The first solar term of the first year: spring
The first solar term every year is "beginning of spring", and people usually call it "Da Chun". Why do you call it that? There is a custom in Chinese history. On this day in early spring every year, people will put on holiday clothes, carry a big paper cow and parade in the street singing and dancing. After the parade, the cows wrapped in paper were carried to the courtyard of the county government, and were whipped three times by Angel, the county official, which means: Come back to the earth in spring and plant the land quickly. Therefore, people call beginning of spring "Da Chun". )
1 month 1 day: New Year's Day.
(The word "New Year's Day" comes from the poem "Jieya" written by Xiao Ziyun, a native of A Liang in the Southern Dynasties: "Four spirits of New Year's Day, long life from today". Yuan is the beginning, the first meaning; Dan is a knowing word. The "sun" above represents the sun and the "one" below represents the horizon. The sun rises from the horizon, symbolizing the beginning of the day. New Year's Day is the first day of the year.
Gregorian calendar 65438+ 10 month 1 is recognized as New Year's Day in the world today. The dates of the New Year in China are not consistent. For example, the Xia Dynasty is the first day of the first month; Shang dynasty is the first day of December; The Zhou Dynasty is the first day of November, and so on. 1 On September 27th, 949, the first plenary session of China People's Political Consultative Conference passed the Law on the Chronology of the AD, which designated the Gregorian calendar1as New Year's Day. )
The fifteenth day of the first lunar month: Lantern Festival
(Also known as "Shangyuan Festival", that is, the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. This is an important traditional festival in China. In ancient books, this day is called Shangyuan, and its night is called Yuanye, Yuanxi or Yuanxiao. The name Yuanxiao has been used ever since. Because Lantern Festival has the custom of hanging lanterns and watching lanterns, it is also called Lantern Festival among the people. In addition, there are customs such as eating Yuanxiao, walking on stilts and riddles. The ancient calendars in China were closely related to the phases of the moon. On the fifteenth day of each month, people will welcome the first full moon night of the year, which is naturally considered as an auspicious day. As early as the Han Dynasty, the fifteenth day of the first month has been regarded as a day of offering sacrifices to gods and praying for blessings. Later, the ancients called the fifteenth day of the first month Shangyuan, the fifteenth day of July Zhongyuan and the fifteenth day of October Xia Yuan. At the latest, in the early Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sanyuan was the day when grand ceremonies were held. Of the three elements, Shangyuan is the most valued. Later, the celebrations in the Central Plains and Xia Yuan were gradually abolished, but Shangyuan was enduring. )
Dragon Head Festival
According to folklore, every second day of the second lunar month is the day when the Dragon King, who is in charge of heavenly sexuality, looks up. After that, the rain will gradually increase. Therefore, this day is called "Spring Festival". It is widely circulated in northern China that "on February 2, the dragon looked up; The big warehouse is full and the small warehouse flows. " Folk proverbs.
Whenever the Spring Festival comes, in most parts of northern China, every family carries lanterns to fetch water from wells or rivers in the morning, and when they get home, they light a fire, burn incense and offer offerings. In ancient times, people called this ceremony "attracting dragons". On this day, every household will eat noodles, fried oil cakes and popcorn, which are compared with "picking the dragon's head", "eating gentian", "golden beans bloom, the dragon king ascends to heaven, the clouds are raining, and the grains are abundant" to show good luck.
The day before Tomb-Sweeping Day: cold food
(A festival in old customs, the day before Tomb-Sweeping Day [two days before Tomb-Sweeping Day]. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhong Er, the son of the State of Jin who had been exiled for many years, returned to China and acceded to the throne [that is, Jin Wengong]. Except the introduction, all the courtiers who died with him were treated with respect. Jie Zhitui then lived in seclusion with his mother in Mianshan (now southeast of Jiexiu County, Shanxi Province). When Jin Wengong learned about it, he wanted to raise the bonus. He found Mianshan, but he couldn't find it, so he wanted to burn the mountain and force him out. But Jiezhi couldn't hold on, and both mother and son were burned to death. Therefore, Jin Wengong stipulates that people are forbidden to cook on the fire and express their condolences with cold food on this day every year. Later, the custom of eating cold food to sweep the grave at the Cold Food Festival was formed. )
April 5: Tomb-Sweeping Day
Tomb-Sweeping Day is a traditional festival in China, and it is also the most important festival to worship ancestors and sweep graves. Grave-sweeping is commonly known as going to the grave and offering sacrifices to the dead. Most Han people and some ethnic minorities visit graves in Tomb-Sweeping Day. According to the old custom, when sweeping graves, people should bring food, wine, fruit, paper money and other items to the cemetery, offer food to the graves of their loved ones, then burn the paper money, cultivate new soil for the graves, break some green branches and insert them in front of the graves, then kowtow and worship, and finally go home after eating and drinking. The poem Qingming written by Du Mu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, said: "There are many rains during the Qingming period, and pedestrians on the road want to break their souls. Ask local people where to buy wine? The shepherd boy pointed to Xinghua Village. " Write about the special atmosphere in Tomb-Sweeping Day.
