one stone. Appropriate use of allusions can achieve excellent artistic effects.
The wind shakes the green bamboo.
After the people left, the sound of the flute stopped, and the person leaning against the building was alone.
March dusk is full of eyes, and thousands of mountains are green when you raise your head.
But try sending a piece of paper to the book and read it from the beginning.
The word "love" is full of space;
When will the meaning of "love" be enough?
There are little drops on the lapel, and tears are full of them.
The fragrant grass does not distract travelers, and the weeping poplars only hinder people's eyes.
The most painful thing is, at dusk at the end of the moon, the wind is singing.
Notes:
1. Another poem about reading far away in a boudoir. The previous article was lyrical due to the scene, and this article is based on emotion and scene, integrating feelings, scenes and things into one furnace. Knock it to pieces, a strange choice of words. The eye-catching couplets present the change of time sequence and the flow of thoughts.
After changing the head and reading the words above, two lines of fragrant grass couplets come out that fill the eyes. They are related to the scenery, the scenery evokes the feelings, and the words of hope and resentment are expressed. The knot is far away and there should be a person leaning on the building alone, but it is already dusk on the moon, and the two characters of "Li Jin" are old and spicy.
2. Two sentences about breaking into pieces: The wind of words shakes the green bamboo, as if breaking into pieces the sorrow of separation, making people restless and restless.
3. Two sentences about the person leaving: After the person leaves, the sound of the flute will no longer be heard, and the person will just lean on the building alone. The sound of the flute is broken: secretly using Xiao Shi to do jade affairs. See the previous note in "The Sapphire Case" (Thousands of Flowers and Trees Blooming on an East Wind Night). This means the person you love leaves.
4. Two sentences full of eyes: The speaker is in late spring. When he raises his eyes, he sees thousands of green mountains. It is already the early summer season.
5. Try two sentences: Open the other party’s letter and read it carefully from the beginning.
6. Four sentences about lovesickness: Words are full of lovesickness in vain, and it is difficult to comfort oneself of lovesickness.
7. Two sentences about dripping Luo Jin: A lot of tears wet the clothes. Yingju: Full of hands, full of hands, so many tears.
8. Two sentences about fragrant grass: I pray that the fragrant grass in the wild will not distract other travelers on their way back, and I hate that the wisps of weeping willows will block my sight of others.
9. Two sentences about the most bitterness: The most bitter words stand at the bend of the railing, upright until dusk and the bright moon rises.
Appreciation:
(1)
From the tone of this poem, it seems that it was written by a woman. It is very likely that the author imagined that his lover would treat him. Miss you. When the day is long and the sky is warm, it is very quiet inside and outside the boudoir. Only the sound of the gentle breeze blowing the green bamboo in front of the window will disturb the people in the boudoir and interrupt the mood. Her meditation shattered her sorrow of separation. The beauty of the environment brings out the loneliness and depression of the protagonist. "Breaking into pieces" not only embodies movement in silence, but also uses movement to contrast stillness: the word "Li" highlights the emotion in the word.
These two sentences combine scenery and scenery, with scenery as the main theme. Although they are at the beginning, they are the most delicately written in the whole poem. After the person has passed away, the sound of the flute has stopped, and the person is alone leaning against the building. This describes the living conditions of the protagonist: the person he loves has passed away, and he is alone and has no one to accompany him, so he often has to lean on the building and look into the distance. Since no one appreciates him, he has no intention to play the flute. Played the flute. People are gone and people are alone, which is why they lean on the building and play the flute. The first character is the other person, the person the protagonist misses; the second character is the protagonist himself. March dusk is full of eyes, and when you look up, you can see thousands of green mountains. The sentence "Leaning on the Tower" refers to the scenery seen when climbing up the tower, and also highlights the season. Although the green mountains are lovely, the late March also means that the spring has faded and the beautiful flowers have withered. For women who cherish their youth, it feels unbearable. This reflects the protagonist's identity and character traits. But try sending a piece of paper to a book and reading it from the beginning. It is about daily life; these two sentences are about a special detail. The protagonist keeps reading the letters sent by her lover from beginning to end, which further expresses her loneliness and boredom, and also begins to reveal in depth her deep feelings of missing her lover. This is about expressing feelings through actions, the feelings in the matter.
