Li Baijin Chang 'an, on a whim, returned disappointed. After a year in Chang 'an, no one appreciated him and no one supported him. He left Chang 'an in anger after experiencing changes in the world. Ten years later, when he entered Chang 'an for the second time, the situation was completely different. This time, Emperor Xuanzong personally summoned him to Beijing. Li Bai was roaming in wuyue at that time. He was very happy to hear the imperial edict of Xuanzong. He "went out with a smile" and said goodbye to the child. This autumn, he arrived in Chang 'an. Xuanzong was very happy to see Li Bai's heroic posture. He got off and greeted him on foot. Give food to a bed with seven treasures, and serve it with a spoon, which is the imperial edict to make it imperial academy. Tang Xuanzong also said to Li Bai: "As an ordinary person, your name is known to me, which shows how great your moral talent is!" It seems that Xuanzong asked Li Bai to go to Beijing to do something. That was not the case. The so-called "Hanlin Hou Zhao" is nothing more than an attache of a consultant who prepares literary lyrics and a senior follower of the emperor. However, Li Baishang, who first arrived in Chang 'an, did not expect this. He thought he had the opportunity to display his talents and was quite satisfied with the days when he was treated well in all aspects. He once wrote Hanlin and drafted letters for the emperor; He accompanied the emperor to Huaqing Palace Hot Springs; He frequented the palace and wrote palace poems for Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and his favorite Yang Yuhuan.
Of course, Li Bai, who was waiting for the imperial edict of the Hanlin in the early days, did not really become a vulgar role specializing in flattery, a court scholar who lived among princes and nobles all day long. He used to be a heavy drinker, so he often drank with famous people in Chang 'an, and sometimes he got drunk at the head of Chang 'an Street, so he was called the "Eight Immortals of Drinking". He used to be flexible and liked nature. He often stayed between mountains and rivers. In addition, the life of Hanlin, who is waiting for the letter, is not always smooth. Soon, someone will slander him and speak ill of him. These ugly words reached Li Bai's ears, which also made him vaguely annoyed. The poem "From Xiazhongnan Mountain to Hu Si's Kind Pillow Bowl" is a side reflection of the poet's life and thoughts in the early days when he was waiting for a letter from Hanlin.
Zhong Nanshan is one of the main peaks in the Qinling Mountains, to the south of Chang 'an. Here, the mountains are rolling, and the forests and valleys are beautiful. In the Tang Dynasty, literati in Chang 'an came here to play or live in seclusion. Hu Si Ren Shan is a hermit with the surname of Hu Si, and Ren Shan is the name of the hermit. The title of the poem is relatively long, which is equivalent to a short preface. It means that the poet came down from Zhong Nanshan, passed the residence of Hushan people, accepted him for the night, and bought wine for entertainment. Poetry is probably written for this hermit.
This poem is full of fu style-narrative style. The first four sentences are about what I saw and heard on my way home from the mountain, the middle four sentences are about what Hushan people saw and heard, and the last six sentences are about the feelings of two people drinking and having sex and the poet. These meanings are written by the poet all the way, plain, casual and indifferent. There are no surprising words in the whole poem, and there are no exaggerated imaginary words used in Li Bai's other poems. But the simple atmosphere in poetry is difficult for ordinary low-energy poets to learn. This is a major artistic feature of Li Bai's poems, especially five-character ancient poems.
Look at the first four sentences first. The phrase "going to the blue mountain in the evening" tells the origin of the poet, that is, the name of the poem means "going to the south mountain" The word dusk means the time to go down the mountain, which means that the poet played in Zhong Nanshan all day and didn't set foot on his way home until dusk. Blue is dark green, and the color is darker than green. This is because the mountains and valleys are infected with dusk. "Xia" naturally means to write home, but the word "Xia" also reveals that although the poet has been running around all day, he is not tired and his steps are still light. The first sentence is very concise, and the scenes of playing mountains and rivers during the day are all omitted, which is very spiritual. Wang Wei, a poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, wrote a five-rhythm poem, which ended with two sentences: "I need a place to spend the night and call a woodcutter crossing the river." Fun is enough, and tourists are a little tired. We can't say that the ending of Wang Wei's poems is not good, but Li Bai's opening sentence reveals that he is not full of fun and fatigue, and it is indeed more exciting. It is precisely because the poet has no energy and interest that he can pay close attention to the scenery on the way down the mountain. "Moonlight is my way home", and the poet first noticed the mountains and the moon. It was getting dark and the moon appeared in the east. The faint moonlight shone on the poet who went down the mountain, as if walking forward with the poet. Anyone who has walked on a moonlit night will have this illusion. Tao Yuanming, a poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, has such a poem: "Bring the Moon Lotus home." The moon rises higher than in Li Bai's poems, but the experience is the same. This sentence is also the poet's true feelings, perhaps not wonderful, but the lover's moon is so affectionate in the poet's pen.
