Take a trip to Sichuan to send the Western Expedition.
Cen Can
Haven't you seen the trip to Sichuan? The snowy seaside, the sand in the desert and the yellow ones fly to heaven.
On the night of the ninth month, there was a cold wind blowing in the wheel tower and the valley, and the valley was full of broken boulders like pecking rice, which went down and forward with the wind.
Despite the dust, the Tatar horse fat, the west of the Jinshan Mountain, and the gathering of smoke and dust, Oh, general of China's army, start your campaign! .
Wear your armor all night and let your soldiers March with rumbling weapons! And the sharp tip of the wind cuts his face like a knife.
The sweat of snow evaporates on horseback, freezing the pattern of five-flowered coins, your challenge from the camp, and the ink bottle from the ice.
It has cooled the heart of the barbarian leader, and you will no longer need a real battle! We are waiting for the news of victory in Xiguan! .
Vernacular translation
Haven't you seen it? The vast Zoumachuan is near the edge of Xue Hai, and the endless yellow sand connects the sky.
In September, the wind roared on the wheel platform all night. The gravel in Zoumachuan was as big as a bucket, and the wind blew the bucket full of stones.
At this time, the Xiongnu grass was lush and fat, and the smoke invaded Shanxi. The generals of the Han family led their troops to the west.
The general does not take off his armor at night. In the middle of the night, the marching spears collided with each other, and the cold wind blew in his face like a knife.
The hair of the horse was covered with snowflakes and sweaty, and the body of the streaky horse suddenly turned into ice, and the ink written on the camp screen was frozen.
When the enemy heard that the army was going out, he was frightened. Anticipating that he wouldn't dare to hand-to-hand combat with us, I waited for the good news at Simon, the automobile engineer.
To annotate ...
Zoumachuan: also known as Zuomohe River, now Jimsar, Xinjiang.
Xing: that is, singing, a genre of ancient poetry, belongs to the category of ancient poetry.
Xue Hai: generally refers to the cold and biting land in the northwest. "New Tang Book Biography of the Western Regions": "You swim in the snowy sea, and it often rains and snows in spring and summer."
Vast Pingsha: Beishawo in Fukang
Luntai: Place name, located in Miquan County, Xinjiang, where Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was stationed, and Zhenguan County was established in the Tang Dynasty.
Xiongnu: generally refers to the nomadic people in the north.
Jinshan: refers to Altay Mountain. In Turkic, "gold" is called "Altay", which generally refers to the mountains outside the Great Wall.
Smoke: refers to the outbreak of war
Most poets in the Tang Dynasty lived in the Han and Tang Dynasties.
The sound of weapons colliding with each other.
Wuhua: It's the name of a good horse.
Lian Qian: the mark of a horse
Grass: Draft a declaration against the enemy.
Qilu: enemy cavalry. The ancient northern nationalities were generally called "Lu".
Fear: fear
Dwarf soldier: refers to weapons such as swords.
Che: Hengtang retired to the military division. The automobile market is the seat of Tang Anxi Duhu House, now Turpan, Xinjiang.
Queue: Waiting
Present victory: report victory.
Enjoy 1
This poem was written from the 13th year of Tianbao (754) to the year of Zhide Zai Yuan (756), and Cen Can was appointed as a judge of the Northwest Court of Luntai. At the beginning of this poem, the environment is harsh and the wind and sand cover the sky. And write, Ma Zhuang and other Huns invaded, and General Feng was fearless and ready for battle. Finally, write that the enemy is afraid and hopes to return home in triumph. Although the poem describes the battle, it mainly describes the cold, suggesting the great achievements of fighting in the snow. The statement is heroic, like the wind, real and moving.
Cen Can is a famous frontier poet, and this poem is magnificent. In order to show the patriotic spirit of the frontier fortress soldiers, the poet tried his best to exaggerate and exaggerate the harsh environment by means of contrast to highlight the fearless spirit of the characters. Metaphor, exaggeration and other artistic techniques are used in the poem, which is thrilling, vivid and enthusiastic. The expedition crossed Zoumachuan, the snowy seaside, and went deep into the Gobi Desert. "Harmony with sand, coming up from the desert, thriving" is a typical and unique sandstorm landscape. The scene of raging wind, yellow sand flying, covering the sky, misty and chaotic is vividly written.