The last column describes scenes and events, but does not express emotions directly. The word "love" in the lower column is empty and full; the meaning of "love", when will it be enough? Direct expression of emotion: The letter sent by the lover is filled with the words of lovesickness, which means that he has not forgotten himself. The words in the letter cannot comfort or satisfy his love of love, and it also means that he has no chance to express his lovesickness to his lover and obtain compensation. meaning.
When I missed my lover, I not only read the letter in vain, but also tried to comfort myself, but I still couldn't help but shed tears. Tears like small beads dripped gently and continuously on Luo Yi, not only dyeing the clothes, but also almost making them wet. These two sentences use events to describe emotions, reflecting identity and character traits. It can be seen most clearly that the protagonist is a woman. The fragrant grass does not distract travelers, and the weeping poplars only hinder the eyes of people. The scenery then adds to the lyricism. The meaning of Fangcao Ju is derived from "Chu Ci". "Recruiting Hermits" The kings and grandsons have traveled far and never come back, the grass is growing luxuriantly and developing. Comparing Xin's poem "Mo Yu'er" in "Spring and Living", it is said that the fragrant grass at the end of the world is lost in the way back (or there is no way back in this work, the meaning is the same). This means that those who are not lost will have hope that they can come back and the return journey will not be the same. Difficult meaning: The sentence about "weeping willows" refers to the fact that the willows grow thickly in late spring, but they obstruct people's vision and prevent them from seeing far away. The two sentences are written on both sides, but the meaning is self-related. Because the previous sentence expresses the hope that the tourists will return home, I lean on the building to watch them come back. However, the hanging willows only block people's eyes, and the words have a strange and resentful emotional tone. The strange hanging willows have no other function and only hinder people. The role of telescope. Two sentences convey the subtle feelings of missing his wife at the top of the building.
The most painful thing is, at dusk at the end of the moon, the wind is singing. In the end, I am still engaged in writing about emotions. The first sentence goes from morning to night, and the second sentence echoes the story of leaning on the tower. The hanging willow covered my eyes, and although I couldn't see where the travelers were going, I still stood by the railing upstairs until the moon came out at dusk. Therefore, fully modifying it with the two characters "most bitter" not only expresses these two sentences in detail, but also expresses the feeling of the whole word in detail.
(2)
Xin Qiji created a large number of patriotic poems that touched the times and moved people. He is famous for his heroic and majestic style of writing. However, Jiaxuan's poems are middle-key and minor-note. He also made charming words intermittently. (Zou Zhimo: "Poems from Yuanzhizhai") Among these works of charming words, there are also excellent chapters. This "Man Jiang Hong" belongs to this type of work.
This is a poem about the pain of leaving someone.
The first three sentences are an inversion of the wind shaking the green bamboos outside the screen window, breaking the sorrow of separation. Writing the first sentence of "breaking the sorrow of separation" is not only necessary for rhyme, but also serves to clarify the theme of the opening chapter. , the role of holding the reader's heartstrings. Typing makes people feel that the protagonist's soul has been hit, and the shattering is the result of knocking.
In other words, the protagonist's already sad mood due to parting with his lover was further disturbed by the sound of the wind shaking the green bamboo. After the people left, the sound of the flute stopped, and the person leaning against the building was alone. It describes the silence of the environment, and also depicts the protagonist being alone in an empty room after his lover left, feeling bored. March dusk is full of eyes, and when you look up, you can see thousands of green mountains. In late spring, in March, it is already the season of falling flowers. It seems as if the spring is in vain, but in fact, I still miss people. I miss you so much that I can't bear it. I feel that thousands of mountains are green. It means that I climb high buildings in sadness and depression, and unknowingly discover The mountains and fields are already green. These two sentences connect the previous and the following and set off the atmosphere. The scene of the woman in the boudoir being listless because she misses someone who is away from home is still vivid in my mind. But try sending a piece of paper to the book and read it from the beginning. It is common in people's daily lives to miss their lover and not be able to see each other, so they read his letters over and over again. The poet wrote this life phenomenon directly into the poem in vernacular, which makes it particularly cordial to read. Su Shi has a poem "Qin Yuan Chun", which contains the following sentences: In anticipation of Yi's trip, I start to read it from time to time, and shed tears every time I look at it. This means that the writer estimates that the recipient will read the letter from time to time; Xin Ci directly writes that the recipient will read the letter from the beginning to the end. The two poets describe it from different angles, but their artistic conceptions are similar, either because the two masters have the same ideas, or because Jiaxuan was influenced by Dongpo.
