Introduction:
Shu Dao Nan is the masterpiece of Li Bai, a great poet in China in the Tang Dynasty. It is an old topic in Yuefu, and the content mostly talks about the difficulty of Shu Dao with the danger of mountains and rivers. The poet's imitation and innovation of Yuefu ancient poems. This poem was written by a poet in Chang 'an at the beginning of Tianbao in Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. Judging from the content of the poem, it is likely that the poet wrote it to a friend in Chang 'an to bid farewell. Poetry fully shows the poet's romantic temperament and feelings of loving the motherland. As the flute sounds high or low, the ape sounds intermittently, which depicts the scene of sailing in the Three Gorges.
Original text:
Whoa, whoa, whoa! High risk! It's hard to get through the Shu Road, and it's hard to get to the sky. Until the two rulers of this area forced their way through in the foggy age! Forty-eight thousand years have passed. Don't talk to Qin Sai. And Dabaishan, to the west, still has only one bird path, all the way to the peak of Emei. Once it was broken by an earthquake, some brave people lost it, and then the ladder stone pile was hooked. On the high flag, six dragons drive the sun, and far below, the river lashes its twisted channel. Such a height is difficult for a yellow crane, poor monkey, they only have claws to use. Green clay mountain is made up of many circles! Every hundred steps, we have to turn nine times in the middle of its mound. Panting, we passed Orion, passed Jingxing, and then fell to the ground with our arms folded and groaned. The road to Shu, so steep, steeper than Heaven.
We wonder if this road to the west will never end, and the terrible road ahead is getting darker and darker, even darker. Nothing can be heard except the cries of birds surrounded by ancient forests. The male bird rotates smoothly and follows the female bird. Jathyapple, what comes to us is the melancholy voice of Du Fu, a sad empty mountain. The difficulty of Shu Dao is difficult to go to the sky! Even hearing it makes your cheeks pale. The highest cliff is less than a foot from heaven, and the withered pine trees hang low on the cliff surface. One thousand waterfalls rushed forward one after another, sending out the thunder of rotating stones in ten thousand valleys. Faced with many dangers, why did you come all the way?
Although the pass of the watchtower is strong and steep, one person guards it and ten thousand people can't beat it. What if he is not loyal, but a wolf to his companions? . There are scary hungry tigers during the day and poisonous reptiles at night. With their teeth and fangs, they kill like hemp. Although the Silk City is beautiful, I'd rather go home soon. The difficulty of Shu Dao is difficult to go to the sky, and it is difficult to squint at the west.
Moral:
The intention of this poem is probably to guard against careerists. The moral of this poem has always been controversial. To sum up, there are mainly the following points:
(1) Yanwu said. It is said that Fang and Du Fu want to harm our times. This poem was written for worrying about Fang and Du Fu's safety.
(2) pride and revenge and Joan said. He called the poem a satire on Zhang Qiu and Joan, and warned the court to be wary of his rebellious heart. Zhang Qiu and Joan used to be our envoys in bo nan. She is a mean person who is good at flattering others.
(3) fable. The "Jun" in the article is believed to refer to Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty who fled to Shu during the Anshi Rebellion. Li Bai wrote this poem to persuade Tang Xuanzong not to stay in Shu for a long time, but to put national security first and return to Chang 'an.
(4) the book of harmony said. This statement is self-evident in Hu Zhenheng's "Li Shitong". He thinks this poem is "praising the ear of Shu, saying its dangers and warning the world." In the Qing Dynasty, Gu also said in the Record of the Day: "Li Bai's Shu Dao Nan should be between Kaiyuan and Tianbao. People talk about the joy of Jincheng, but they don't know the danger of being afraid of the road. The danger of being in a different place is a famous article and has no deep meaning. "
(5) official career theory. It is believed that this poem is written on the surface of the dangers of Shu Dao, but in fact it is written on the bumpy career, reflecting the poet's life experience and resentment in his long-term roaming.