"Looking back, I see my way, lying in layers of shadows." Cuiwei, indigo, here refers to the mountain. After walking for a while, the dusk is as thick as before. Looking back, it's not very clear. What you see is Zhong Nanshan, which is getting darker and greener. Standing behind you, it seems that the narrow path has merged into Zhong Nanshan. Appreciate these two sentences, and I can't put down the words in front of me. Twilight is getting darker, because with the moon, it is not dark, and the whole mountain and road are melted in the dark night; But after all, the twilight is thick, the light is weak at the beginning of Yuet Hua, the narrow mountain road can't be seen clearly, and the Zhongnanshan Mountain, which was originally well-defined and far and near, is also blurred. These two sentences are also true. Most of us have this experience when walking at night. The difficulty is not whether you have such an experience, but whether you can write it down, so these two sentences seem dull, but in fact they reflect the poet's profound efforts to refine his thoughts and exercise his words. This is what poets often say, "seemingly ordinary, but actually the strangest".
Look at the middle four sentences again. "I passed a friend's farmhouse", and Tianjia refers to Tianjia in the mountain. Tribal tiger is a hermit, but it still has an idyll, not a real farmhouse. The word "mutual support" is worth chewing. There are two explanations: first, Li Bai and Hushan people traveled together in Zhong Nanshan, and they came to Hushan people's hometown together; Secondly, Li Bai met Hu Si by chance on the way down the mountain, and they took him to his home. These two explanations are common in poetry, but they have little to do with the title of the poem. In the poem, it is said that "people leave wine after Hushan". It should be that Li Bai went to Hushan's home alone. So, who does "handling" mean? I thought it meant mountains and the moon, which is very poetic and interesting. The upper level said that the mountains and the moon seemed to know each other, attached to the poet, and returned with the poet, so it was not abrupt to say that they carried the mountains and the moon here. It means to lead, lead and support, and it also means to contact and accompany. "Moonlight is my escort home" is the understanding of the moon, "I passed a friend's farmhouse" is human and affectionate.
Hu Si is an old acquaintance of Li Bai. He came down from the mountain, and it was getting late, so he went to Hu Si's home. When "his child calls from the gate of thorns", childishness refers to a child, or it may be a boy at Hoose. Fei Jing is a Chai Men made of Vitex negundo. In Tang poetry, people who are cold and poor, but those who are used to seclusion, add some wild interest, indicating that their owners don't admire official titles and stay away from worldly dust. Two sentences, "He led me around the green bamboo, where the green vine tripped over my skirt", wrote the green and deep of the Hook Mountain People's Court. I think the evening is getting darker and darker. Of course, the colors of green bamboo and green radish are indistinguishable, but the green of bamboo and radish can be known without the poet's imagination, because the poet and Hu Si are old friends and have been to this yard more than once. Luo refers to a female Luo, a plant that climbs up a tree and hangs down slightly from it. Here, the poet doesn't write about the height and green density of the tree, but the reader doesn't need to imagine. The lush bamboo forests and trees of Hushan people, the blue mountains visited by the poet and the verdant scenery revisited constitute a green world that fascinates the poet. The entrance of "Lead me around Yuzhu again" makes people feel that this secluded path is composed of green shade and bamboo, which is clearly a welcome to the arrival of the poet. "There, the' touch' of the green vines grabbing and grabbing my clothes is a warm welcome to the poet. Everything in nature is sentient, just like the mountains and the moon follow people. So, what about Shanyue? He is no longer a poet? When I arrived at the secluded Hooke Mountain People's Court, I naturally couldn't see it. Shanyue, who was familiar with the story, broke up with the poet for the time being.
