Yulinling
The cicadas in autumn are so sad and urgent, facing the pavilion, it is in the evening and a sudden rain has just stopped. All the accounts are in no mood, and the blue boat in homesickness is urging. Holding hands and looking at each other, tears swirled in my eyes until there were no words at last, and a thousand words stuck in my throat and I couldn't say it. Thinking about thinking, thousands of miles of smoke, dusk, chutiankuo.
Since ancient times, feelings have hurt and left, and the autumn season is even more worthy of being left out! Who knows where I am when I am awake tonight? There is a breeze and a waning moon on the bank of Yangliu. This is a long time, people who love each other are not together, and I even expect to be satisfied with the good weather and scenery in name only. There are many kinds of customs, who are you talking to?
About the author:
Liu Yong was a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. Formerly known as Sanbian, the word Jingzhuang, later renamed Yong, the word Qiqing, ranked seventh, Chongan (now Wuyishan City, Fujian Province). Jin jingyou is the foreign minister. The world is called Liu Qi and Liu Tuntian. As a bohemian, he was down and out all his life. His ci mostly describes the scenery of the city and the life of a geisha, and he is especially good at expressing his feelings of traveling and service. There are many slow words. Description, scene blending, popular language and harmonious melody were widely spread at that time, which had a certain influence on the development of Song Ci. There is an action set.
Solve the problem:
Jiao Fang Daqu in Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was named "Yulinling", which was later used as a lyric. Lin has a shower. Wang Zhuo's "Biji Manzhi" Volume 5 "Rain Bell" says: "The Biography of Ming Di" says:' The emperor was lucky in Shu, and he first entered the oblique valley, and it rained for ten days. When the plank road bell rang, the emperor chose the sound of it as "Rain Bell" to express his hatred. "... today's double-tone Rain Bell Slow is very sad, and the original song remains the same. ""Ci Pu "Volume 31:" Song Ci borrows old topics and relies on new sounds. See Liu Yong's Music Collection, which is a double tone. "
This word is one of Liu Yong's representative works. While pouring out the sadness of parting, the author also expressed his unfortunate feelings in life, so he deeply felt that the future was bleak and colorless.
Throughout the story, the top and bottom of the story are mixed together by setting off and dyeing. Scenery and lyricism are all drawn by lines. This is formed by absorbing the characteristics of folk words and improving them in art.
Precautions:
(1) 【 On Pavilion Evening 】 Facing the pavilion, it is dusk. Pavilion, there is a short pavilion every five miles and a long pavilion every ten miles, which is used for pedestrians to rest on the ancient road. People often say goodbye at the long pavilion.
(2) Arrange a farewell dinner outside the gate of Beijing. Tents, there is no house in the countryside, so temporary tents are set up.
(3) [Not in the mood] No mind, just in a bad mood.
(4) [Lanzhou] A boat made of Mulan wood. This is a common name for a ship in literary works.
(5) [SOB] Because of excitement, I was so angry that my voice choked and I couldn't speak.
(6) [Go] Go forward and then go, which means "go".
(7) 【 Dusk (ai) 】 Clouds in the evening.
(8) [heavy] deep.
(9) [Chutian] The sky of Chu State (Chu State was very large during the Warring States period, including Hubei, Hunan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Jiangxi and other places) generally refers to the sky in the south.
(10) one year.
(1 1) 【 Thousands of customs 】 Even if there are many customs. There are many kinds of amorous feelings, which are affectionate and imply secrecy.
Appreciation article:
This word describes the author's painful feelings of being inseparable from his beloved when he left Bianjing (Kaifeng) to wander around. Through this description, it truly reflects how hard the love of young men and women in feudal society was hit by parting. This word is a work interwoven with the thoughts and feelings of loving geisha and lamenting the journey. It is one of Liu Yong's representative works and one of the "Top Ten Songs of Song and Jin Dynasties" popular in Song and Yuan Dynasties.
The first half of this word mainly talks about parting scenes, and the second half mainly talks about parting scenes.