The next part will continue to write about the pain of lovesickness. The word "love" is full of space; the meaning of "love", when will it be enough? A little bit of dripping down the lapel, full of tears. Reading letters from afar, the words expressing love for each other are full of words, which is now spoken, and the paper is full, but people cannot meet each other, and the pain of separation still cannot be relieved, and eventually the clothes are full of tears, soaking through the lapel. The use of enough words to describe the endless separation and hatred, and the use of exaggerated words to describe the number of tears are all expressive strokes. The above sentences try their best to exaggerate the pain of lovers not being able to meet each other.
The fragrant grass does not distract travelers, and the weeping poplars only hinder people's eyes. The sentence about fragrant grass can easily remind people of Su Shi's famous line "There is no fragrant grass anywhere in the world" ("Butterflies in love with flowers faded to red, green and apricots"). The opposite meaning is used here, which means that fragrant grass in a foreign land cannot be replaced by fragrant grass. It makes the traveler lose his way, implying that he will return eventually; the latter sentence says that the branches of the willow block the line of sight (so the woman in the boudoir cannot see her lover even if she looks far away); this vividly expresses her hope Pedestrians returning, looking at the scene with ecstasy. The most painful thing is, when the moon is at dusk, the railings are bent. The last two sentences exaggerate that because I waited for the moonlit dusk every day, leaning on the railing and looking up, the railing was bent. This is of course the most painful thing. The ending echoes the previous film "The Man Leaning on the Tower", echoing the title and depicting the sorrow of separation.
This poem, which expresses the emotions of separation and depression, is undoubtedly a reflection of the real life in the social turmoil of the Southern Song Dynasty. The motherland was divided between the north and the south, and countless families were separated and suffered the pain of losing their loved ones. Xin Qiji himself was far away from his hometown, and he had a deep understanding and experience of this phenomenon. Therefore, in his writings, he came up with such words to express the love between his children and the pain of separation. There is no need to go into details or seek political sustenance literally. As long as it truly and vividly reflects social life, its literary value should also be fully recognized.
Xin Qiji's Manjianghong·Ignition Cherry
"Manjianghong Ignition Cherry"
Author: Xin Qiji
Ignition Cherry,
Take a photo, it’s like snow.
Spring is just in time, and I see Dragon Sun breaking through,
The purple moss on the wall.
The baby swallow is weak in flying when it attracts its chicks.
The wandering oriole calls out its friends with a timid voice.
When spring returns, one is unwilling to return home with sorrow.
The intestines are filled with knots.
Looking from the top floor, there are mountains of spring;
Where is home?
Separated by smoke and waves.
Who can I tell him about my past and present regrets?
Butterflies do not convey dreams of a thousand miles,
Zigui calls for breaking the third watch of the moon.
Listen to the voice and pillow to urge people to return,
Return is rare.
Appreciation:
The year when this poem was written cannot be verified, and there are no other materials for reference. However, judging from the artistic conception of this poem, it may be that he was politically frustrated in his middle age. The work of thinking about returning later. The center of the whole poem is the writer's desolate mood of homesickness due to the return of spring. It uses the spring scenery as a medium to fully reflect the tragic lamentation of his own life experience and the fate of the country. It is an excellent poem full of political color. The reason why it has been passed down and is loved by people is not only that it is full of deep feelings, but also that the author does not speak boringly and straightforwardly when writing words, but creates a remote and profound lyrical realm in the vivid and vivid description of artistic conception.
