Content:
Long song line/long song line
The trees in the garden are lush, and the crystal dew rises in the sun.
Spring fills the earth with hope, and everything presents a scene of prosperity.
I am always afraid that when the cold autumn comes, the trees in Ye Er will turn yellow and the grass will wither.
The river runs to the sea, and when will it return to the west?
A lazy youth, a lousy age.
problem solving
This poem is selected from Volume 30 of Yuefu Poetry, which belongs to a genus, and the lyrics are flat. "Yuefu Solving Problems" said that this ancient poem "didn't last long. When you work hard, you will be happy. If you don't get to the boss, you will be sad. " It is obviously a misinterpretation to understand "hard work" as "hard work for pleasure". Many five-character poems in Han Dynasty lament that life is short and advocate carpe diem. From the overall concept, this poem mainly refers to the rapid change of seasons, and the time is gone forever, so people are advised to cherish their youth and strive to make a difference. Its emotional tone is positive.
Yuefu Poetry is a collection of Yuefu poems compiled by Guo Maoqian in Song Dynasty, with a total volume of 100 12. From the Han and Wei Dynasties to the Five Dynasties, there were more than ten kinds of pre-Qin ballads. In addition to the music of the feudal court, it also preserved a large number of folk music lyrics and new Yuefu poems created by literati. All kinds of books have a general sequence, each song has a solution, and there are textual researches on the origins of various lyrics.
comment
Sunflowers bask in the green garden (zhāo)(xρ). Garden; Garden, a place where vegetables, flowers, fruits and trees are planted. Sunflower: One of the important vegetables in ancient China. There are purple stems and white stems, and white stems are the best. Small flowers with large leaves and purple-yellow flowers. Morning dew: morning dew. Wait: verb, wait. Day: the sun. X: I did it. ○ Describe the image of sunflower. Lift something. Spring fills the earth with hope, and everything presents a scene of prosperity. Yangchun: Warm spring. B: Verb, here is the meaning of communication. Dez: Grace. Spring brings sunshine and rain to everything, so it is a boon. Everything: all kinds of life on the earth. Life is brilliant: it describes that everything is full of vitality and vigorous development. ○ Pay tribute to spring. I am always afraid that when autumn comes, the leaves of (kǖn) yellow flowers will wither. Chang: adverb, indicating the continuity and consistency of a situation or time. Often. Fear: verb, worry. Autumn Festival: Autumn. To: verb, to. In autumn, everything tends to decline because of growth, so I am worried. Yellow: the phenomenon of color decline. Flower: the same as "flower". Decline: aging, decline. From spring to autumn, plants complete a life process. I can't help feeling mixed. The river runs to the sea, and when will it return to the west? All rivers: refers to all rivers. East: Positional nouns are used as verbs, meaning to face east and east. Sea: The sea. He: interrogative pronouns are used before nouns or noun phrases to modify them. It is often used to express an inquiry about time, place and things. Time: noun, time. Compound: adverb, used before verbs, means "the reappearance of a certain situation". It can be translated as "again" and "again". West: locative nouns as verbs, facing west, facing west. Return: verb, return. Time is gone forever like running water. ○ It is related to the change of seasons and the absence of the sun and the moon. Confucius said; That's what the dead do. They don't give up day and night. A lazy youth, a lousy age. Less: adolescence. Zhuang: Adult. Together, it refers to the first half of life. Effort: Give full play to your strength as much as possible. It means diligence. Boss: refers to the period when people's vitality declines. Behavior: adverb, indicating that the implemented action has not achieved results. It can be translated as "empty". Sadness: sadness. ○ It comes down to a feeling of the value of life, and the scene is moving.
translate
There are green sunflowers in the garden.
Dew will be dried by the morning sun.
Spring scatters the hope of happiness all over the earth,
All living things show great vitality.
I'm only worried about the rustling autumn,
The leaves are yellow, but the grass is withered.
Thousands of rivers flow eastward into the sea,
When will it be possible to flow west again?
The same is true of people who don't work hard in their teens.
When you are old, you will only regret it.
2) There are vegetables in the yard.
As soon as the sun came out, the dew on the vegetable leaves dried up.
Warm spring is spreading her favor.
Everything in nature shines on the wall.
Often worried about the arrival of autumn.
Flowers and leaves have withered.
Thousands of rivers roll towards the East China Sea.
When can I go back to the west again?
Don't work hard when you are young.
When you are old and weak, you can only be sad.
Central idea: This poem is a touching work, expressing the poet's advice to the world, to cherish life and not to waste time.
Brief analysis
This is a song about life. Singing life begins with the sunflower in the garden, which is called "making things interesting" in writing, that is, "saying something else first causes the words to be sung". In the spring morning, the sunflower in the garden is slim and graceful, with dew rolling on the green leaves, shining in the early morning sun, like a teenager full of youthful vitality. The poet extended from the vigorous growth of sunflowers in the garden and wrote about the whole nature. Because of the sunshine and rain in spring, everything shines with the brilliance of life, and everywhere is full of vitality and prosperity. These four sentences, literally, are a tribute to spring. In fact, it is to compare things with people, and it is a hymn to the most precious thing in life-youth. Life is full of youthful vitality, just like spring is beautiful all year round. In this way, there is a metaphorical meaning in writing, that is, the so-called "Xing and Bi".