The first three sentences, if simply regarded as narratives, seem to begin with the time and place of farewell, but in fact, neither the time nor the place is clearly pointed out like the later "Tomb-Sweeping Day". If you simply look at the scenery, it seems that only when you are facing the pavilion, you hear cicadas and see that the shower has just stopped. In fact, not only does the sound and image have a strange feeling, but the pavilion facing you is not a simple building. It can be seen that the emphasis here is to brew an atmosphere that can touch the feelings of parting, first give people a feeling of helplessness, lay a good emotional foundation, and enhance the authenticity and appeal of the situation behind. It should be said that this is mainly lyrical, it is to melt feelings into the scene, and it is lyrical on the spot. From lyrical landscape writing, we can see the time and place, and we can't simply narrate or understand the landscape. This is a good start. There are many words written like this in Liu Yong's poems, such as the beginning of "Catch":
The rainbow collects the residual rain, and the cicada hisses and defeats the willow long beach at dusk.
Then there is:
Back to the door, away from the darkness, the west wind sails lightly.
"Operator" begins with:
The maple leaves on the river bank are getting old, the water is dying, and the eyes are withered green leaves.
Then there is:
Chu Xiangke, climb high and look far, just like this yellow flower weather.
Or write someone "right" or not, it's all the same. Because the description of the scenery in the works is what the author sees, hears and thinks, and it cannot be separated from people. Moreover, the "long pavilion" here is not a proprietary place name, and it is needed in farewell occasions. For example, Wang Bao's farewell to Pei Yitong's "Wangjiang Bridge, Send an Old Friend to the Pavilion", Wang Changling's "Xiling Youth, Send him to the Short Pavilion", the "Pavilion" in two poems and the "Pavilion" in this poem are not real place names. But as a place to say goodbye, it is the same. Judging from the "Dumen" below, the "pavilion" in this word should be on the Bianhe River. There are many kinds of willows on both sides of the Bianhe River in the Song Dynasty, so poets in the Song Dynasty often associate "Changting" with willows (word "Yang Liuan", Zhou Bangyan's "Warrior Lanling? Willow "can prove). Willow and cicada are inseparable. Where there are many willows, there are also many cicadas, so poets often use both willows and cicadas. It seems that Liu Yong himself used them repeatedly from the "cicada hissing and willow losing" and "Chang 'an old road is slow and high willow chaos" quoted in "Leading the Driving". "After a shower, the scenery is particularly bright and dazzling, surrounded by the squeal of cicadas. In the face of this farewell pavilion, it is dusk. What a touching and sad state!
The phrase "ten thousand accounts drink mercilessly" is a true statement that we can't bear to say goodbye to other situations. "Doumen" refers to the outside of Bianjing. Since Zhao Kuangyin proclaimed himself emperor in the Northern Song Dynasty (960), his capital has been Bianjing, that is, Tokyo. "Drinking on credit" is a term that has been used to set up tents and invite pedestrians to eat wine. Don't just stare, it means the same thing as saying goodbye in a small restaurant. "Not in the mood" is a sign of being very upset and at a loss at that time. These six words clearly describe the place, action and mood, which is a highly compressed and concise writing. "Homesickness, Lanzhou urges hair", which means that Zhou Zi, while reluctant to go, urges him to set off. The significance of Nostalgia and Selected Poems of Hua 'an is more obvious. "Lanzhou" is a ship engraved with Mulan. From the "urging", we can see how reluctant they are. From this reluctant situation, we can also see more clearly that the "not in the mood" in the previous sentence has reached the level of "gloomy soul sales"
"Holding hands and looking at each other with tears, I have no words to sob", which further depicts the image of the two. At this time, it is really a thousand words, even if you choke in your throat, you can't say it. Just holding hands, tears are opposite. The portrayal of this image seems simple, but it is actually a concentrated expression of emotion, which is very sincere and moving. In the thirty-fourth chapter of A Dream of Red Mansions, when Daiyu went to see Baoyu after being whipped by Jia Zheng, there was such a description: "At this time, Dai and I did not cry, but the more silent we became, the more we felt. After listening to Baoyu's words, I mentioned a thousand words in my heart, but I couldn't say a word if I wanted to. After a long time, I sobbed and said,' You changed everything!' Although Daiyu finally said a word, this description can explain why she was "speechless and choked." As far as the activity process of this poem's thoughts and feelings is concerned, the reason why this image should be portrayed so intensively is because the author's main emotional expression is put on the later layers of ideas, and it is impossible to describe it too much in this respect. The author also used another word "Queqiaoxian" to describe the parting scene, and we don't want to compare it:
"Travel fatigue, with a sword, all the way to xu. It is easier to be apart when you are sad than to be together. A beautiful woman will endure a couple when she is gentle. When you are charming, it is a hidden meaning and a light burden.
