How does Sui and Tang literature reflect the characteristics of the times?

The Tang Dynasty, which was founded in 6 18 A.D., and the Tang Empire, which was established on the basis of the unification of the Sui Dynasty, was prosperous for a while, and its politics, economy and culture were in full swing. In order to expand the ruling base, the imperial examination was implemented in the Tang Dynasty, which brought a series of profound changes to the cultural development of the Tang Dynasty. First of all, a group of common people liberated from the power of the Six Dynasties stepped onto the historical stage and became the most active new force in political life. They are full of vigor and vitality, embrace the grand ambition of saving the world, praise social life and the ideal of the times, and obviously change their literary style. Secondly, "selecting scholars by poetry" effectively stimulated the cultural education of the landlord class and popularized the culture of the whole society; Thirdly, the roaming wind caused by the imperial examination system broadened the horizons of scholars, and a large number of scholars concentrated in the capital, making friends with Wen and learning from each other, which was also conducive to the improvement of literary literacy and literary skills.

In the Tang Dynasty, Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism were equally important and integrated, which greatly enlivened the literati's thoughts and profoundly influenced their creative ideas, methods and aesthetic tastes. In addition, the exchange and integration of Chinese and foreign cultures and arts, the extensive absorption of foreign cultural essence and the mutual penetration of various art categories have promoted the development of music, dance, painting, calligraphy, architecture, sculpture and other art categories. The strong cultural and artistic atmosphere greatly improved the literary accomplishment of the literati in the Tang Dynasty. Literati in Tang Dynasty were good at inheritance and innovation. It not only created the prosperity of literature, but also made the literature of different periods in 300 years look different and colorful.

Especially when the poems with a long history developed to the Tang Dynasty, it was like a hundred rivers returning to the sea, forming an unprecedented grandeur. Poetry is no longer the patent of a few nobles, but has become an all-encompassing cause for people from emperors and empresses to villagers and shepherds. The theme of poetry has also been liberated from the narrow court and Taiwan pavilion, and has moved towards the mountains, deserts and streets, and towards a broad social life. All people and things in life can be put into poetry, and people's emotions can be turned into vivid poetic language; Famous artists come forth in large numbers, excellent works are like forests, and various styles and schools are blooming, and the list is endless. No matter the development of content or the creation of art, Tang poetry has surpassed any era in history with brilliant achievements.

In the Tang Dynasty, not only did poetry reach the peak in the history of classical poetry in China, but the ancient prose movement also brought another climax of prose creation after the pre-Qin and Han Dynasties. The Tang Dynasty also produced a new poetic style-Ci, which combined poetry with music. A truly shaped classical Chinese novel, born out of the Six Dynasties, became a milestone in the development history of China's ancient novels. Bianwen, which only existed in the Tang Dynasty, is the source of China's rap literature.

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