There are more than fifty kinds of images commonly used in China's ancient poems, such as:
1. Use the crystallization of ice and snow as a metaphor for ideological loyalty and moral nobility.
For example, "Luoyang relatives and friends ask each other, and a piece of ice heart is in the jade pot." (Don Wang Changling's "The Separation of Furong Inn and Xin Jian")
2. Looking at the moon and thinking about your loved ones-causing parting and homesickness. "Looking up, I found it was moonlight, sinking again, and I suddenly thought of home." (Tang Libai's Silent Night Thinking)
"The small building was easterly again last night, and the country could not bear to look back at the middle of next month." (Yu Meiren by Li Yu in Southern Tang Dynasty)
3. Fold the willow to say goodbye.
"Where did you wake up from the wine tonight, Yang Liuan, where the breeze died down?" -Liu Yong's Yulin Order "Qin Louyue, willow color every year, Baling injury." (Tang Li Bai's "Recalling Qin E")
4. Use "cicada" as a metaphor for noble conduct.
Luo's "A Political Prisoner Listening to Cicada": "His flight went through the fog heavily, and his pure voice was drowned in the windy world. Who knows if he is still singing? . Who will listen to me? "Yu Shinan's Cicada:" It is not the autumn wind that makes you aloof. " They all use cicadas as a metaphor for noble morality.
5. Use the prosperity of vegetation to contrast the desolation to express the ups and downs. "After ten miles of spring breeze, the wheat is green." (Song Jiangkui's Slow Yangzhou) "The grass on the doorstep is like spring, and birds are singing happily under the leaves." (Tang Du Fu's "Book of Scholarship") "There are wild grass flowers on Suzaku Bridge, and the sunset at Wuyi Lane is oblique." (Wuyi Lane by Yuxi, Liu Tang)
6. Chrysanthemum-Loyalty and Noble Quality
Tang Yuanzhen's Chrysanthemum: "Autumn bushes are like Taoist priests, and the more they surround, the more inclined they are. It's not that chrysanthemums are preferred in flowers, but that this flower is even more flowerless. " express
The poet's pursuit of loyalty and noble character.
Poems such as "I would rather hold incense in the branches and die than blow it off among the flowers" (Zheng Song Xiao Si's Cold Chrysanthemum) all use chrysanthemums to hold the poet's spiritual goods.
Quality, the chrysanthemum here has undoubtedly become a portrayal of the poet's personality.
7. Plum blossom-one of the three friends who are resistant to snow, not afraid of setbacks, pure white and old cold.
"Plum Blossom" by Chen Liang, a poet in the Song Dynasty: "A flower changes suddenly first, and ten thousand flowers are fragrant later." The poet grasped the characteristics of plum blossom, and wrote that he was not afraid of setbacks.
The quality of becoming the number one in the world is not only Yongmei, but also self-praise.
Wang Song Anshi Plum Blossom: "It's not snow at a distance, because there is a delicate fragrance." The poem not only describes the reason why plum blossoms are scattered by the wind, but also implicitly expresses the meaning of plum blossoms.
The purity and whiteness of flowers have received a good artistic effect of fragrance and color.
8. Loose-loyal and noble
Li Bai's "Book for Huang Shang": "I hope you are loose, but be careful not to be peaches and plums." Wei always flatters powerful people, and Li Bai writes poems to persuade him to hope.
He is an upright man.
9. Lotus-Because lotus is muddy but not stained, the poet uses lotus as a metaphor for moral integrity that does not go hand in hand with others. Because "lotus" and "pity" are homonyms, there are many poems about lotus in ancient poetry to express love. For example, "Xizhou Qu" by Yuefu in the Southern Dynasties: "Lotus is picked in autumn in the Southern Tang Dynasty, and the lotus is over the head; Bow your head to get lotus seeds, which are as green as water. "
10. Indus-a symbol of desolation and sadness, similar to bananas. For example, "Every leaf, with sound, drips from the empty steps to the light" (Tang Wen Ting Yun's "More Leaks"), "Indus raining, dripping at dusk" (Li Qingzhao's "Slow Voice").
1 1 cuckoo (sub-rules)-a symbol of desolation and sadness
Li Bai's "I heard that Wang Changling moved to the left, and Long Biaoyao had this letter": "Huayang fell to the ground and Wendao Longdu crossed five streams. I am worried about the bright moon, and I will go to Yelangxi with the wind. " The cuckoo is a kind of bird. The first sentence is the scene of eyes, which conveys the feeling of parting and sadness in the bleak natural scenery. "Shu Dao Nan": "When I hear it, I am worried about the empty mountain." In three or four sentences, I expressed my infinite nostalgia for my friends with the rich imagination of sending my love to the bright moon.
Deep sympathy.
12 partridge bird-parting from sorrow
The song of partridge makes people sound like "I can't live without my brother", which is very easy to evoke the association of hard journey and full of parting.
"When the river is sad at dusk, the partridges are heard in the mountains" (Xin Qiji's "Bodhisattva Jiang Zao Koubi").
13 Hongyan-homesick wanderers' affection for their loved ones and sadness during their travels.
For example, Xue Daoheng, a native of the Sui Dynasty, wrote: "People return to yan zhen and think before spending." I had the idea of going home long before the flowers bloomed. But wait.
When the geese returned to the north, people had not yet gone home.
There are also letters referred to by Hongyan. For example, "The geese crossing the river don't answer me, and the river is full of autumn water" (Du Fu's "To Li Bai at the End of the Sky"), and Li Qingzhao's word "The geese crossing"
Back, the moon is full of the West Building ",etc.
14, water: Because of the softness and constant shearing characteristics of water, poets often use water as a metaphor for sadness.
Li Yu said: "How much sadness can you have? Just like a river flowing eastward. " "People grow up and hate water." Compare cotton to water flowing from the east.
Persistent melancholy.
Qin Guan's Walking on the Sand: "Sorrow is drifting away, and the distance is like spring water." "It's the tears that will turn into a spring river, which will never stop flowing." Yi Liu
The relationship between water and sadness is also a common expression in classical poetry.
Because the river flows eastward, time passes, life is short, and the historical development trend is unstoppable. For example, Li Bai's "Into the Wine":
"Have you seen how the water of the Yellow River flows down from the sky and never comes back?