Basic knowledge of literary history: Students are required to master the basic common sense of the "overview of literature" and introduction to writers in the textbook, including the main literary styles of each era, the development of important literary schools, representative writers and representative works 3 Basic information about writers with key works, including names, names, titles, genres, important anthologies, annotations and related necessary knowledge; the writing process, editions, ideological significance and artistic characteristics of some important works.
Works: According to the outline requirements, the literary works are divided into two parts: key works and general works.
The requirements for general works are generally limited to the scope of knowledge, such as author, title, genre of the work, basic content type of the work, etc. For key works, you should be familiar with, understand and analyze them. The so-called familiarity means to be familiar with the basic situation of the work and the detailed content of the work; the so-called understanding means to be able to correctly understand the words, sentences, allusions, etc. of the work, and to be able to accurately grasp the ideological content and social significance of the work; the so-called ability to analyze, It means being able to start from the work, make a realistic and concrete analysis of the ideological content and artistic features of the work, and comment on its pros and cons.
Part One: Pre-Qin Literature
Knowledge Points
1. Overview of Pre-Qin Literature
2. Poetry
3. Prose
4. Fable
Requirements:
1. Overview of pre-Qin literature
Memorization:
1. "Tan Ge" is a more credible original ballad.
2. Famous myths and legends include "Nuwa mending the sky" and "Jingwei mending the sea".
3. "The Book of Songs" is my country's first collection of poetry.
4. The works in "The Book of Songs" are divided into three categories: "wind", "elegance" and "song" according to the music tone.
5. Chu Ci is a new poetry style formed in the late Warring States Period.
6. "Li Sao" is the longest self-narrative lyric poem in the history of Chinese literature.
7. Pre-Qin historical prose mainly includes "Zuo Zhuan", "Guoyu", "Warring States Policy", etc.
8. "Zuo Zhuan" is a chronicle of the Spring and Autumn Period.
9． "Guoyu" is my country's first national history.
10. "Warring States Policy" is compiled based on historical materials from the Warring States period.
11. The development of prose by pre-Qin scholars has gone through three stages: quotation style, conversational argumentation and thematic exposition.
12． The Analects of Confucius is a collection of quotation-style prose that describes the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples.
13. "Mozi" is the work of Mo Zhai and his later scholars.
14. "Mencius" is a collection of dialogue-style quotation prose that records the words and deeds of Mencius and his disciples.
15. "Zhuangzi" makes good use of strangely conceived metaphors and fables.
16． The articles in "Xunzi" are all long academic papers on special topics.
17. "Han Feizi" contains a large number of fables, including the first and second chapters of "Chu Shuo" and "Shuo Lin".
Simple application:
1. Briefly describe the content of social life reflected in The Book of Songs.
2. Briefly analyze the techniques of Fu, Bi and Xing in The Book of Songs.
3. Briefly analyze the characteristics of "Zuo Zhuan" that is good at narrative.
4. Briefly analyze the characteristics of "Warring States Policy" that is good at rhetoric.
5. Briefly describe the three stages and representative works of prose development by pre-Qin scholars.
6. Briefly analyze the characteristics of Zhuangzi's use of metaphors and fables.
Part 2 Literature of the Han Dynasty
Knowledge points:
1. Overview of the Literature of the Han Dynasty
2. Poetry
3. Prose
4. Stories from "History" and "Han"
Requirements:
1. 1. Overview of Han Dynasty Literature
Memorization:
1. Fu is a new literary style that is a symbol of Han Dynasty literature.
2. The originators of Fu can be attributed to Song Yu and Xun Kuang during the Warring States Period.
3. Fu in the Han Dynasty can be divided into three categories: Sao Fu, Da Fu and Xiao Fu.
4. Jia Yi's "Fu in Diao Qu Yuan" is a representative work of Sao style Fu.
5. The work that marks the formation of the great Fu of the Han Dynasty is Mei Cheng's "Seven Hairs".
6. Sima Xiangru is a representative writer of Han Fu, and "Zixu Fu" and "Shanglin Fu" are his representative works.
7. The great Fu of the Han Dynasty has the characteristics of "extravagant and vigorous" and "advising hundreds of people to satirize one thing".
