The writing background of frontier fortress poems

1. Writing background of frontier fortress poems: The concept of frontier fortress strongly reflects the complex relationship between ancient China and surrounding ethnic minorities. Rulers of past dynasties demarcated the boundaries of their own dynasties and sent troops to the frontier in order to "resist foreign aggression." Therefore, the development of ethnic relations has always been accompanied by war, which has promoted exchanges and integration between ethnic groups. This was very prominent as early as the Zhou Dynasty. From the Western Zhou Dynasty to the mid-Spring and Autumn Period, social contradictions have been very sharp, and the result of the evolution of contradictions will inevitably lead to war, which is mainly manifested in the "resistance to foreign countries" in the Western Zhou Dynasty and the "hegemony" in the Spring and Autumn Period. In the final analysis, these wars stem from border issues and are essentially border wars. With the border war, there is bound to be a frontier life. These wars and life are reflected in literature, which is the frontier poems in the Book of Songs.

Second, expand the scope of knowledge:

1. Concept: Frontier poems are poems about the life and natural scenery of Han soldiers and civilians in the frontier. It is generally believed that frontier poems first developed in the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties, flourished in the Sui Dynasty, and entered the golden age of development in the Tang Dynasty. According to statistics, there were less than 200 frontier poems before the Tang Dynasty, and more than 2,000 frontier poems were included in The Whole Tang Poetry. Some of these chapters are not only valuable wealth of Han literature, but also of great historical significance.

2. Poetic School: The prosperous Tang Dynasty was the heyday of frontier fortress poetry creation, and the famous frontier fortress poetry school appeared, with representative poets such as Gao Shi, Cen Can, Wang Changling and Li Qi. Gao Shi's seven-character poem lines, Bai Xuege's Farewell to Tian Li Wu's Hometown, and Ben Ma He Song Farewell to Feng, the general of the Western Expedition, all represent the bold, majestic and romantic aesthetic style of frontier poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. In addition, Li Bai and Du Fu, great poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, also wrote frontier poems, which became part of their representative works. For example, Li Bai's Guan Shanyue, Six Poems of Xia Sai, The Battle of the South of the City, Popular in the North, etc. , Du Fu Garage Store, Qianjiu Dike, Houliu Dike, etc. Other poets also have famous frontier poems handed down from generation to generation, such as Wang Changling's "Out of the Frontier" and "Joining the Army", Wang Zhihuan's "Out of the Frontier" and William Wang's "Liangzhou Ci". Poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty became the climax of frontier fortress poetry creation. Wang Wei was a representative poet of frontier fortress poems in Tang Dynasty. (Wang Wei's frontier fortress, Old General, etc. Since then, there are not many frontier poems in the middle and late Tang Dynasty, but the theme has been expanded.

3. Ideological content: frontier fortress poetry is an artistic reflection of frontier fortress life, which is extremely rich in ideological content: it can express the lofty aspirations of making contributions to the country; You can write about the homesickness of border guards and the feelings of missing women at home; It can show the monotonous hardships of life outside the Great Wall and the cruel hardships of years of fighting; You can vent your dissatisfaction with the opening of the border and your resentment against the greed of the general; You can marvel at describing the strange scenery and folk customs of the frontier. What is revealed in the poem may also be contradictory and complicated emotions: the generosity of joining the army and the helplessness of homesickness for a long time; The conflict between patriotic passion and hard life; Dedication to the country and hatred for the incompetence of the general.

Because frontier life is rich and colorful, with joys and sorrows. As a result, frontier fortress poems have a wide range of themes and extremely rich contents. Due to the ups and downs in different periods of each dynasty, the mood in poetry is high and low, and each poet has different reasons and purposes for going to the frontier fortress, and his feelings are different, including praise and depreciation. The situation is quite complicated.