"This September night blows cold in the wheel tower and the valley, and the valley is full of broken boulders like pecking rice, which go down and forward with the wind." The wind changed from dark writing to clear writing, marching from day to night. The wind is blowing hard, sand and stones are flying, and heaven and earth are chaotic. The wind is like a crazy beast, growling and growling. The word "roar" vividly shows the fierceness and strength of the wind. The bucket of stones was actually swept all over the floor by the wind, and then the word "chaos" was written, which shows the fury of the wind. The Stone Wandering vividly outlines the sinister environment.
Huns launched an attack in the grassy season in Huang Ma. "West of Jinshan, Dust Gathering" reveals that the Xiongnu fighters rolled up dust, and also shows the huge momentum of the Xiongnu army, and tells readers that Tang Jun has been on the alert. Then, facing the wind, Tang Junbing appeared. The poet seized the environment to describe the heroic and invincible soldiers in Tang Jun, and it was a great responsibility for the general to wear armor at night. "Let your soldiers advance with rumbling weapons!" Wrote about marching in the middle of the night From the details of Ge Xiangbo, we can imagine that it was dark at that time, and the army lost in a hurry and went into battle. "The sharp wind point cuts the face like a knife" echoes the description of the wind ahead, and it is also the truest feeling of marching in the desert. It costs five dollars to sweat on horseback. "。 "Grasping the condensed, melted, melted and condensed sweat on the horse for detailed description, with less winning more, fully rendering the cold weather, the hardship of the environment and the tense atmosphere of war." Your challenge comes from the camp, from the ice of an ink bottle. "When drafting the military curtain of a campaign, I found that even the inkstone water was frozen. The poet skillfully grasped these details and vividly expressed the soldiers' fighting pride against the snow.
Cen Can (about 7 15-770), a poet in the Tang Dynasty, was originally from Nanyang (now Xinye, Henan) and later moved to Jiangling (now Hubei). Jiangling, Jingzhou (Jiangling, Hubei) is a famous frontier poet in Tang Dynasty. During his many years in the Western Regions, he wrote many poems with frontier fortress as the theme, and each capital has some accurate sentences, which are recited by later generations. His poems are romantic, magnificent, imaginative, colorful and passionate, especially good at seven-character quatrains. I accepted my brother's books and read the history of classics since I was a child. At the age of twenty, I went to Chang 'an, but I couldn't get an official position. I went to Luo Jing, and I went to Heshuo in the north. At the age of 30, he was promoted to Jinshi, and Cao joined the army. Tianbao, who has been out of the frontier twice, has been stuck in the frontier for six years and is quite ambitious. After the Anshi Rebellion, he returned to North Korea, and Du Fu and others recommended him to fill the vacancy and transfer to other posts, such as risking his life and forgetting his death. During the Dali period, he was a historian and was called Cenjiazhou. After the break, the guests died in Chengdu Guest House. Cen Can's "Gao Shi" also said that both of them were representatives of frontier poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. His poems have a wide range of themes, except for poems that generally lament life experiences and give answers to friends. Before going abroad, he wrote many landscape poems, which are quite similar to those of Xie Tiao and He Xun, but with novel artistic conception, such as Collection of Cen History.
Appreciate II
Cen Can's poems are characterized by strange meanings and strange words, especially the frontier fortress works, which are full of strange spirits and interests. A song "Farewell to the Snow in the Field-Clerk Wu Going Home" is graceful and graceful, focusing on the beautiful scenery of the frontier fortress, giving people a fresh and elegant feeling; This poem is strange and strong, and the violent sandstorm and heroic characters give people a magnificent feeling. When the poet was appointed as the judge of the Northwest An court, Feng Changqing sent troops to collect immortals, so he wrote this poem to see Feng off.
In order to show the high patriotism of the border guards, the poet tried to exaggerate and exaggerate the harsh environment by means of comparison, so as to highlight the fearless spirit of the characters.