The scene in the first film is very touching. The poet's artistic sense is very keen: he not only appreciates the beauty of Jiangnan Spring, but also deplores the short-lasting of Jiangnan Spring.
In his writing, the scenery of late spring is so dazzling! Lighting the cherries, taking a photo of one, and saying "Tea is like snow" are like a close-up shot of a color film, and the brilliant spring scenery in the garden is pushed to the reader's eyes. The cherries are full of fruits and are as red as on fire; the tea leaves are blooming with snow-like flowers, which complement each other like flaming cherries. The whole garden is wrapped in red and is extremely beautiful. Spring is a concise and affectionate compliment. Spring is good, and good is that it is full of vitality.
Spring bamboo shoots break through the moss-covered soil steps and grow vigorously upward; spring swallows lead their newly-laid chicks and fly slowly; the wandering orioles call to their friends and their companions, and their sweet notes are just like playing a song. The Ballad of Spring. But the good times don't last long, just as the famous saying of the predecessors indicates, as soon as the climax is over, Miss Chun will go back, and she can't stay even if she wants to. Perhaps it is precisely because of the premonition that spring will be short that the baby swallows lose interest in flying and their soaring power is weakened; those free-flowing orioles also cannot sing smoothly because of this, and their cries actually make people feel timid. The weakness of the swallow and the cowardice of the warbler are actually the external manifestations of the poet's sentimental spring mentality. Readers must not blame this once-all-powerful hero for how he could be tainted with the sadness of his children. Xin Qiji is not full of worries here. For a person whose political ideals have been disappointed and who has suffered repeated setbacks in real life, doesn’t the return of spring symbolize the destruction of hope! The changes in the natural landscape and the ruthless passage of the seasons made the poet full of sorrow and resentment, so he sent out words of resentment towards spring: Asking for the return of spring, refusing to return with sorrow, his intestines are filled with knots. These three sentences are close to the author's famous article "Zhu Yingtai." The ending of "Late Spring" is that he doesn't understand where spring will go, but he doesn't know where spring will go. The terms and meanings are very similar, but the tone here is more urgent and the meaning is more straightforward. The author seems to be shouting to the sky: Thousands of sorrows and hatreds are all brought out by you in the spring; now you are walking smoothly on your own, but you leave your sorrows to others. Do you know that I have thousands of knots in my heart that cannot be untied? ! This string of words complaining about spring is extremely unreasonable, but extremely sentimental. The three words "A Thousand Ties in the Heart" can especially express the poet's depressed and troubled mood in an exaggerated way.
The second part of the poem specifically and meticulously expresses the sorrow and hatred touched by spring. The four three-character sentences that change the beginning: Looking from the top floor, the spring mountains are stacked; where is home? Separated by smoke and waves. The sentence "Chengchang Qianjie" points out that what is stagnating in the poet's heart is not the sorrow of spring flowers and autumn moon, but the deep sorrow of missing home and mountain. The poet climbed a high building and looked at his hometown in the distance, but the thousands of spring mountains blocked his eyes, and the boundless smoke blocked his way back. This spring mountain and this smoke wave symbolize the division of the motherland, the dangerous political situation, and the numerous difficulties and obstacles encountered by the poet in his persistent pursuit of the great cause of anti-gold restoration! Next, I would like to say a few sentences about the past and present grudges to someone. The sadness is vast, the meaning is pathos, and the hero's loneliness is reflected on the paper. The so-called regrets of the past and the present literally refer to the hatreds from ancient times to the present, but nostalgia for the past is to hurt the present, so the past and present here focus more on the present. Today’s hatred is nothing more than the hatred of the fall of the Central Plains and the division of the motherland.