The last six sentences are the poet's communication with Hushan people and the poet's feelings. "I'm glad to have a chance to rest" refers to two people's speculation, rest and overnight. "Drinking and chatting * * * waves" means that two people meet and know each other, and waves mean drinking. These two sentences cut off the words "accommodation" and "buying wine" on the topic. There is no other word to describe drinking. The use of "wave" may be to make use of rhyme, but it also shows the poet's binge drinking at that time: "wave" means to spill and splash, that is, to drink a cup, then lean back and remove the remaining drops from it. This kind of action can be seen in both classical opera and dance now. From the word "wave", we can imagine "one cup after another" (Li Bai's Drinking with Lovers in the Mountains) and "300 cups a day" (Li Bai's Song of Xiangyang) as the image of "a fairy in wine": free and easy, bold and relaxed. Among China's classical poets, there are many alcoholics, but I'm afraid only a few of them can become "swingers", such as Li Bai. But then again, the poet's choice of words is not poor, nor is it skillful. In Li Bai, it is just the natural expression of his personality and nature. The phrase "we sing to the tune of the pine wind;" We finished our song when the stars set "means they have been drinking for a long time. Long song, should be intonation, drag on for a long time, the so-called slow voice, everything. Singing the wind refers to the symphony of songs and the waves of mountain pines-the poet has not forgotten the joy of traveling in the mountains during the day. The river stars are sparse, indicating late at night. River star, galaxy star mountain. The moon gradually rose to the zenith, the moon stars were scarce, and the moonlight poured down like water.
After singing a song, look up at the sky and see the bright moonlight-the poet does not forget the affectionate and well-informed mountains and moons. This poem was originally not about his friendship with Hushan people, so the poet wrote "happy words" and "good wine", which literally explained the kindness of Hushan people to him, and then inadvertently echoed the beginning of "blue mountains" and "mountains and moons", thus making the whole poem a whole. "When my friend and I were drunk, we were happier, but Tao Ran forgot his machine", "Tao Ran" is a happy appearance, and "Forget his machine" is the language of Taoism, which means forgetting the caring and cunning heart, being self-satisfied and peaceful, and not competing with the world. These two sentences mean that I am drunk and you are happy. We seem to have forgotten the existence of flesh and blood, away from worldly wisdom and hypocrisy. These two sentences are very similar to the familiar floating language, but they are actually the key words of the whole poem theme. Hushan people are hermits and Taoists. Li Bai told him in Taoist language that "forgetting the machine" was the talk of spectators and social entertainment. But in his own view, this significance is very profound. At the beginning of his imperial edict to Hanlin, he went into and out of the palace, played with officialdom and looked on coldly. The struggle for fame and fortune between the palace and the DPRK is nothing more than flies chasing blood. He never took it to heart. Unexpectedly, he was "honored" and attracted the slander of some villains. Those who vilify him and speak ill of him are sneaking around, sneaking around and hiding. It's really funny. With Li Bai's broad-mindedness, where is the leisure to dispute with them? "Tao Ran * * * forgot his machine" is not only about himself, but also about the people of Mount Hook; We don't care if the unknown Hushan can really "forget the plane"? Li Bai really "forgot his plane" under the intoxication of nature and wine.
Li Bai has been in Chang 'an for three years, and the actual time is only a little over one and a half years. In the early summer of Tianbao three years, Li Bai was politely driven out of Chang 'an by Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. Shortly after Li Bai left Chang 'an, he met Du Fu in Luoyang. The two great poets fell in love at first sight and became bosom friends. In a poem written for Li Bai, Du Fu talked about his own experience: "Being a guest in the East for two years is tiring of being clever." He spent two years in Luoyang, the eastern capital, and was really tired of what he saw and heard. Maybe Li Bai told Du Fu everything, so Du Fu wrote these words and confessed to Li Bai. The two greatest poets in the Tang Dynasty had different experiences, but how similar their magnanimous minds were!
The above is a full-text quotation, thanks to the original author.
But I found that it was time to pay back the money.
This poem should have been written by Li Bai when he was an official in Chang 'an. According to the Book of the New Tang Dynasty, Li Bai was uninhibited and unabashed. He once asked Gao Lishi to take off his boots, which offended the imperial concubine and Gao Lishi. So Xuanzong wanted to give him an official position, but Yang Guifei stopped him. Li Bai knew that he could not tolerate powerful people, so he became more and more unrestrained, with He, Li, Ruyang, Cui Zongzhi, Zhang Xu. This poem should be written under this background. This is added at the end.