Please imitate the sentence patterns of the above two figurative sentences and write two similar figurative sentences starting with "* * Mountain".
Mount Tai is like an old man who has experienced Cang Sang. His eyes are bright and he has read all the history of the Spring and Autumn Period and stood silently. Mount Tai, like a man with indomitable spirit, is covered in iron, inspiring a group of heroes to forge ahead bravely.
2. I am based on bright silver thread. God scattered me from the sky to the ground, so nature asked me to decorate Qian Shan.
Simulation sentence _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
A: I am a brilliant pearl, which was scattered from the crown of the goddess Ashtar, so my daughter stole me in the morning to inlay the green fields.
3. Imitate the sentence "The color of spring is cool and green, like blue waves, like tender bamboo, full of hope", and imitate the problems that should be paid attention to.
Content: For example, the color of spring is cool and green, such as green bamboo, which is full of hope; The color of autumn is fiery red, such as sunset glow and red leaves, which indicates the extreme of things. How to imitate this sentence pattern to supplement "summer colors" and "winter colors"? What should I do if I can't write such a question?
A: In the example, "Bibo" and "Tender Bamboo" are both things in the spring season, and they are all green, while green is a "cold" tone. Green is the color of life, so it is full of hope. Just find out what is yellow in summer and white in winter, such as:
The color of summer is warm yellow, such as wheat waves and corn, which symbolizes the strangeness of harvest;
The color of winter is cold white, like ice and snow, which contains the awakening of everything.
In addition, imitation should pay attention to the following points:
First of all, parody involves what content of the sentence. Including theme, meaning, style, artistic conception, etc. The imitation requirements mentioned in the stem must be realized.
Secondly, we should pay attention to the sentence characteristics of the original sentence. Is it a simple sentence or a complex sentence, a rhetorical question or a rhetorical question, a comparative sentence and so on.
Third, pay attention to rhetoric and expression.
Finally, we should pay due attention to the number of words.
Based on the above four aspects, check the original sentence and parody, then parody will not be too difficult and the sentence will meet the requirements.
4. Understanding is the spring breeze in February, which can melt the frozen soul; Understanding is a cup of tea, which can dilute painful memories; Understanding is a good medicine, which can heal the inner wounds.
Imitating sentences to make sentences first appeared in 1994 college entrance examination questions, and was used continuously in the five-year college entrance examination questions from 1998 to 2002. On the surface, the first is to examine rhetorical methods, such as metaphor and parallelism; The second is to examine the continuity of sentence coherence. This kind of topic actually involves the examinee's ability to analyze and examine the topic, the ability to use knowledge, the ability to choose words and make sentences, etc. Therefore, the author summarizes the problem-solving procedures of sentence imitation questions as follows: careful examination of questions, logical thinking and associative expression:
First, examine the questions carefully.
Judging from the feedback information of college entrance examination and usual training over the years, if you want to answer the questions similar to parody, you must first test the questions well.
Imitate the following figurative forms and write another set of sentences: Ask to choose a new ontology and a vehicle with complete meaning (it is not required to have the same number of words as the original sentence) (National College Entrance Examination in 2002)
The sea is the dictionary of water;
Spray is a radical,
The sound of waves is a series of sounds,
Fish, shrimp and seagulls are the characteristics of the sea.
1. exam type-define relevant requirements
First of all, we should analyze and confirm the sentence characteristics and rhetorical devices of the original sentence, especially the internal logical relationship between clauses, and then draw a gourd as usual. If it is a continuation sentence or a complement sentence, we should also consider the semantic care of the context and the consistency of the text. There are two kinds of imitation sentence patterns. One is to imitate example sentences and make sentences separately. Imitation sentences and example sentences are not intrinsically related in content. The main requirement is that the sentence structure and internal logical relationship of the imitation sentence are consistent or basically consistent with the example sentence. This parody is called "gourd imitation". For example, in 2002, 2000, 1998, the college entrance examination imitated sentences; The other is to imitate sentences according to the context. There are both formal requirements and content requirements between the imitated sentence and the example sentence-not only the sentence structure should be consistent or basically consistent, but also the content should be consistent. There must be an internal connection in the world. This type of question is called "sentence imitation": for example, 200l, 1999, 1994 college entrance examination sentence imitation questions;
2. Review of the problem-clear requirements
In order to truly make explicit requirements clear, we can decompose the requirements of the stem item by item, write each point on the draft paper and mark it with serial number; (1) requires new ontologies and carriers, which means that "sea, waves, waves, fish, shrimp and seagulls" can no longer be used as ontologies, but "dictionaries, radicals, phonology and characters" can be used as carriers. (2) "Do not require the same number of words as the original sentence", which means that the sentence patterns are basically the same. (3) Figures of speech should be visualized. Only by meeting these three requirements can we write the correct answer.