It can be seen that these two sentences are to explain to people: the content of the poet's hatred is by no means the petty hatred of ordinary literati and officials, but the deep and sorrowful hatred of family and country; and the poet is snow He fought hard against this great hatred, but received very few responses. There was almost nowhere to talk about this hatred, and this was another deepening of the sorrow and hatred he was filled with! Following the two lines about butterfly, it is adapted from the Tang Dynasty poet Cui Tu's "Butterfly Dreams Home Ten Thousand Miles Away". "Zhuangzi" says that Zhuangzhou dreamed that he turned into a butterfly. Later, literati called dreaming butterfly dream. Thousand Miles of Dream refers to one’s homesickness. Zigui's cry seemed to say it was better to go back. These two sentences are elegiac strokes that create a situation based on emotion. They use the painful scene of being sleepless at night to further extend the content described above to the vast space and time. One is not passed on, the other is broken, which is the language that turns iron into gold, making these two sentences more poignant than Cui Tu's original poem to express the sadness of missing home and being far away. It must also be pointed out that judging from the author's life, thoughts and the ancient and modern regrets mentioned above, the so-called homesickness here is not longing for his residence in the south of the Yangtze River, but longing for Shandong, which was far away in the north under the rule of the Jin people. Hometown in Jinan. Quanqing's knot says: Listening to the voice, on the pillow, urging people to return, return is hard to come by. The sound comes from Cheng Zigui, who is good at responding and has a tight lock. Encouraging people to return home is difficult to say in two words. In rhetoric, it is called the most sincere character. Its function is to pour out one's pain in a coherent manner. It ends with a love word, but because it is connected with the previous image description and the language is sincere and touching, this ending is still full of charm, making people feel the pain of this patriot who cannot return home. .
Xin Qiji's political lyricism can be divided into two types: direct expression and quda in terms of expression. The so-called direct expression refers to talking freely with one's mouth, with endless discussion, expressing all the tragic feelings, generous and heroic aspirations, without any implicitness, and never relying on external objects, comparisons and other techniques.
The so-called Quda means that there is something urgently wanted to say in one’s heart, but considering one’s dangerous situation, one does not dare to speak out what is in one’s heart as it is. Instead, one expresses one’s feelings through flowers, birds, landscapes worried and indignant. This word belongs to the latter category.
Xin Qiji's "Man Jiang Hong, Inscribed on Cold Spring Pavilion"
"Man Jiang Hong Inscribed on Cold Spring Pavilion"
Author: Xin Qiji
Straight section, look at the crown of the road The tassel is arched.
In the gradually green valley, a group of immortals descended eastward, and the sound of wearing rings was urgent.
Who believes that the peaks of heaven fly down to the ground, and the green walls open thousands of feet next to the lake.
Back then, no one knew how to cut square pots with jade axes.
The mountains and trees are moist and the Langgan is wet.
Under the autumn dew, pearls drop.
Across the Wei Pavilion, the jade abyss is clear and green.
Dance drunkenly and shake the shadows of luan and phoenix. Don’t make the fish and dragon cry when singing loudly.
I hate this place. The scenery and things were originally my home, but now I am a guest.
Notes:
1. Cold Spring Pavilion: a Tang Dynasty building, located at the foot of Feilai Peak southwest of Lingyin Temple in West Lake, Hangzhou. It is one of the scenic spots in West Lake.
2. Zhijie: straight and upright, referring to fir trees.
3. Guanying: hat and hatband, referring to well-dressed scholar-bureaucrats.
4. Gongli: Stand with your hands folded.
5. The sound of wearing a ring is urgent: The sound of the green valley spring is beautiful, like a fairy wearing a dingdong ring.
6. Tianfeng falls: Legend has it that during the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Huili, a monk from Tianzhu, saw this mountain and praised: This is the small ridge of Lingjiu Mountain in the Central Tianzhu Kingdom. I don’t know when he flew here. ("Lin'an Chronicles" quotes "Yu Di Zhi")
7. Fang Hu: The fairy mountain in myths and legends, located in the east of the Bohai Sea. This Yunfeilai Peak was carved by gods with jade axes, but unfortunately no one knows about it now.
8. Langgan: originally refers to blue jade, this refers to green bamboo.
9. Weiting: Gaoting refers to Cold Spring Pavilion.
10. Yuyuan is clear and green: the water in the pool is dark green and clear.
11. Luanfeng: Two legendary divine birds, often used to describe extraordinary people.
12. Hao Ge: sing loudly.
13. Fish and dragon cry: The monster in the official water is moved by it.
14. The scenery of Lengquan Pavilion is very similar to that of my hometown. Note: Jinan, the author’s hometown, is known as the City of Springs, and the scenery of the water and mountains at that time was comparable to that of the Lengquan Pavilion area.