Tomb-Sweeping Day, also known as the outing festival, according to the solar calendar, between April 4th and 6th every year, it is the season of beautiful spring and lush vegetation, and it is also a good time for people to have a spring outing, so the ancients had the custom of going for an outing in Qingming and carrying out a series of sports activities. )
The fifth day of the fifth lunar month: Dragon Boat Festival
The fifth day of the fifth lunar month is the Dragon Boat Festival. The real name of "Dragon Boat Festival" is "Dragon Boat Festival", which means the beginning. "Five" and "noon" are homophonic and universal. This is an ancient festival in China. Qu Yuan, the earliest patriotic poet in ancient China.
After being exiled by slanderers, he witnessed the increasingly corrupt politics of Chu, but he could not realize his political ideal and save the dying motherland, so he threw himself into the river. Since then, in order to prevent fish and shrimp from eating their bodies, people have kneaded glutinous rice and flour into cakes of various shapes and put them in the heart of the river, which has become the source of eating zongzi and fried cakes during the Dragon Boat Festival. This custom has spread abroad. )
The seventh day of the seventh lunar month: Qixi Valentine's Day
(The night on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month is called "Qixi". According to China folklore, the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl meet at the Magpie Bridge in Tianhe tonight. Later, some women asked Vega for help on this night and other customs. The so-called cleverness is to thread a needle through Vega with colored thread in the moonlight. It would be a "coincidence" if you could pass through seven pinholes of different sizes. The agricultural proverb goes: "On the seventh day of July, it is clear, and the sickle is used to cut rice." It's time to sharpen the sickle and get ready to harvest the early rice. )
The fifteenth day of the seventh lunar month: Ghost Festival on the Mid-Yuan Festival.
Every year, the fifteenth day of the seventh lunar month is called "Orchid Festival", also called "Mid-Autumn Festival". In some places, it is also called "Ghost Festival" and "Stone Drum". Originally a Buddhist ceremony in India, Buddhists held "bonsai" to recommend their ancestors. The Orchid Sutra, a Buddhist scripture, is aimed at filial piety and enlightenment, which is in line with China's popular belief that seeking before going far and mourning is greater than dying, so it is becoming more and more popular. The story of Manglietia Manglietia saving Mu Er is widely circulated among the people:
"A lotus monk, powerful. His mother fell into the hungry ghost road, and the food mouth turned into flames. Hunger was too bitter. Unable to save his mother, Mu Lian asked the Buddha for advice. In order to talk about the Lanpen Sutra, she taught July 15th to make a Lanpen to save her mother. "
August 15th of the lunar calendar: Mid-Autumn Festival
The fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, which is in the middle of autumn, is called the Mid-Autumn Festival. In the evening, the full moon in Gui Xiang is regarded as a symbol of happy reunion by the old customs. This is a festival to prepare all kinds of fruits and cooked food to enjoy the moon. Eat moon cakes on Mid-Autumn Festival. Legend has it that at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, in order to overthrow the brutal rule of the Yuan Dynasty, the broad masses of the people wrote the date of the uprising on a piece of paper, put it in the stuffing of moon cakes, and secretly passed it on to each other, calling on everyone to revolt on August 15. Finally, on this day, a nationwide peasant uprising broke out and overthrew the decadent Yuan Dynasty. Since then, the custom of eating moon cakes on Mid-Autumn Festival has spread more widely. )
The ninth day of the ninth lunar month: Double Ninth Festival
(the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. In ancient China, the ninth was the sun, and the ninth of September was the sun of the cloudy moon, hence the name "Chongyang". According to legend, during the Eastern Han Dynasty, when Runan people were in the shade, they heard Fei Changfang tell him that there would be a great disaster in Runan on September 9, so they quickly asked their families to sew a junior, put Cornus officinalis in it, tied it to their arms, climbed the mountain and drank chrysanthemum wine in order to take refuge. On this day, the whole family climbed the mountain and went home at night. Sure enough, all the chickens, dogs and sheep in the family are dead. Since then, there have been folk customs such as making dogwood instead, drinking chrysanthemum wine, holding temple fairs and climbing mountains. Because "Gao" and "Gao" are homonyms, there is a custom of eating "Chongyang cake" on the Double Ninth Festival. Wang Weiyou, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem "Thinking of Shandong Brothers in the Mountain Festival": "When people are in a foreign land, they miss their relatives more than ever. I know from a distance where my brother climbed, and there is one person missing from the dogwood. " Recorded the customs at that time. Because of sincere feelings, this poem has become a household name. )
Lunar calendar 1 1 22nd: winter solstice.