The second time, I was deeply grieved, horrible and speechless. There are tears. I reviewed them several times. Who's sad? But I was shocked. Where did you see Qin Lou in the cold rain?
This word, like Lin Yuling, is about parting and starts from the scene of parting. But the actual situation is different: this song is about Lu Cheng, and Lin Yuling is about the water process; What is said here is that a horse is going on the road, and no one is rushing. "Yulin Order" has "Lanzhou urges it". The breadth of the content is also different: this song is limited to the scene when leaving, and only the second half mentions the place after leaving. As written in Lin Yuling, the place after parting has been mentioned at the end of the first half, and the second half is entirely the conception of the scene after parting. It can be said that the scope of expression of this word is only the first half of Ling. The creative ideas of the two songs have always been different, and the expression techniques should also be adapted to him. This word can write the parting scene in twists and turns, and Lin Yuling must capture the most impressive expression in a few words. From this, we can realize that the detailed or rough writing of a scene is still determined by the specific content.
These are all real scenes at that time.
"I miss thousands of miles of smoke and waves, and I feel vast." The word "nian" has always focused on describing the mood after parting in the second half. "Go" means to go further and further. "Smoke wave" is a kind of wave that is shrouded like light smoke. Contrary to Jin Bo, it is a sad scene. "Dusk" is a cloud in the evening. "Heavy" is a kind of deep eyes, with heavy pressure. It is the place where the ancient State of Chu came out of the Bianhe River, so it is called "Chutiankuo". These two sentences are written from the present scene to the future scene, and they are also written in the way of melting feelings into the country and expressing emotions on the spot. It's almost dusk, the scenery is blurred, and the mood of parting is bleak. In such a landscape, the author's gloomy mood becomes more and more gloomy, not to mention the gloomy future? So I painted all the scenery in a darker color, and expanded it according to the needs, saying "Wan Li" and "heavy chutiankuo". In this way, readers will feel not only the natural scenery, but also the endless sadness and hatred in this scenery.
In the second half of the film, "Affection has been hurting people since ancient times, and it is even more worthy of being left out!" The two sentences are special, telling the truth and describing a temporary special situation as an eternal universal situation. Liu Tiren, a critic of Ci, once said, "We should not get rid of the middle and long tones, nor should we be muddy and sticky." We can realize this truth from these two words. Say it's all taken off No, it obviously means "parting from sorrow" and "Tomb-Sweeping Day", which is consistent with the expression of this word. Said it was all sticky? Not exactly. It clearly means "since ancient times" and is not limited to this occasion. This way of writing, in the words commonly used in literary theory, is that the author consciously puts forward his own affairs as a typical problem, indicating that this embarrassing divorce in the cold autumn will be possessed by all sentient beings. This phenomenon of raising individual special phenomena to universal rationality has also expanded the meaning of this word.
