Dynasty: Tang Dynasty
Author: Bai Juyi
I miss a person, far away from home.
I felt something, and it was deeply rooted in my intestines.
I can't be far away from home, and I don't look forward to it every day.
I can't solve the problem in depth and don't think about it every night.
What's more, I stayed alone in the empty hall this evening.
Autumn is unknown, rain and dust.
If you don't learn Buddhism, you can forget your peace of mind.
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This poem is not a neat modern poem popular in the Tang Dynasty. It has seven sentences, and the first four sentences use a lot of words repeatedly, which is not in line with the habit of poetry. The description of the image is placed after the narrative, and there are no metaphors and allusions in the whole poem, but a lot of stimulation and comparison. It can be said that there is no rhythm at all, and the most sincere feelings are expressed in the most straightforward language.
Cut to the chase from the beginning, write what you want to say, as if words that have been suppressed for a long time blurted out, and strong emotional colors are immediately displayed in front of readers without rendering images. The four sentences are in the same form, but they have deep feelings. The first sentence mentioned people's yearning and distance, which is a flat overview. So far, I have not mentioned what kind of people they are and how much they miss her. The second sentence focuses on missing, and the degree of missing is not deep. At this point, the center of the whole poem has pointed out the framework, which is clear, but only a picture. If compared with painting, composition, or sketch before meticulous painting, the lines are concise and powerful. The third sentence is the expansion and extension of the first sentence, the degree of hometown, hometown, more accurately, the life of hometown, and the deep yearning of hometown people. The fourth sentence is an extension of the second sentence. One or three sentences are realistic, and both hometown and people exist objectively. The second and fourth sentences are empty, and the things in memory and the feeling of colic are the poet's subjective feelings. One is solid, the other is virtual, rendering atmosphere. At this point, the line drawing has been dyed and a faint color has appeared. The warm and cold colors of Yin and Yang are initially clear. Poets give "people" a gap and "things" a knot. "Separation" and "knot" are all cold words, giving people the feeling that a pair of lovestruck lovers are separated by the living point. The beauty of these two words is that the poet wrote his fiery feelings in two cold words, and the fiery was defeated by the cold. At this time, his feeling of colic seemed natural and touched the readers. Here, the poet used another moving verb "look forward". Hometown is far away, you can see it if you look forward, but you still have to look forward. Even if your eyes can't see, your heart has already returned to the lover in that hometown.
The front is a description of a country with a long history. From the sentence "It's like this", the poet began to describe a rainy night scene.
When describing the rainy night scene written in the title of this poem, the author cherishes words like gold. He only used two sentences and twenty words. But these twenty words are really a word and a bead. These two sentences do not write thoughts, thoughts, people or things, but only describe many images, lights, halls, days and storms in concise words. A situation word shows that what these four sentences describe is further increased on the premise of the first four sentences. So emotionally, it is also increased by the thoughts of the first four sentences. A word "situation" instead of a thousand words of psychological description can be described as a master's work. Night is time. Before "night", the poet used a noun as an adjective to describe "night" and "residual lamp". It must be late at night when the lights are on at six o'clock in the evening. The poet can't sleep at night and misses his lover for a long time. Under the dim light of the residual lamp, the long wick makes the light flicker. How can a poet not be sad under such circumstances? Nothing naturally appears silent, and silence makes the room look "empty" and lonely. "Empty" is not necessarily a real lack of furniture, but a lack of "people". An "empty hall" is not necessarily an "empty hall", but also a loss in the poet's heart. Autumn, Ignorance and Storm are more harmonious with the scenery. Autumn rain often gives people a cold feeling, and the residual lamp will not give the poet any temperature. The word "Cang Cang" is not only a description of the wind and rain, but also the poet's mood at this time. These two sentences, without missing a word, render the poet's yearning for every word. At this point, the dyed line drawing has basically been colored.
The last sentence can be described as the finishing touch and straightforward writing, which pushes the whole poem to a climax like a tune. I once read in a book that "forgetting words is the most cruel Chinese character for men and women who love each other but can't be together." Want to forget, but can't forget, want to forget, but dare not forget. The poet's unforgettable love ended in vain, and countless thoughts, where to talk. At this point, a masterpiece has been completed.
The whole poem runs through Bai Juyi's big, simple and wonderful style. Although it is about love and missing, it is not as graceful as most love poems. The delicate atmosphere is not deliberate, but an emotion and a natural feeling.
Creation background
This poem was written in Yuanhe six years, when Bai Juyi was forty. As can be seen from "Leaving a Room Alone", this poem is written for a woman who loves the author. According to Zhou's textual research, this person is Xiang Ling, the "east neighbor of Shan Juanzi" mentioned many times in Bai Juyi's poems.
Bai Juyi (772 ~ 846), also known as Xiangshan Jushi in his later years, was a great realistic poet in Tang Dynasty in China. His poems have a wide range of themes, diverse forms and popular language, and are known as "Poet Saint" and "Poet King". Official to Hanlin bachelor, Zuo Zanshan doctor. Up to now, there are Bai's "Changqing Collection", and the representative works include Song of Eternal Sorrow, Charcoal Man, Pipa Travel and so on. Bai Juyi was born in Xinzheng, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, and was buried in Luoyang. Bai Juyi's former residence memorial hall is located in the suburb of Luoyang. Bai Yuan (the tomb of Bai Juyi) is located at Pipa Peak in Xiangshan, south of Luoyang.