Rilke's early works have distinct Prague local color and Bohemian folk song flavor. Such as life and poetry (1894) and dreams (1897). But the content emphasizes mystery, dream and sadness. After traveling in Europe, he changed his early romantic style with subjective lyricism, wrote an "object poem" symbolizing life and expressing his thoughts and feelings with intuitive images, protested against the "alienation" of capitalism, and put forward a utopian vision of equality and mutual love among human beings. Famous works include the long poem Prayer Book (1905), New Poetry Collection (1907) and New Poetry Continuum (1908), which eulogizes God and shows spiritual contradictions in the declining period of capitalism. In his later years, his thoughts became more pessimistic. Represented by the long poem Elegy of Duinau (1923) and many 14 behaviors.
Although Rilke's poems are full of loneliness, pain, pessimism and nihilism, they have high artistic attainments. It not only shows the beauty of music and sculpture of poetry, but also expresses some contents that are difficult to express, which expands the artistic expression field of poetry and has a great influence on the development of modern poetry.
Artistic analysis:
(turn) Rilke, Rilke —— [Literature Review Rilke]
2006-06- 10
Who can understand him and the world he created?
This is a lonely, excited and loving person in a corner of the earth. A poet younger than him wrote after receiving his famous ten letters: "Where a great man talks to a once-in-a-lifetime person, the little man must be silent."
Yes, we are all people who should be silent. But we can't, because we are as lonely as Rilke once in a while. Loneliness in winter, melancholy in spring and sadness in autumn, just like what we did to Rilke, will do to us.
As the fallen leaves rolled, the cold came. The ice on the eaves was swept to the ground by the whistling north wind and broken into glass-like debris. We really really touched that loneliness. During the journey, a tired man had to look at the endless dirt road and sit quietly on a piece of bluestone to rest. ..
In Rilke's world, in his monologues, the two words that appear most frequently are "loneliness" and "love". He believes that loneliness is beautiful, so people should be lonely and must be lonely. He thinks that love is the most beautiful and good, and it is also the most difficult, the highest and the last to be completed. Therefore, he said, a young man should not be in a hurry to love, because he needs to learn and know a lot before he can complete this final feat. Rilke regards love as so sacred. Only this kind of love, this kind of gentle and warm eyes swept across time and space and the distant world, can a person prove that he is alive-this special life, this sick military school student, loves and thinks in an incredible joy and silence.
His whispering has left such a distant and desolate world that it will splash a gentle echo in another corner decades and hundreds of years later.
Later generations were fascinated and depressed, fanatical and desperate because of his existence. A perfect person, a depressed and gentle person, a person who knows how to love, your thoughts have been read over and over again; Your thoughts wrap people like beautiful silk thread.
Rainy night, listening to the north wind, humming your poem, resisting what attacks my heart. A lot of pain has vanished, and tenderness is like a distant sea wave pushing over and covering the past.
. Think of Pasternak, another similar poet in the Soviet Union, and Zvetayeva, a beautiful and ill-fated poetess-their beautiful past and unforgettable friendship. They love each other. They are all people who deeply understand love, lovely people, and people who feel sorry for themselves. They also know how to be proud. They often meditate and feel lonely.
In ten famous letters, the radiant poet said to another young poet, "Dear Sir, you should love your loneliness." God, when have we ever heard such deadly words and such special comfort?
He went on to write: "Bear the pain caused by its melodious complaints." You said that everyone around you was alienated from you. In fact, this is the beginning of the expansion of your surroundings. If your closeness is far away, then your broadness has spread out under the stars; You should be happy for your growth. "
We don't know what can cause our own wear and tear more than the alienation of people around us. But Rilke said, "This is the beginning of expansion around you". Although our closeness is far away, our "broadness has spread under the stars", which is a gratifying growth. What a confident understanding this is. This true and unshakable self-esteem, this feeling and pride caused by long-term protection of kindness, is not something that many people can own and understand.
In Rilke's view, those who leave are "left behind". How to treat them? He said, "Be kind to those who are left behind. You should be calm in front of them, don't worry them with your doubts, and don't scare them with your confidence or joy, which they can't understand. " Yes, they can't understand, which is one of the reasons why they left. In the face of this kind of parting, one is sometimes inevitably full of worries and contradictions. Only by listening to Rilke's persuasion can we be more stable.
He then encouraged us: "We should find a simple and sincere harmony with them. No matter how you change this harmony in the future, you don't need to change it. Cherish their strange way of life and forgive those who enter the old country; They are afraid of the loneliness you trust. "
Only people who are considerate of human beings will have such an understanding; For people, for the world, for life-who can be so considerate of others in this era? We seldom see it, and it is hard to see it.
He has the loneliness he trusts, but he is willing to forgive those who are afraid of the loneliness of the same kind. He is willing to "live in harmony" with those who "enter the old country", those who are afraid, and those who live a "strange" life in the poet's view. As you can imagine, no matter how many beautiful factors there are in the world, they all come from this understanding and harmony.
Rilke was only about thirty years old when he thought about the world and life, love and loneliness, and the biggest problem in life. However, an amazing thinking, unique thinking, special tenderness and extreme introversion, extraordinary sensitivity, and a kind of enrichment are all produced and revealed from this whisper. This is almost a miracle. This can not help but remind us of the difference of life texture, genius and mediocrity, maverick and secular mortals.
I once saw an avatar in Rilke. Beautiful facial features angular, completely like a saint. Yes, he is a rare saint who walks silently in this darkness. The thinking of travelers and saints is always sublimated to the distant place of the universe, reaching unattainable heights and ethereal. He loves us so much that he is leaving. His love is so great that his soul is leaving.
However, when someone smiles, surprises and regrets because of his singing for nothing, a pitying smile will flash across his face.
A poet, in his busy thinking and efforts, can treat people younger and more immature than himself in this way and tell him in detail this extremely inexplicable and urgent need. There are some truths in the world, such as the truth of love and loneliness, which must be deeply thought about and conveyed everywhere; But what a noble soul, what a quiet soul, what a clear train of thought is needed; In a word, how much care and love are needed.
He is a disappointer who never disappoints, a loner who never feels lonely. Just because there is a Rilke in the world, and only because we know him, we should not be disappointed in life, and we should not despair and complain about everything that comes our way. At any time, we can say a word to successors and crowded people: We once had a Rilke.
Poets, and all healthy and progressive people, how can they be lonely?
In his whispering, we will give birth to a sense of happiness.