The time sequence of nature is constantly changing. In a blink of an eye, spring arrived in Qiu Lai. Sunflowers and everything in the garden experienced the growth of spring and the long summer. In autumn, they mature, and the once radiant leaves become brown and withered, losing their vitality. Life is the same, from the growth of youth to the death of old age, we have to go through a metabolic process. This is an immutable law of nature. The poet expressed his fleeting treasure of "youth" with "always afraid of autumn festivals", and one of the words "fear" showed that people were powerless to the laws of nature, and the withering of youth was inevitable. Then from the change of time series to the endless time and infinite space of the universe. Time is like a river that dies in the east, and it will never return. From the time scale, people's life cannot be revived after old age. In the face of this eternal nature, isn't life like the morning dew on the leaves, which dries up at the sight of the sun? Isn't it like a green sunflower leaf that withered in the autumn wind? Poetry turns from exploring the universe to thinking about the value of life, and finally comes to the conclusion that "young people don't work hard, but old disciples are sad", ending the whole poem. This reasoning process is not written literally. Readers can follow the poet's thinking track and make up for it with their own life experiences: everything in nature has a process of blooming and falling, and the autumn harvest is fruitful. In life, there is also a process in which young people work hard and old people achieve something; Everything in nature, as long as there is sunshine and rain, can bear fruit in autumn, but people are different, and it is impossible to succeed without their own efforts; Everything withers in autumn, but it realizes the value of life, so it is not sad; People, on the other hand, are unsuccessful because they are young and don't work hard. Isn't it a trip to the world for nothing? Mobilizing readers to think is undoubtedly better than replacing readers to think. Because of this, this poem avoids the boring life sermon, and makes the final epigram look vigorous, profound and implicit, like Hong Zhong's sonorous voice, which deeply touches the readers' hearts. The word "disciple" at the end of the sentence is meaningful: first, it says that the boss has accomplished nothing and life is a waste; Second, waking up in old age will not help, but there is no way, which is intended to emphasize the need to work hard in time.
Reading this poem, we will naturally think of the famous saying about how people should spend their lives in How Steel is Tempered. "The most precious thing is life. Everyone has only one life. Therefore, a person's life should be spent like this: but when he looks back on the past years, he will not regret wasting his time, nor will he be ashamed of nothing; In this way, when he is about to die, he can say frankly: I have devoted my life and all my energy to the most magnificent cause in the world-the struggle for the liberation of mankind. It is undoubtedly of positive significance to guide readers to work hard in time and not waste their time.
Different from other literati poems in Han Dynasty, the poem Chang laments that life is short and advocates carpe diem. It's a poem that plays the devil's advocate and a rare masterpiece.
Overview of Basic Knowledge of Chinese Characters and Sentences
Some herbs with large flowers.
As a vegetable name, "sunflower" refers to one of the important vegetables in ancient China. "The Book of Songs, Wind and July": "In July, it is the same." Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica said: "Sunflower was a common food in ancient times, but it is quite fresh today. There are purple stems and white stems, and white stems are the best. Small flowers, big leaves, purple-yellow flowers, the smallest is called duck's foot sunflower. In fact, it is as big as a fingertip, and its skin is thin and flat. Its real wife is as light and empty as a pod. " This poem "Kwai in the Green Garden" refers to this. Another compositae herb is also called "sunflower". Sunflowers are one of them. In addition, mallow can also be called "sunflower" for short, and fans made of mallow leaves are called "sunflower fans".
Introduction to the work:
Yuefu in the Han Dynasty was originally an official position in charge of music in ancient times. There was a "Yuefu Order" in the Qin Dynasty and the Western Han Dynasty. The Yuefu in the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was large in scale, and its function was to take charge of the music used in the court and collect folk songs and music. After Wei and Jin Dynasties, all poems sung by Yuefu organs in Han Dynasty were called Yuefu poems.
The basic principle of Han Yuefu's creation is "feeling sad and happy, starting from things" (Art History and Literature awarded by Han Dynasty). It inherits the fine tradition of realism in The Book of Songs and reflects the social reality of Han Dynasty extensively and profoundly. The most outstanding artistic achievement of Han Yuefu lies in its narrative. Secondly, he is good at selecting typical details and expressing his character through his words and deeds. Its forms are five-character, seven-character and miscellaneous words, and it is particularly noteworthy that a number of mature five-character poems have been produced in Han Yuefu. The vast majority of Yuefu poems handed down from the Han Dynasty have been included in Yuefu poems compiled by Guo Maoqian, a Song Dynasty poet.
Appreciate:
This poem begins with "Sunflowers in the Garden", and then water flows to the sea, never to return, which means that time is like running water, never to return. Finally, it warns people to cherish youth, work hard, and don't wait until they are old to regret it. This poem takes things as metaphors, first of all, it takes sunflowers in the garden as metaphors. "Green" means it grows luxuriantly. In fact, under the sunshine and rain all spring, everything is struggling to grow. I know the truth that the autumn wind withers. The rhythm of life in nature is like this, and so is life. If a person doesn't work hard at a good time, he will waste his youth in vain, and it will be too late to regret when he is old. This poem thinks that life is perishable from the beautiful scenery of youth, encourages young people to cherish time, and warns people to rise.