(20 12-06-06 10:56:48)
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Casual conversation
Bai Juyi wanted to help the world through his allegorical poems, but this ambition was not realized before his death. Behind him, he inspired generations of people with lofty ideals to give to the whole world. To this day, his Qin Zhongyin and New Yuefu still have distinct practical significance. Speaking of it, Bai Juyi's artistic characteristics and achievements were also unknown before Bai Juyi's death. He knows this very well: "The poems of today's servants are loved by people, but no one cares about miscellaneous poems and songs of everlasting regret." Time is heavy, but servants are light. As for the satirist, the meaning is exciting and qualitative; A leisurely person thinks and talks about it. The quality is not good and it is uncomfortable to love. " Nine Books in Yuyuan Garden
Today, there are still many people who praise Bai Juyi's allegory for its strong political nature and "quality of speech" and belittle its poor artistry. Qin Zhongyin, especially a large number of poems in the new Yuefu, and other allegorical poems are quite artistic. There have been many analyses on Song of Eternal Sorrow and Pipa. However, the ideological discussion of satirical poems is far more than the artistic discussion, so we focus on the artistic characteristics of Bai Juyi's satirical poems.
There is no abstract form divorced from the content, and the artistic form serves to express its ideological content, which determines the form. Since the content is allegorical, it is decided that this kind of poetry must have artistic characteristics different from other poems. It is meaningless or impossible to compare the artistic quality of different kinds of poems. For example, singing, bel canto and pop, and competing separately, each has its own standards, and so does poetry. Some people say that "Carbon Man" is not as artistic as "Song of Eternal Sorrow", which is like putting pop singers and bel canto singers in a group to compete. Some people say that these allegorical poems are too straightforward, too explicit, not smooth and implicit enough, and have no aftertaste. He measured them by the standards of love poems. If there are these shortcomings, it is by no means a good love poem, but it is absurd to ask allegorical poems to be written tactfully and with endless aftertaste. Who can tactfully imply that "there is a drought in the south of the Yangtze River and people in Quzhou eat people" and "I don't know that there are death row inmates who freeze to death in Ganxiang Prison"? "I don't know whether the ground is warm or cold, and I don't want to take people's clothes as lichens." "Peel my silk and take the millet from my mouth. Abuse of people and things is a jackal. Why do you have to scratch your teeth and eat human flesh? " Does such an angry reprimand need to be remembered? Excess is insufficient, and deficiency is insufficient. Therefore, we must analyze the artistic form of fable poetry according to its essential requirements. The more thoroughly the fable is expressed, the more perfect its form and the more distinctive its artistic features are.
What are the artistic features of Bai Juyi's satirical poems? There are several projects:
(a), shaping the typical;
(2) Frame plot;
(3) Highlight the contrast;
(4), combined with discussion.