3. Example-explicit and implicit requirements
Examples are changeable, and the implied requirements are complex. We can consider its implicit requirements from this aspect: whether the example sentence is simple or complex, declarative or interrogative, affirmative or negative, active or passive, whole or scattered, long or short, regular or variant; Look at the logical relationship between the structure of phrases in a single sentence and clauses in a complex sentence; Look at the style, color and emotional tone; Look at the keywords and so on. Through the analysis of [example 1], we find that it contains the following implicit requirements: this is a total complex sentence with four clauses (① sea is a dictionary of water; ② Wave is the radical; (3) the sound of waves is a note; ④ Fish and shrimp; Seagulls are the language of the sea); Clause 1 and clauses 2, 3 and 4 constitute a total score relationship: clauses 2, 3 and 4 are all in parallel relationship; Clause ④ has two ontologies. The key word "yes" means that the parody form should be a metaphor in figurative rhetoric;
As the saying goes, sharpening a knife does not miss the woodcutter. The process of examining questions is actually a process of "sharpening the knife" and a process of conception; With a clear idea, writing it will not stand aside and will not be forgotten.
Second, two types of questions in the "imitation writing" thinking
On the premise of examining the questions, consider how to "imitate". "Imitation sentence pattern" is the integration of thinking training and language training. Imitators should mobilize their existing knowledge reserves, think logically and give full play to their imagination.
(A) "Draw a gourd ladle" question type
First of all, we should find the connection between sentences, that is, "find the connection"; In other words, you should learn to find out what you want to say "according to what": it can be inferred from the "known" in the title that the first sentence of Shuizu Dictionary always says "There are three metaphors below, and four metaphors constitute a complete meaning". We can infer "what to say", which is a key step, and then there is the problem of tracing.
To analyze the structure, it is more important to imitate the sentence in form, which requires us to understand the sentence pattern, sentence pattern and even tone of the example sentence, and pay attention to the high consistency of the sentence structure when imitating the sentence. Or conventional or variant. Or state or ask questions, or pray or sigh; It is also necessary to understand the semantic relationship within the sentence, whether it is turning or progressive, causal or hypothetical, total score or juxtaposition, and so on. All these must conform to the specifications.
The leading sentence of [example 1] is the main nutrition sentence, the subject is the ontology "sea", the predicate is the metaphor "yes" and the object is the vehicle "a dictionary". The structure of the 234 sentences is the same as the first sentence, except that the ontology is replaced by "waves", "waves" and "fish, shrimp and seagulls" respectively, and the vehicles are replaced by "radicals", "phonetic order" and "characters". Thereby solving the problem of "how to say".
Looking for rhetoric, one of the important purposes of Chinese learning is to correctly understand and use the language of the motherland. Rhetoric, as a means of expression, is obviously not enough to recognize some figures of speech, and the emphasis on "application" in parody is also in line with the content of "correctly using common rhetorical methods" proposed in the examination instructions, which has a good guiding role in improving students' language expression level. Before parody, we should analyze the figures of speech used in a given example, or metaphor or analogy, or metonymy or exaggeration, or antithesis or parallelism, which should be strictly observed.
After searching, the four sentences of [Example 1] use figurative figures of speech.
Match the hue. Tone, that is, color and style. Imitation sentences should be in harmony with example sentences, regardless of context and emotion. In addition, parody should have a high level of conception, a certain charm and interest, and its content should be philosophical and enlightening. Compared with the first three steps, this is a higher requirement, which requires students not only to correctly use basic language knowledge and master basic language operation skills, but also to have certain aesthetic taste.
Imitation sentences should have aesthetic feeling, high conception style and certain significance.
