Hangou is an ancient canal connecting the Yangtze River and Huaihe River. It is a great project created by the working people of the ancient Han nationality and the earliest recorded canal. Also known as Qushui, Hanjiang River, Zhongdushui, Shanyangdu, Huaiyang Canal and Lili Canal. Hangou starts from the Yangtze River south of Yangzhou in the south and reaches the Huaihe River north of Huai 'an in the north.
"Qiu, Wu Chengyuan [hán], communicate with Jianghuai." In 486 BC, when Fu Cha, the king of Wu, dug up the first shovel in the Han ditch, Yangzhou opened the road from "barbarians" to prosperity. For 2,500 years, Hangou has been regarded as the "source" of Yangzhou civilization and the predecessor and beginning of the Grand Canal. In the case of underdeveloped land transportation in ancient times, Hangou and later the Grand Canal became the most important mode of transportation in Yangzhou. Especially in the Tang Dynasty, Yangzhou became the center of national grain transportation, occupying an important political, economic and cultural position. At this time, the merchants in Yangzhou were like clouds, winning the reputation of "Yangzhou viewing the sky" and creating the most brilliant period in Yangzhou. It can be said that it was born because of the ancient Han ditch, the canal and Yangzhou. China's Grand Canal is one of the three world-famous Grand Canal, Suez Canal was dug in 1859, Panama Canal was dug in 188 1 year, and Hangou was dug in 486 BC, so Guhangou is the earliest canal in the world.