8. Zhang Heng's "Guitian Fu" marks the change of small Fu replacing big Fu.
9． Sima Qian's "Historical Records" was the first biographical history book and the first biographical general history in my country.
10. The style of "Historical Records" includes five parts: chronicles, lists, books, aristocratic families, and biographies.
11. "Hanshu" is my country's first chronological history in the form of biographies.
12． The style of "Hanshu" includes four parts: Ji, Biao, Zhi and Zhuan.
13. Representative writers of political treatises in the Western Han Dynasty include Jia Yi, Huang Cuo, etc.
14. Yuefu folk songs of the Han Dynasty have the creative spirit of "feeling sorrow and music, and inspired by events".
15. "Nineteen Ancient Poems" is a representative work of five-character poems by literati in the Han Dynasty.
Simple application:
1. Briefly describe the respective characteristics of Sao style Fu, Da Fu and Xiao Fu in the Han Dynasty.
2. Briefly describe the ideological content of "Historical Records".
3. Briefly analyze the characteristics of biographies that are good at writing about characters in "Historical Records".
4. Briefly analyze the characteristics of language art in "Historical Records".
5. Briefly analyze the artistic characteristics of narrative poetry in Han Yuefu.
6. Briefly describe the ideological content of "Nineteen Ancient Poems".
Part Three: Literature of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties
Knowledge points:
1. Overview of the Literature of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties
2. Poetry
p>3. Ci Fu and Prose
4. Novels
Requirements:
1. Overview of the literature of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties
Memorize
1. The representative writers of Jian'an poetry are Sancao and Qizi.
2. Cao Cao's poems are good at using old titles and Yuefu to write about current affairs.
3. Cao Pi's "Yan Ge Xing" is the earliest complete seven-character poem by a literati.
4. Zhong Rong's "Shi Pin" said that Cao Zhi's poems have "extraordinarily high character, brilliant words, emotion and elegance, and elegant style."
5. Wang Can was hailed as the "Crown of the Seven Sons" of Jian'an in "The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons".
6. Cai Yan's representative work is the five-character "Poetry of Sorrow and Indignation".
7. The representative writers of Zhengshi poetry are Ruan Ji and Ji Kang.
8. Zuo Si's representative work is the eight poems "Ode to History".
9． Tao Yuanming's poems can be divided into pastoral poems, odes to feelings, and epic poems according to their themes and content.
10. Representative works of folk songs in the Northern Dynasties include "Mulan Poetry" and "Chile Song".
11. Bao Zhao's representative work is the eighteen poems "It's Difficult to Travel".
12． "Xie Xie" refers to Xie Lingyun and Xie Xi.
13. Xie Tiao is the representative poet of "Yongming Style".
14. Geng Xin is the master of poetry creation in the Southern and Northern Dynasties.
15. Parallel prose is mainly composed of four-character sentences and six-character sentences, and pays attention to parallelism, rhythm, allusions and ornamentation.
16． Geng Xin was the most accomplished writer in parallel-style literature in the Northern and Southern Dynasties.
17. Qian Bao's "Sou Shen Ji" is the most accomplished among the supernatural novels.
18. The representative work of Zhiren's novels is Liu Wenqing's "Shi Shuo Xin Yu".
19. Cao Pi's "Classical Treatise" affirmed that literature is "a great cause of governing the country and an immortal event."
20． Lu Ji's "Wen Fu" puts forward the view that "poetry is related to emotion and is beautiful".
21. Liu Xie's "Wen Xin Diao Long" established a relatively complete literary theory system.
22. Zhong Rong's "Shipin" is the earliest extant monograph on poetry in my country.
Simple application:
1. Briefly describe the development process of five-character poetry in the Han Dynasty from folk songs to literati writing.