(b) Type of "written statement" questions
Copying examples and writing sentences is to fill in the blanks continuously. That is, in the blank of a sentence or a paragraph, according to the requirements and context, fill in appropriate words to make the sentence complete and full. Fill in the content, which can be the first part of a given sentence or the end of the following sentence: the basic way to solve this kind of problem is to stick to the topic and adapt to the situation.
Stick to the subject. Example complement sentence, the example has a certain topic, the so-called topic, first, refers to the statement object specified in the topic, and the given statement object must be the subject when copying, otherwise it does not meet the requirements; The title also refers to the central theme given in the article.
[Example 2] Fill in the appropriate sentences in the horizontal line below to form a compound sentence (99 college entrance examination questions) that echoes before and after.
The people and the country celebrated her 50th birthday. Fifty years is like a long river, with rapids and slow currents; Fifty years is like a picture scroll, with cool colors and warm colors: ① _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ All kinds of colors, fifty years is like an epic, with both bitterness and joy. The long river flows forever, the picture scroll has just begun, ③ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, and the epic is still being written. Our country is stepping into a new era with firm steps!
To answer this question, first of all, the content should be consistent with the materials provided by the question, including things (people, animals, plants, etc. ) and facts (historical facts, life, characteristics, etc. ); Second, the sentence structure should be consistent with the sentence structure provided by the title (discussed earlier, not repeated here); Three, the words should correspond to the words used in the original topic as much as possible:
[Example 2] The two clauses and the fourth clause have clearly stated the statement object of the third clause, and the statement object of the second half of the clause should be the vehicle of the first half (omitted here). From the content, the first place should be tied with the country's 50-year history. Write a figurative sentence: the object of the statement (ontology) should be fifty years, and the figurative word is "image". The figurative body needs candidates to associate with it, but it should conform to the "long river, scroll and epic". The second place is to describe the written vehicle, that is, the vehicle is the subject, and a set of antonyms are used from the sentence pattern to form a contrast case, which is written in the format of "you …… and you ……"; The third place continues to describe the vehicle as described above, and its central word should be the same as "operation, expansion and continuation"; Also note that words cannot be repeated;
Meet the situation. Complements are usually explicit or implicit in the context, and the completed sentences should be consistent with the specified context.
Third, associative expression
Reporting problems usually needs to express a clear center in a short paragraph. Therefore, if you want to imitate sentences well, careful conception is also a very important prerequisite. Just think about what kind of thoughts and feelings I am expressing before writing; How to use the materials in the topic, how to use expressions and methods; There are several ideas in the brain, which one is novel and unique and can leave a good impression on readers; Which form will be different, unique and give people a refreshing feeling. Only in this way can we get high marks. At this time, we should carefully choose the best ideas and be novel and unique.
Whether it is a gourd-shaped parody sentence or a parody sentence, their similarity is semantic relevance. The parody of "copying gourd" seems to focus on structure, but the sentences written independently also require semantic coherence. The sentence that imitates and complements is semantically related to the original sentence, expressing the same center and forming a harmonious context. Association creation usually has two association methods.
1. Positive analogy correlation. The supplementary sentence forms a positive contrast with the original sentence.
2. Reverse correlation. The supplementary sentence forms a positive and negative contrast with the original sentence;
Fill in the underlined part with proper words, so that the content before and after the clause corresponds to the sentence pattern and the rhetoric method is consistent (200 1 National College Entrance Examination)
Pessimists say that hope is the horizon, even if it is visible, it will never go; Optimists say that hope is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. The morning star, even if it can't be picked, can tell people that the dawn is ahead. )
In a word, parody highlights the word "parody", which is based on the basic knowledge of grammar and rhetoric, the necessary knowledge of philosophy, literature, history and life, and the keen sense of language and excellent language expression ability.
Exercise:
5. Imitate the following philosophical metaphor, start with "struggle" and "hope", and write a metaphor sentence with the same sentence pattern.
Life is a colorful palette.
6. According to the format of the following sentences, imitate two sentences, and the last sentence requires clear meaning.
A seed can rot silently in the soil or grow into a towering tree. 7. Re-create a sentence on the horizontal line below, and form a complete sentence with the sentence "Unification is the mainstream, the normal state, and praised by Chinese people".