In ancient China, people attached great importance to the winter solstice and thought it was a grand festival. There is a saying that the winter solstice is as big as a year, and there is a custom to celebrate it. "Han Shu" said: "The sun shines on the winter solstice, and you are long, so congratulations." People think that after the winter solstice, the days become longer and longer and the sun rises. This is the beginning of a solar cycle and an auspicious day, which should be celebrated. The Book of Jin records: "On the winter solstice of Wei and Jin Dynasties, people from all over the world celebrated ... its appearance was not as good as that of Zheng Dan." Explain the ancient emphasis on the winter solstice.
Now, some places still celebrate the winter solstice as a festival. The northern region has the custom of slaughtering sheep and eating jiaozi and wonton from winter solstice, while the southern region has the custom of eating glutinous rice balls and long noodles from winter solstice on this day. There is also the custom of offering sacrifices to heaven and ancestors in winter solstice in various regions. )
The eighth day of the twelfth lunar month: Laba Festival
In ancient times, the sacrifice to "God" in December was called the twelfth lunar month, so the twelfth lunar month was called the twelfth lunar month. On the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, the old custom is to drink Laba porridge. According to legend, Sakyamuni became a Buddha on this day, so every time the temple cooked porridge for the Buddha on this day, the people followed suit and became a custom, which continues to this day. )
Little new year
The 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month, also called "off-year", is the day when people worship the kitchen.
It is said that every year on the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, Kitchen God will tell the Jade Emperor about the good and evil of this family and let the Jade Emperor reward and punish them. Therefore, when sending stoves, people put candy, water, beans and grass on the console table in front of the kitchen god statue; Among them, the last three are the mounts of the kitchen god ascending to heaven. When offering sacrifices to the stove, you should melt the Guandong sugar with fire and put it on the mouth of the kitchen god. In this way, he can't speak ill of the jade emperor There is a folk custom that "men don't Yue Bai, women don't offer sacrifices to stoves", so the owner of offering sacrifices to stoves is limited to men.
In addition, on New Year's Eve, the Kitchen God will bring the gods to the world for the New Year, and there will be ceremonies of "receiving the kitchen" and "receiving the gods" on that day. Every family burns sedan chairs and horses, sprinkles three glasses of wine, and sends away the kitchen god, so it's their turn to worship their ancestors.
Lunar New Year's Eve in December: New Year's Eve
(New Year's Eve is called New Year's Eve. In addition, the original meaning is "go" and it is extended to "change" [alternate]; The original meaning of the word "evening" is "sunset" and it is extended to "night". Therefore, New Year's Eve means "get rid of the old year here and get a new year tomorrow". "Except" means to get rid of the old cloth and make a new one. New Year's Eve originated from the "expulsion" in the pre-Qin period. According to Lu Chunqiu? "Dong Jiji" records that on the day before the New Year, the ancients used drums to drive away the "ghost of plague" so that there would be no disease or disaster in the coming year. This is the origin of "New Year's Eve" Festival. In ancient times, there were many nicknames for "New Year's Eve", such as "except night", "except night", "except year" and "except year". Although there are many names, they always mean to send the old to welcome the new and eliminate disasters and diseases. )
The first day of the first lunar month: Spring Festival
(It is the first year of the lunar calendar, commonly known as "Chinese New Year". The origin of the Spring Festival has a history of about 4000 years in China. This is the most lively and grand traditional festival in China. The ancient Spring Festival refers to the "beginning of spring" season in the twenty-four solar terms of the lunar calendar. It was not until the Southern and Northern Dynasties that the Spring Festival was changed to the end of the year, generally referring to the whole spring. At this time, spring returns to the earth and everything is renewed. People regard it as the beginning of a new year. In the early years of the Republic of China after the Revolution of 1911, after the lunar calendar was changed to the Gregorian calendar, the first day of the first month was designated as the Spring Festival. It was not until1September 27th, 949 that the China People's Political Consultative Conference officially designated the New Year on the first day of the first month as the "Spring Festival", so many people still call it the Spring Festival. )
Year:
People often call the Spring Festival "Chinese New Year", and the original meaning of "Year" is essentially different from today. It is said that in ancient times, there was one of the fiercest beasts in the world called Nian. It is bigger than a camel. Run faster than the wind and roar louder than thunder. Once out, people eat people, animals are injured, and people's lives are seriously threatened. In order to punish Nian, the gods locked it in the mountains and allowed it to come out only once a year. In the long-term practice, people find that Nian has three fears-fear of red, fear of noise and fear of fire. So, one year on the thirtieth night of the twelfth lunar month, everyone posted red paper at the door, kept beating gongs and drums and setting off firecrackers, and lit lights all night in the house at night. Take a look at the evening of "Nian", and every family is brightly lit; Hearing this, the sound of shooting was everywhere, scaring it into the village. During the day, it sneaked down the mountain again, only to find that the doors of every household were still red and drums were everywhere, which scared it to turn around and run back. From then on, Nian never came again. It is said that he starved to death in the deep forest. Later, people turned the prevention of "Year" and "Drive Year" into a safe and steady New Year. "Nian" is gone, but the custom of Chinese New Year is still there. Bright red Spring Festival couplets, brilliant lights, crisp firecrackers, loud gongs and drums, year after year. )
There are other poems on the website below the festival poems. Please have a look.