2. Brief explanation: "Jian'an style".
3. Briefly describe the ideological content of Cao Zhi's later poetry creation.
4. Briefly describe the main ideological content of Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems.
5. Briefly describe the ideological content and artistic characteristics of Gengxin's late poetry.
Part 4: Literature of Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties
Knowledge points:
1. Overview of literature of Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties
2. Poetry
3. Ci
4. Prose
Requirements:
1. Overview of the literature of the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties
Memorization:
p>1. Famous poems of the Sui Dynasty include Lu Sidao's "Walking in the Army" and Xue Daoheng's "Xi Xi Salt".
2. The Tang Dynasty is divided into four periods: the early Tang, the prosperous Tang, the middle Tang, and the late Tang.
3. The palace-style poetry represented by Shangguan Yi is called "Shangguan style".
4. The "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty" refer to Wang Bo, Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaolin and King Luo Bin.
5. Chen Ziang was the first writer in the Tang Dynasty to raise the banner of poetry innovation.
6. Representative writers of the landscape pastoral poetry school in the prosperous Tang Dynasty include Wang Wei, Meng Haoran, etc.
7. The representative writers of the frontier fortress poetry school in the prosperous Tang Dynasty were Gao Shi, Cen Shen, etc.
8. The two great poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty were Li Bai and Du Fu.
9． Li Bai's Qijue embodies the aesthetic ideal of "hibiscus emerges from clear water, and natural sculptures are removed".
10. Du Fu's poems are known as "the history of poetry"
11. "Melancholy and frustration" is the basic style of Du Fu's poetry.
12． "Ten Talents of Dali" enjoyed a high reputation in the poetry world in the early mid-Tang Dynasty.
13. The New Yuefu School of Poetry is represented by Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen.
14. Bai Juyi proposed "Articles" The creative idea is to write together for the occasion, and all songs and poems are composed for the event.
15. The Han and Meng poetry schools are represented by Han Yu, Meng Jiao and Jia Dao.
16. Li He The poetry created a unique realm in the poetry world at the turn of the middle and late Tang Dynasty
17. The poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu in the late Tang Dynasty were known as "Little Li Du"
18. ．Poets who carried forward the creative spirit of New Yuefu include Pi Rixiu, Nie Yizhong, Du Xunhe, etc. 19. Dunhuang tune lyrics are the earliest existing folk lyrics. Wen Tingyun was the first literati to write lyrics vigorously
21. "Huajian Collection" compiled by Zhao Chongzuo of Western Shu in the Five Dynasties is the first collection of literati's poems in China.
22. ．The poets of the Southern Tang Dynasty are represented by Feng Yanji, Li Jing, and Li Yu.
23. The excellent parallel prose works of the early Tang Dynasty include Wang Bo's "Preface to the Pavilion of Prince Teng" and "The Story of Xu Jingye's Calling the World". p>
24. The leaders of the ancient prose movement in the Mid-Tang Dynasty were Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan
25. Han Yu was praised by Su Shi as "the founder of the Eight Dynasties of Literature"
26. Liu Zongyuan's "Eight Notes on Yongzhou" can be regarded as the top of my country's ancient landscape travel notes. 27. Representative writers of late Tang Dynasty essays include Pi Rixiu, Lu Guimeng, Luo Yin, etc.
28. ．The legends of the Tang Dynasty are short stories written in classical Chinese
29. The famous legends of the Tang Dynasty include "The Biography of the Prefect of Nanke", "The Story of the Pillow"; "The Biography of Huo Xiaoyu" and "The Biography of Liu Yi". ", "The Biography of Li Wa", "The Biography of Yingying", etc.
Simple application:
1. Briefly analyze the artistic achievements of Li Bai's poems.
2. . Briefly describe the ideological content of Du Fu’s poetry.
3. Briefly analyze the artistic achievements of Du Fu’s poetry.
5. Briefly describe the ancient prose movement of the Mid-Tang Dynasty.
6. Briefly describe the artistic achievements of Han Yu’s prose. 7. Briefly analyze the artistic characteristics of Liu Zongyuan’s landscape travel notes.