First of all, around the word "wind", describe the natural environment of exploration. The expedition will go through Xue Hai and go deep into the Gobi Desert. "And the sand, coming from the desert, is thriving", which is a typical and unique sandstorm scene. The wind is raging, the yellow sand is flying, the sky is covered, and it is a blur. The first three sentences do not have the word "wind", but they capture the "color" of the wind and vividly write the violence of the wind. This is the scene during the day.
"This September night blows cold in the wheel tower and the valley, and the valley is full of broken boulders like pecking rice, which go down and forward with the wind." Writing the wind changed from darkness to light, from day to night, and the "color" of the wind disappeared, so I turned to writing the wind. The wind is like a crazy beast, growling and growling. The word "roar" vividly shows the fierceness and strength of the wind. Then write stone and wind. The bucket of stones was actually swept all over the floor by the wind, and then the word "chaos" was written, which shows the fury of the wind. In a few words, write the phrase "flat sand is boundless" in the sky, and write the phrase "stones wander around" in the ground, so as to outline the sinister environment vividly.
It says that the Huns took advantage of grass and yellow horse fertilizer to launch an attack. Words such as "West of Jinshan, smoke gathers" and "Smoke flies" describe the warning beacon smoke flying with the dust rolled up by Xiongnu fighters, which not only shows the momentum of Xiongnu troops, but also shows that Tang Jun has long been prepared. Next, the poem changed from creating environment to writing people, and the hero in the poem, Tang Junbing, braved the cold wind and marched, appeared. The poet is very good at grasping the typical environment and details to describe the heroic and invincible heroism of Tang Junbing. If the environment is night, "don't take off your armor all night", take off your armor at night, and write that the general shoulders heavy responsibilities and sets an example. "Let your soldiers advance with rumbling weapons!" It says marching in the middle of the night. From the details of Ge Xiangbo, we can imagine that the night was deep, the army was scurrying and the military was well dressed. Writing about the cold in the frontier is not a few hard ice in thousands of feet, but a few details. "and the sharp wind tip cuts the face like a knife" echoes the description of the front wind; It is also the truest feeling of marching in the desert.
It costs five dollars to sweat on horseback. "。 "The horse galloped in the cold wind, and the transpiration sweat immediately condensed into ice on the horse hair. The poet seized the condensed, melted and condensed sweat on the horse and made a detailed description, which fully rendered the cold weather, the hardship of the environment and the tense atmosphere of war. " Your challenge comes from the camp, from the ice of an ink bottle. "When drafting the military curtain of a campaign, I found that even the inkstone water was frozen. The poet skillfully grasped this detail, and his pen and ink vividly showed the soldiers' fighting pride against the snow. Who can match such an army? This leads to the last three sentences, expecting that the enemy will be frightened, hoping to return home in triumph, and the writing will come naturally.
The whole poem is heroic and passionate. Because the poet has personal experience of frontier life, this poem can be "strange and reasonable", "strange and true" and true and moving.
The whole poem uses rhyme, with three turns, dense rhyme positions, frequent rhyme changes, rapid and powerful rhythm, flexible and smooth rhyme feet and bold tone, just like a March in music.
Further reading
Brief introduction of the author
Cen Can (7 15 ~ 770) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. Nanyang (now Henan) people. Tianbao (742 ~ 756) was a scholar. He went to Anxi and Wuwei with Gao Xianzhi, and then traveled between Beiting and Luntai. Historian (now Leshan, Sichuan) is known as Cenjiazhou. Died in Chengdu. His poems are longer than seven-character poems. He has a wide range of subjects and is good at depicting frontier scenery and war scenes; The momentum is heroic, the words are generous, and the language changes freely. Also known as "Gao Cen" with Gao Shi, he was also a representative of the frontier poetry school in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. There are CenJiaZhou's poems.
Creation background
This poem was written in Tianbao 13th year (754) or Tianbao 14th year (755) of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, when Cen Can served as our ambassador in Northwest Anxi. During this period, Feng Changqing sent troops to fight several times. Cen Can had a deep understanding of the hardships and the joy of victory at that time, and wrote many poems to reflect this. This is a farewell poem written by Cen Can and Feng Changqing when they sent troops to the Western Expedition. It is a work of the same period, the same event and the same object as Song of the Wheel Tower Farewell to General Feng of the Western Expedition.