"Where to wake up tonight? Yang Liuan and Xiaofeng are dying. " This is a sentence that has always been called reciting. In terms of meaning, it comes from the above two sentences "I miss a thousand miles of smoke". This is a profound idea. I woke up tonight, but I didn't see my lover, just facing the willows on the shore, the breeze was blowing gently, and the waning moon was hazy. How uncomfortable this scene is. This is also the writing of scene blending. Why is it especially popular with people, and some people even take these two words to represent Liu Ci? The advantage of these two sentences is that they focus on many things that touch the sadness of parting to show his sadness this time. How can I put it? Drinking away from the crowd is an anesthetic to reduce anxiety, and waking up after drinking is no different from waking up. The anxiety of waking up after anesthesia is overwhelming. Jing Li's Ying Tianchang was more awake last night, worrying about the illness in spring, and Zhou Bangyan's Guan Heling how can he stay in the food taken late at night forever? "Obviously, this kind of situation. This is one of them. " The morning breeze and the waning moon is a scene before dawn. Everything is particularly sad at this time, and it is hard to feel. In ancient times, pedestrians who had to catch a long distance often set off at this time, so they often said goodbye at this time. Such as "Bodhisattva Man" of Wen and "Lotus Cup" of Wei Zhuang are all related to the situation at this time (Liu is also mentioned in the prose). Here are two. As for the relationship between willow and other feelings, since the story of breaking willow at Baqiao Bridge came into being, it has always been such a view that "willow leaves every year, and Baling hurts others", and willow and parting seem to be an inevitable connection. This is three. In these two words, there are too many things that can impress me most, and they are very vivid and vivid. It should be said that this is the main reason that touched many people (Liu Yong left in the evening, but his two words touched the overall situation, which can be understood in this way and cannot be considered contradictory).
"This for many years, should be its moments of beauty in name only. Even if there are thousands of customs in Qian Qian, who should I talk to? " These four sentences more profoundly reflect the miserable situation after parting. Only from the special beautiful occasions of "its moments of beauty" and "myriad amorous feelings" can it be explained that amorous feelings are equal to nothing, not to mention the hardships of ordinary days. This is a concise way of writing, and care (content) is not in the pen (sentence). Its moments of beauty are worth appreciating and remembering. Without the person you love, you are not in the mood to appreciate and linger. Isn't this "beautiful scenery" equal to nothing? The author said in the "slow scroll":
What does it feel like to frown when you are in a good mood?
Explain that you are not with the person you love and face the torment of "its moments of beauty". And said in "should be forever":
Say wine to you: how can you afford this name?
Explain that with the person you love, you must eat, drink and be merry in time. These two statements can be mutually confirmed with the statements in Lin Yuling. "amorous feelings" refers to the ambiguous relationship between men and women, which is different from the general ambiguous relationship. Such ambiguity can only be told to the person you love. Now that you have left the person you love, who can you talk to in detail, even if there are many kinds of customs? This ending has infinite significance. We think from this that the author and his loved ones have endless happiness on weekdays, so this parting will feel so painful.
Poetry contrast:
Those who are ecstatic just don't want it! -"Southern and Northern Dynasties"? Liang] Jiang Yan's Biefu
Su Muzhe [Northern Song Dynasty] Fan Zhongyan
Blue sky and yellow leaves. The autumn wind is full of waves, and the waves are cold and smoky. The mountain reflects the sun and the sky meets the water. The grass is ruthless, and the sunset is even more outside.
Dark homesickness, thoughts of chasing travel. Every night unless, sweet dreams make people unable to sleep. The bright moon building is high and lonely. Wine becomes sorrow, acacia becomes tears.
The moon is full of rain and shine, and people have joys and sorrows. This matter is old and difficult. -[Northern Song Dynasty] Su Shi's "Water Tune Song Tou"
Although we drank a lot of wine, we were not happy. When we were leaving each other, the river mysteriously widened in the direction of the full moon. -[Tang] Bai Juyi's Pipa Trip
Recalling the original exploration, the wind in Yang Liuyi was blowing in the wind; Now back on the road, snowflakes are flying everywhere. The road is muddy and difficult to walk, and people are thirsty and hungry. -The Book of Songs
Willow color every year, Baling injury. -[Tang] Li Bai's Memory
Jiangchengzi? Yi Mao's Diary: The 12th Dream of the First Month [Northern Song Dynasty] Su Shi
Ten years of life and death! Never think, never forget. A lonely grave thousands of miles away, desolate and nowhere to talk about. Even if we don't know each other, our faces are dusty and our temples are frosty.
