(1) white body: a genre formed by learning Bai Juyi's poetic style. Cai Kuanfu said: "In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, after the Five Dynasties, all scholars lived in poetry, so Wang Huangzhou was in charge of the alliance for a while." In fact, the civil servants before Wang Yucheng, such as Liu Yun and Xu Xuan, all loved Bai Juyi's poems, just imitating Bai Juyi's later Miscellaneous Poems and easy-to-understand poems about objects. After Liu Yun, an old minister of the Zhou Dynasty entered the Song Dynasty and was a great scholar in the early Song Dynasty. "Blue Box Miscellanies" records: "Yun's poems are simple and effective in style. In his later years, he and Li Gongzhi, who participated in politics, were friends who sang harmony, which was similar to Gong Li's poetic style. This is also a fact, and the world has passed on Li Er's singing harmony collection. " The content of poetry is nothing more than lingering and seeking leisure; But its formal attention is correct, relaxed and fluent. Xu Xuan followed the Southern Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty and was also a famous scribe at that time. His poems, such as "A Judge's Old Place Revisited by Cold Food", say: "Cold food is in Beijing all the year round, and the sea is clear this year. In a remote alley, singing in the middle of the night, blowing some flowers on the partition wall. The Yuanyang road is noisy, and Hongyan gets credit for flying. No one can visit the poor unless they are passionate about 20. " Under the leadership of these two literary giants, writing poems in popular language became popular. Wang Yucheng, who later dominated the literary world, had the same early poetic style as Li and Xu. There was a change in the later period, "This Lotte is backward and dares to be beautiful as the forerunner". He studied Bai Juyi's poems such as Song only made people sick, admired and imitated Du Fu's poems, and wrote a series of thoughtful poems such as Dui Xue, Feeling Exile, Two Poems by Qiu Lin, Shetian Ci, and Xiang Xue Showing Jia You. His short lyric poems are beautiful and charming. Wang Yucheng, as the representative, influenced the poetry circles of Taizu and Taizong in the early Song Dynasty. Lin Bu said in the poem "Reading Wang Huangzhou's Poems": "Tang Wei is a white house, and I am a Huangzhou in Song Dynasty!" Poetry in white style is simple, natural and poetic, which is its advantage; However, writing more songs about personal life and friends is simple and meaningful, easy to flow and lacking in warning, which is its shortcoming.
(2) Late Tang Style: After Wang Yucheng's death, the influence of Bai Style poets gradually disappeared, and the late Tang Style became popular. Lin Bu (968- 1028), (960-10/9) and Jiu Monk (roughly in the same period as Lin and Wei) were the representatives of the late Tang Dynasty. His poems were written by Jia Dao and Yao He, describing his quiet and secluded life and praising the wild interest of Lin Quan. Lin Bu lived in seclusion in the lonely mountain of West Lake for more than 20 years, planting flowers and raising cranes, and was called "Mei Wife Crane". His two poems "Xiaomei in the Mountain Garden" have been handed down by people, among which the famous sentence "The shadow is shallow and the moon is fragrant" is deeply appreciated by Ouyang Xiu. His poem Xiao Gong of Su Dong wrote: "The autumn mountains are boundless, and Qiu Si is boundless. Red leaves flow in the blue stream and white clouds flow in the green forest. A bird landed in the shade and the sun set. Who smells the banana rain on the pillow tonight? " Describing autumn mountains and autumn waters, the melody is clear, the artistic conception is beautiful and the feelings are long. Ye Wei, a layman. Caotang is aloof and indifferent by nature. "Biography of the History of Song Dynasty" said: "Wild poetry is bitter, with Tang style and many epigrams." Although he lived in seclusion in Linquan, many dignitaries traveled with him and often sang with Kou Zhun in his poems. His poem "The Wall of a Book Friend's House" expresses his heart and interest in escaping from the secular world and living in seclusion in Shan Ye: "A talented person despises his position and lives near a fairy. Wash inkstone fish swallow ink, make tea crane to avoid smoke. Leisure is just a sundae, and old people don't hate fleeting time. Think about idle people, you should be the most biased. " According to "Ying Kui Fa Yao", "True Sect worships Yin and sends an envoy to call it. (Wild) Run away from this poem wall. "
Poets in the late Tang Dynasty specialize in Jia Dao and Yao He, and are diligent in thinking. Generally speaking, it is longer than the five laws. As Fang Hui said, "Forge your neck first, and finish it." "Every song must have a joint work, more in the neck joint." There are often sentences without articles, which lack the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty, but also have the power to exercise. Therefore, the poems of the late Tang Dynasty are light, beautiful and small, writing what they see in front of them, expressing worries and trivialities, and the realm is relatively narrow. From the perspective of poetic style, Bai-style poems are generally simple and mediocre; In the late Tang Dynasty, the style was small and fragmentary.
(3) Style: The style represented by Yang Yi, Yang Yi and Yang Yi is a little later than that represented by Lin Bu in the late Tang Dynasty. In the second year of Jingdezhen in Song Zhenzong (1005), Yuan Gui was compiled. Yang, Liu and Qian all participated in the compilation. In their spare time, they wrote many singing poems, which Yang Yi compiled into a collection of poems called Quincy Singing Collection. Because the words were written in the secretary cabinet of the emperor's library, I borrowed the legend that Yushan, the place where the emperor collected books, was located in the west of Kunlun, and named it "Kunxi". The anthology is divided into two volumes, namely, Yang Yi, Qian, Li,,, Herry Liu and Song. Among them, there are 202 poems by Yang, Liu and Qian, accounting for more than four fifths of the total. Because of their high political and literary status, as soon as this book of poems came out, the world followed suit and the poetic style changed.
Quincy poets advocate learning Li Shangyin's poems. They think that Li's poems are "brilliant, elegant and meaningful, fluent in explanation, endless in charm, endless in deliberation and indescribable in sound and rhyme" (quoted from the Imperial History Fact Garden), hoping to change the shallow and lonely poetic style at that time with the profound and magnificent poems of Li. However, they only limited the change of poetic style to form, thinking that "studying predecessors' works and polishing them" would produce excellent works, and they wanted to win by accumulating gorgeous words and obscure allusions. For example, Yang and Liu wrote a series of poems on the topic of tears. They listed many sad events and figures in history and pieced them together. Because they have no real feelings about life, there is nothing new. They just collected the poems and allusions of predecessors and thought that books were poems. At that time, some people were deeply dissatisfied with this kind of poem and pointed out the disadvantages of its imitation. At a palace banquet, "the excellent person is Yishan (Li Shangyin), whose clothes are torn, and he said to people,' I don't work for the treasuries anymore.' The listeners are all amazed. "("Ancient and Modern Poetry ")