Translation:
Pines and bamboos lined the road, standing straight and straight,
like neatly dressed officials, standing with their hands clasped.
Gradually entering the green valley,
the sound of the spring water is like a group of immortals riding the wind eastward,
the rings on their bodies make a clanking sound.
Who can believe that this thousand-foot mountain peak standing beside the West Lake
flew from Tianzhu (India)?
Feilai Peak was cut from Fanghu Mountain by an immortal with a jade ax.
No one knows it now.
The spring water nourishes the vegetation in the mountains,
and soaks the beautiful rocks by the stream.
Cross the small bridge and climb to the high pavilion,
overlooking the clear turquoise water.
Dance while drunk, shaking your figure like a phoenix;
Sing loudly, don’t make the fish and dragons at the bottom of the pond cry.
The scenery in my hometown of Jinan is as beautiful as here.
It is a pity that it is now occupied by the enemy.
It makes it difficult for me to live in Jiangnan and find it difficult to return home.
Appreciation:
After returning to the south and before living in seclusion in Daihu, the author served as an official in Lin'an three times, but the time was short. In May of the summer of the sixth year of Qiandao (1170), when the author was thirty-one years old, he was appointed as the chief registrar of Sinong Temple. In the seventh year of Qiandao, Chunshan was informed of Chuzhou. This period of time was the longer of the three times, and this poem may have been composed in Hangzhou during this time.
Cold Spring Pavilion is located under Feilai Peak in front of Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou. It was built by Shi Yuan of Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi's "Lengquan Pavilion" said: Yuhang County is the most beautiful in the southeastern landscape; in terms of the county, Lingyin Temple is the most special; from the temple view, Lengquan Pavilion is the first. The pavilion is located in the middle of the mountain and water, in the southwest corner of the temple. It is not twice as high as one can find it, and it is not as wide as ten feet wide. It is not only close to Lingyin Temple and Feilai Peak, but also close to mountain climbing, Santianzhu, Taoguang Temple, Beifang Peak and other scenic spots. The upper part of the poem describes the mountains and forests near Lengquan Pavilion and Binglai Peak; the lower part describes the activities and feelings of visiting the pavilion.
The upper column is written from top to bottom, starting from the nearby mountains, forests, flowing springs and streams.
It is straight and grand, and you can see the crowns and tassels standing along the road. On both sides of the mountain road, tall trees are neatly arranged, like officials wearing crowns and tassels, standing majestically along the road. This is a personification technique in rhetoric; in syntax, the adjective is placed before the main clause. "Zhijie Tangtang" describes the tall and straight arched trees with inverted halberds sticking out, forming a sudden and majestic momentum, and embodying the author's aspirations; the second sentence wraps up the previous sentence and describes the lush branches and leaves of the trees. In the gradually green valley, a group of immortals descended to the east, and the sound of wearing rings was urgent. It is said that the flowing springs in the green valleys on both sides gradually flow down, making a clanging sound like the jingling of the rings on the gods' clothes. The meaning is based on Liu Zongyuan's "A Journey to Xiaoshitan in the West of Xiaoqiu": Separated by bamboos, I could hear the sound of water, like a ring. This is also a way of writing personification. The upper level, with officials lining up to resemble the trees on the roadside, is impressive, but difficult for readers to understand and is a bit obscure. The comparison on this level is from coarse to fine, with natural and graceful images, making it easier to understand. Xin's poems are full of talent, and he often picks them up at his fingertips, regardless of thickness, but he can flexibly control them. Here is a typical example. The following four sentences focus on Feilaifeng, and the word "Who Believes" leads directly to the end. Feilai Peak is not high, but its situation is as sharp as a vulture. "Chunyou Lin'an Zhi" quotes Yan Shu's "Yudi Ji" and says: In the first year of Xianhe in Jin Dynasty, the monk Huili of the West climbed the mountain and sighed: This is the Kingdom of Central Tianzhu The small ridge of Lingjiu Mountain, I don’t know when it flew here. During the lifetime of the Buddha, he was mostly hidden by immortal spirits. Is this the case now? Because Lingyin Temple was built with tin, it was named Feilai Peak. The rock has names such as Jiaolong, Benxiang, Fuhu, and Jingyuan, because it looks tall and steep from a distance. The sky peak flies down to the ground, it looks like flying here: next to the lake, it means on the shore of the West Lake: thousands of feet, it looks like it is high: the green wall refers to the mountain peak, the sky peak falls to the ground: the word "kaichengfei".