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the Lantern Festival
Jade case element Xi
(Song) Xin Qiji
One night, the east wind made up thousands of trees and flowers, blowing off the stars and rain.
BMW carved cars full of incense, the phoenix moved, the basin lights turned and the fish dragon danced all night.
Moths, snow, willows, gold thread, laughter and incense are all gone.
Looking for him in the crowd, I suddenly turned around, but the man was there, and the fire was dim.
/ch-jieri/qingming/4.htm
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Dragon Boat Festival
May 5(th)
Mei (Northern Song Dynasty)
Qu Shi has sunk to death, and the Chu people can't bear it.
Why not slander, but want to be a dragon?
Hate before death, not after death.
Yuan Xiang Bi Tan Shui wants to see the striker.
/s/blog _ 45 e 95 B2 f 0 100 a086 . html
/question/7920423.html
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Chinese Valentine's Day; Qixi Festival
Anonymous (Chinese)
Distant Altair, Jiao Jiao Hehan girl.
Touch your hand and make a loom.
There is no chapter all day, and tears are pouring down.
The river is clear and shallow, and there are many differences.
Between water and water, there are no words.
/viewthread.php？ tid=2733 173
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Ghosts'Festival
Song Fan Zhongyan's Hundred Flowers on Mid-Autumn Night
Nanyang satrap crazy hair, don't enjoy the moon before the Mid-Autumn Festival.
In Baihuazhou, the greenway is quiet and smooth when you forget to go home at night.
Heaven learns to spit pearls in the blue sea, cold light shoots treasures, and stars are rare.
Look at the world downstairs, Ran Ying is in the rain.
It is inevitable to be cool, and it is fate to be cool tonight.
A flute blew away Wan Liyun, and the host sang loudly and was intoxicated.
The guests were drunk and danced after my songs, which were like CSI.
/culture/2 1 15
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Mid-Autumn Festival (the most classic is Shuidiao, right? )
Jathyapple August 15 Don Du Fu
The full moon flies in the mirror and returns to the heart to fold the sword.
Turn the tent and travel far, climb the laurel and ascend to heaven.
The waterway is suspected of frost and snow, and the forest is covered with feathers.
At this time, I look forward to the white rabbit, and I want to count the autumnal equinox.
/question/90499674.html
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Double Ninth Festival
Bai Juyi in Tang Dynasty: White Chrysanthemum at Chongyang Banquet
A yard full of golden chrysanthemums with a bunch of flowers in the middle, the flowers are so lonely.
Just like today's feast, the old man went to the place where the young man went.
/f？ kz=2765478 1 1
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Winter solstice
Du fu in Tang dynasty from winter to day
I'm a guest all year round, and I'm worried about killing people!
Jiang Shang described me as a lonely old man, and the custom of Horizon is self-dating.
After the snow, the staff came to Danhe, and the Jade Dynasty came to disperse Chen Zi.
My heart is broken at this time, where can I see Sanqin?
/forum/7/topic/9853 19
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Association of laboratory animal breeders
Yi Shi Qinggu sleepwalking in Balatianshui County.
The blood near Qingshui pond is phosphorus, and the horse outside Zhengyangmen is dust.
Just think that Shuiyue has no new hatred and is happy that an old friend has come to Yunshan.
Fine wax is not today, and leisure is like rebirth.
Self-injury, white hair, wandering, a petal of incense, a towel of tears.
/service/help/culture.jsp？ id = 1200379 139342 1824
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Little new year
"Little Year" Wen Tianxiang
When Yan Shuo is poor, Jiangnan worships off-year
Being old is happy, and life experience is death.
It's snowing in Qian Shan, and it's day in Wan Li, Hong Fei.
Going out is boundless, but I am at a loss.
/bb/content/2005 1 104/2005 1 10437 . htm
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the Spring Festival; Chinese New Year
"Happy New Year" Wen Zhiming
I don't want to meet, but I want to talk about it. The famous papers are all us.
I also throw some paper at people. The world is too simple and empty.
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Lots of things, add more, hehe.