Part 5. Literature of the Song Dynasty
Knowledge points:
1. Overview of the literature of the Song Dynasty
2. Poetry
3. Ci
4. Prose
Requirements
1. Overview of Song Dynasty literature
Notes:
1. Wang Yu, a poet in the early Song Dynasty, followed Bai Juyi's example.
2. The Xikun Poetry School in the early Song Dynasty got its name from the "Xikun Song Collection" compiled by Yang Yi.
3. Ouyang Xiu was the leader of poetry innovation in the Northern Song Dynasty.
4. The poets Mei Yaochen and Su Shunqin in the early Northern Song Dynasty were both called "Meisu".
5. The Jiangxi Poetry School, represented by Huang Tingjian, advocates "reshaping the body" and "turning iron into gold".
6. The Jiangxi Poetry School got its name from the "Picture of Jiangxi Poetry Society Sects" written by Lu Benzhong.
7. Yang Wanli's landscape poems formed a unique style, which is known as "Chengzhai style".
8. The poem "Pastoral Miscellany in Four Seasons" earned Fan Chengda the title of "Pastoral Poet" in the history of literature.
9． Lu You is the greatest patriotic poet in the Song Dynasty.
10. The Yongjia Silings flaunted their poetry in the late Tang Dynasty and devoted themselves to learning from Jia Dao and Yao He.
11. The Jianghu Poetry School got its name from the "Jianghu Xiaoji" printed by Qiantang poet and bookseller Chen Qi.
12． Representative writers of Ci in the early Northern Song Dynasty include Yan Shu, Ouyang Xiu, Yan Jidao, Liu Yong, Su Shi, etc.
13. Famous poets in the late Northern Song Dynasty include Qin Guan, He Zhu, etc.
14. Zhou Bangyan is a writer who embodies the Wanyue Ci of the Northern Song Dynasty.
15. Li Qingzhao said in his poem "Don't be the same family".
16． Zhang Yuanqian and Zhang Xiaoxiang were inspired by Su Shi and other bold poets such as Xin Qiji.
17. Xin Qiji is the greatest patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty.
18. Representative poets of the elegant style of poetry in the late Southern Song Dynasty include Jiang Kui, Shi Dazu and Wu Wenying.
19. The Eight Great Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties refer to Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Ouyang Xiu, Zeng Gong, Wang Anshi, Su Xun, Su Shi and Su Che.
20． Huaben refers to the script used by speaking artists to tell stories.
21. The scripts of the Song Dynasty are mainly divided into two categories: novels and historical narratives.
22. Yuan Haowen is the most famous poet in the Jin Dynasty.
23. Dong Jieyuan's "The Romance of the West Chamber" had a great influence on Yuan and Ming operas.
Simple application:
1. Outline the main features of Song poetry.
2. Briefly describe Ouyang Xiu's achievements in poetry creation.
3. This article briefly describes the artistic achievements of Su Shi's poetry.
4. Briefly describe the ideological content of Lu You's poems.
5. Briefly describe Liu Yong's contribution to the development of Ci.
6. Briefly describe Su Shi's contribution to the development of Ci.
7. Briefly analyze the artistic characteristics of Zhou Bangyan's Ci.
8. Briefly analyze the artistic characteristics of Li Qingzhao's Ci.
9． A brief analysis of the artistic achievements of Xin Qiji's Ci.
10. Briefly describe the artistic characteristics of Su Shi's prose.
Part 6 Literature of the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties
Knowledge points:
1. Overview of the literature of the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties
2. Opera
p>3. Sanqu
4. Novels
Requirements:
1. Overview of Yuan, Ming and Qing culture
Memorization ：
1. Yuan Opera includes two parts: Zaju and Sanqu;
2. The creation center of Zaju in the early Yuan Dynasty was in Dadu (today's Beijing), with representative writers including Han Qing, Wang Shifu, Bai Pu, Ma Zhiyuan, Kang Jinzhi, etc.
3. Guan Hanqing was praised by Wang Guowei as "the number one person in the Yuan Dynasty".
4. In the late Yuan Dynasty, the center of Zaju drama creation moved southward to Lin'an (today's Hangzhou), and the best writer was Zheng Guangzu.