Who believes that the two sentences describe Feilai Peak and its majestic momentum, but compared with the two sentences from Qi, the meaning of the words is detailed, steep but not rough. At that time, no one knew how to cut a square pot with a jade axe. Jade ax generally refers to the divine ax of immortals; Fanghu, "Liezi". One of the five sacred mountains on the sea written in "Tang Wen". The meaning of the sentence is: Feilai Peak is like a sacred mountain carved by an immortal with a jade axe. Unfortunately, over time, the vicissitudes of life have changed, and now no one can recognize its origin and appearance. I will conclude with a supplementary explanation and description of Feilai Peak, The tune changes to Shu.
The trees in Xiaqian Mountain are moist and the Langgan is wet. Under the autumn dew, pearls drop, writing on the wood and stone beside the pavilion. Langgan, beautiful stones; Qiongzhu, the autumn dew. Because the autumn dew condenses into pearl-like water droplets and drips down, the wood and stone are moist. These four sentences are in the same form, but there is a causal relationship between them. Across to Wei Pavilion, the jade abyss is clear and green. The first sentence is about traveling to the pavilion, and the second sentence is about cold springs where the water in autumn is as clear as jasper.
The above lines are still in harmony with the rest of the beat. Drunk dancing and swaying the shadows of luan and phoenix, loud songs should not make fish and dragons cry. The retelling of his own activities in the pavilion touches his pride and life experience, and the tone turns to heroic and passionate. The drunken dance sentence expresses heroic feelings, the Luan and the Phoenix describe themselves, the heroic song sentence expresses emotion, and the fish and dragon are associated with the spring water. I hate it. The scenery and things were originally at home, but now they are guests. Why does the drunken dance still sing sad songs, fearing that the singing will make the fish and dragons cry? These two sentences can illustrate the underlying and complex reasons. The author's hometown is Licheng (today's Jinan), which is home to every spring in Shandong and a popular resort for weeping poplars in every household. It used to have the famous Seventy-Two Springs, some of which are also called cold springs; there are many springs near Daming Lake and Baotu Spring. Famous pavilions, such as Lixia Pavilion, Shuixiang Pavilion, Shuixi Pavilion, Guanlan Pavilion, etc., also have considerable beautiful scenery. Benwujia, that is, the scenery around Lengquan Pavilion is similar to the author's hometown. Why does this cause hatred? The reason is that after the author returned to the south, he failed to recover the lost land in the north. Not only was it difficult to repay his original wish, but he also found it difficult to return to his hometown. I could only stay as a guest in the south for a long time, feeling depressed and frustrated, so I was nostalgic for the scenery and felt infinite sadness. The only way to relieve this sadness is through drunken singing and dancing, but in fact it cannot be relieved. The words were spoken plainly and implicitly, but the hatred was very deep.
This hatred is not only related to personal homesickness, but also related to the fate of the entire country and nation, which will naturally arouse strong sympathy from readers. This poem touches the author's homesickness by the scenery of the West Lake and associates it with the sorrow of the country and the nation, expressing implicit sorrow and indignation; the scene is described in a vivid and natural way. It is not deliberately managed by the author, but it can show the style, characteristics and skill of the author's lyrics.
The quatrains of ancient poems are so classic and concise, and they evoke infinite feelings in the heart. If you want to see more quatrains and ancient poems, please enjoy the lyrical sentences describing the scenery of the Three Gorges.