When night came, my dream suddenly came home. Xiao Xuan window, get dressed. Care for each other without words, only a thousand lines of tears are expected to break every year at the heartbroken place, and the moonlight night is short.
Drunk flowers and songs [Song] Li Qingzhao
Fog filled the clouds, and the days were spent in sorrow. Kapoor was among the birds in the incense burner. Double Ninth Festival, lying in bed, in the middle of the night, the cold on my body has just been soaked.
Dongli drinks until dusk, and faint chrysanthemum fragrance overflows his sleeves. Don't die, don't die. People are thinner than yellow flowers.
But since the water is still flowing, let's raise our glasses even though we cut it with our swords. -[Tang] Li Bai
Feng Wuqi [Song] Liu Yong
It's no problem to lean against a dangerous building. Looking forward to spring sorrow, the sky is dark. In the afterglow of the grass, who will lean on the bar and be silent?
I'm getting drunk. When drinking is a song, strong music is still tasteless. I don't regret that my belt is getting wider and wider, which makes people haggard for Iraq.
Ying Huan [Southern Tang Dynasty] Li Yu
Hualin thanked Chunhong and hurried away, but the cold rain came early and the wind came late.
Colorful tears make people intoxicated. When will it be heavy? Natural people hate water when they grow up!
The curved hook moon hangs on the sparse buttonwood; In the dead of night, the water from the water clock has been dripping. Who saw you alone? Fuzzy and lonely.
[Northern Song Dynasty] Su Shi's divination operator
What is Zhegutian's book [Northern Song Dynasty]
Overcoming the door is wrong, what is the difference? Wutong was half dead. After first frost, Bai Yuanyang lost her partner.
The grass is on the grass, the dew is beginning to appear, and there are two old hills and new hills. Lying in an empty bed listening to the rain from the south window, who will mend the clothes at night!
Tianjingsha? [Yuan] Ma Zhiyuan
Old vines and faint crows, small bridges and flowing water. The ancient road is sparse, the sun sets, and heartbroken people are in the end of the world.
Summary:
Through the above comparison, I can understand an artistic feature of this word, that is, setting off feelings with scenery and expressing feelings with scenery, "seeing feelings with scenery, bringing scenery with feelings, looking at difficult scenery and reaching difficult feelings." So as to understand the characteristics of "all scenery words are emotional words", and then I understand that in artistic creation, we should try our best to let facts and scenery speak and express expressions, and try our best to avoid naive and artificial direct expression.
Migration training:
1. Through the above study, I believe every student has a preliminary understanding of the whole word. Next, the teacher must guide the students to recall another word they have just learned, namely Su Shi's Niannujiao? Chibi nostalgia:
The river of no return, a romantic figure with a long history. To the west of the old base, there is a rich collection of people: Chibi, Zhou Lang, where the three countries stand. The steep rock wall, like thunder waves lapping against the river bank, waves like rolling up thousands of snow. The majestic rivers and mountains are picturesque, and many heroes emerge at once.
Looking back on Zhou Yu's spring breeze era, young and beautiful Joe just married him, and he was full of heroic spirit. Feather fan nylon scarf, laughing and laughing, strong ashes. I am wandering in the battlefield today. I feel a feeling heart and give birth to white hair prematurely. Life is like a dream, and a bottle returns to the moon.
At the same time, I quoted Yu Wenbao's "The Record of Blowing Sword" in the Southern Song Dynasty. "Liu Langzhong's ci is only one hundred and seventy-eight women, holding red teeth and singing the song" Yang Liuan Xiaofeng Canyue ". The bachelor (Su Dongpo) must be a Kanto man, a bronze pipa and an iron plate, singing' River of No Return'. " Experience the characteristics of two schools of ci poetry-bold school and graceful school.
Luxury school-Lian Heng, ambitious and uninhibited.
Graceful and restrained school-sentimental, colorful, gentle tone.
2. Guide students to summarize the preliminary methods of appreciating simple poems:
The article is connected with the topic, and the taste is good. The key is to grasp the key points, and the reason is clear in many aspects.