The Chinese nation is a great cohesive nation with the tradition of "great unification". In the history of China, there are "division" and "combination". Throughout the historical process, unification is the mainstream, the normal state and praised by the Chinese people; —————— Refer to the contents and sentence patterns of the following sentences and continue to write sentences. (No more than 40 words)
Big things will get smaller, small things will get bigger, and "big" and "small" often transform each other under certain conditions. For example, big losses will be reduced because of timely remedies, and small achievements will increase because of continuous efforts. The same is true of "more" and "less", ————————————————.
9. Imitate the sentence (1) and write two sentences with the same sentence pattern on the horizontal line. The content should be able to deduce the point of view of sentence (2).
(1) Whether it is Cao Xueqin who finished A Dream of Red Mansions in ten years or Li Shizhen who wrote Compendium of Materia Medica after tasting all kinds of herbs; ——————,——————; Their experience tells us that only persistent efforts can achieve success.
10. Continue to write a sentence on the horizontal line, the structure should be similar to that drawn in ~ ~ ~ ~. (within 40 words)
Historical Records is the people's gallery. Sima Qian is like a talented painter, sketched with vivid pen and ink.
Vivid figures; Like ...
1 1. Write a continuation sentence in the line marked below. Requirements: a. The continuation sentence should conform to the meaning of the text and be related to the context.
Natural, literary. B the sentence pattern at (1) (2) should be the same as the underlined sentence pattern before it. C.(3) sentences should come from
Summarize the whole paragraph from both sides.
History is a mirror. If Shang Zhouwang can express his opinions openly, why did he end up in disgrace?
Cracks, buried in the fire? (1) —————————————— However, on the other hand,
If Qi Weiwang had not adopted Zou Ji's sarcastic suggestion, how could he have achieved the result of "defeating the imperial court"? (2)
—————————— To sum up, it is not difficult to see: (3 )——————————————————
12. According to the context, give two more examples. The sentence pattern is the same as the example.
Where there is diligence, there is the story of Confucius' "Three Wonders of Bian Wei", one of the top ten celebrities in the world cultural history.
Reputation; ——————————————。
13. imitate the following two figurative sentences, start with "Beijing" and write two figurative sentences with the same sentence.
Books are like a ladder, which can lead us to the temple of knowledge. Books are like a key, it will help.
Let's open the window of spiritual wisdom.
14. Write a parallelism sentence centering on "success" and "failure".
Answer:
5. Struggle is the paddle to fight the storm.
Hope is to light the lighthouse ahead.
6. A uranium ore can sleep in the stratum in mediocrity, or it can emit earth-shattering energy.
A person can wander around the world with nothing to do, and also make life glow with brilliant light.
7. It is abnormal to split into countercurrent, which is despised by Chinese people.
8. More troubles will be reduced by proper handling, and less experience will be increased by active exploration.
9. Whether it is Madame Curie who painstakingly studied and finally discovered "radium" or Stephen King who was seriously ill but explored the causes of the universe; Whether Marx studied hard for decades before writing Das Kapital, or Edison devoted himself to research and experiment and invented the incandescent lamp.
10. An excellent sculptor created statues with different spirits with a sharp carving knife.
1 1.( 1) If Yuan Shao was polite to Corporal Xian, why did he lose his lair?
What if we lose Guandu?
(2) If Emperor Taizong did not listen to Wei Zhi's advice, how could there be a peaceful and prosperous time of "Zhenguan rule"?
(3) Those who are good at accepting people's words are prosperous (teachable and regular); People who refuse to accept what others say will die (people who stop slandering will die).
12. With diligence, Zu Ti's beautiful talk of "smelling chickens and dancing" was achieved, and the great cause of the Northern Expedition was also achieved. With diligence, Cao Xueqin's feat of "studying for ten years and adding and deleting five times" and the immortal masterpiece Dream of Red Mansions in the history of world literature came into being.
13. Beijing is like a heart, connected with the beating blood of hundreds of millions of China people. Beijing is like a window to let the world know about the reform and opening-up China.
14. Modest people often succeed, while proud people often fail; Diligent people often succeed, lazy people often fail; Self-confident people often succeed, while people with low self-esteem often fail.