5. Nan Opera, also known as "Xi Wen", is a local opera that originated in Wenzhou during the Song Dynasty and became popular in the south.
6. "Pipa Ji" written by Gao Ming in the late Yuan Dynasty was praised by later generations as the "ancestor of Southern Opera".
7. The four major legends in the late Yuan Dynasty refer to "The Story of Jing Chai", "The Story of Liu Zhiyuan's White Rabbit", "Moon Worship Pavilion" and "The Story of Killing the Dog".
8. Ma Zhiyuan was one of the leading Sanqu masters in the Yuan Dynasty, including "Dongli Yuefu".
9． Representative writers of Sanqu in the late Yuan Dynasty include Zhang Zhongjiu, Qiao Ji, Zhang Yangzhi, etc.
10. Yang Wei frame was the leader of poetry circles in the late Yuan Dynasty.
11. The six major novels refer to "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "Water Margin", "Journey to the West", "The Plum in the Golden Vase", "The Scholars" and "A Dream of Red Mansions".
12． "Three words" and "two beats" refer to Feng Menglong's "The Ming Yan", "Warning Words", "Eternal Words to Awaken the World" and Ling Chu's "Surprise at the First Moment" and "Surprise at the Second Moment";
13. Legend style, note style, chapter style and narrative style are the four main systems of ancient Chinese novels.
14. Legends of the Ming and Qing Dynasties are a new form of opera that mainly sings southern operas.
15. The most outstanding opera master of the Ming Dynasty is Tang Xianzu.
16． Representing the highest achievements in the theater circles of the Qing Dynasty were Hong's "The Palace of Eternal Life" and Kong Shangren's "The Peach Blossom Fan" during the Kangxi period.
17. Important poets in the Ming Dynasty include Liu Ji and Gao Qi.
18. In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the "First Seven Sons" represented by Li Mengyang and He Jingming and the "Later Seven Sons" represented by Li Panlong and Wang Shiyuan emerged, advocating that "literature must be compared with Qin and Han Dynasties, and poetry must be compared with the prosperous Tang Dynasty".
19. The representative poets of the early Qing Dynasty were Qian Qianyi, Wu Weiye and Wang Shiji.
20． The poets who created a new pattern in the middle Qing Dynasty were Ding Mei and Zhao Yi.
21. The three poets in the early Qing Dynasty refer to Chen Weisong, Zhu Yizun and Nalan Xingde.
22. Chen Weisong's poems are extremely rich, and he is the best poet in ancient and modern times.
23. Zhang Huiyan founded the Changzhou Ci School in the mid-Qing Dynasty.
24. Among the writers of the Tang and Song schools in the Ming Dynasty, Gui Youguang had the highest creative achievement.
25. The public security faction is represented by Yuan Hongdao, Yuan Zongdao, and Yuan Zhongdao.
26. The three masters of prose in the early Qing Dynasty were Hou Fangyu, Wei Xi and Wang Wan.
27. The Tongcheng School, represented by Fang Bao, Liu Dakui and Yao Lai, was the most influential prose school in the Qing Dynasty
Simple application:
1. Briefly describe the development of Yuan Zaju.
2. Briefly describe the development of Yuan Sanqu.
3. Briefly describe the ideological content of the Ming and Qing chapter novels.
4. Briefly describe the stylistic characteristics of Ming and Qing novels.
5. Briefly describe the development of poetry in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
6. Briefly describe the development of poetry in the Qing Dynasty.
7. Briefly describe the development of prose in the Ming Dynasty.
8. Briefly describe the literary ideas of the Tongcheng School.
Attachment: Modern Literature
1. Overview of Modern Literature
Memorization:
1. The representative figure of the "poetry revolution" is Huang Zunxian.
2. The representative poets during the bourgeois democratic revolution period were Qiu Jin and Zhang Binglin.
3. There are two branches of modern prose: "New Style Prose" and the later "Tongcheng School".
4. The four major condemnation novels refer to "The Appearance of Officialdom", "The Strange Current Situation Witnessed in Twenty Years", "The Old Remnant", and "The Flower of Evil".