The whole poem is divided into two sections. The first four sentences are written from the other side, and the disciple Ouyang Xiucai is about to leave for a trip. Two metaphors are used in the poem. The "guest" in the first sentence refers to Ouyang Xiucai who was a guest in Bianjing. As soon as the spring breeze blows, the grass and trees begin to sprout. Just like the grass and trees sprouting, Ouyang Xiucai also has a desire to travel. "Suddenly the spring breeze moves" points out the time. The words "suddenly" and "moving" are particularly precise. The flowers, plants and trees in spring often look bare the first day, but suddenly sprout new buds the next day. The word "moving" not only refers to the occurrence of germination, but also refers to its continuous growth under the spring breeze; once it sprouts, it will soon grow branches, leaves, and flowers. The same is true for the idea of ??traveling. Once it arises, it continues to grow and become stronger and stronger. Therefore, the third sentence uses the word "yousui" to immediately follow. The flowers blossomed from the shady buds, and were blown down by the wind and flew into the sky. Ouyang Xiucai's heart followed the falling flowers and flew to the Xijiang River. "Xijiang" refers to the western section of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, which is the "Jiangxi" in the title. Classical poems describe falling flowers, often with a sentimental mood. This poem describes their flying and flying flowers, but they are full of vitality. "Xijiang Dream" refers to the imagined life of traveling to Jiangxi that is about to begin. Dreams are unpredictable and erratic; you can dream about the past as well as the future. Using "dream" to describe traveling life can arouse endless associations: it reminds people of Ouyang Xiucai's unpredictable whereabouts after he went to Jiangxi. The rich, diverse and unpredictable life reminds people of his waking and dreaming about this day in Beijing. Memories of a period of life - including the author's farewell this time - are full of beautiful longings for the future and deep nostalgia for the past. They are affectionate, endlessly meaningful, and the language is perfect. . These four metaphors are novel and appropriate, turning Ouyang Xiucai's trip to Jiangxi into a vivid depiction, which shows the author's talent and artistic creativity.
The next six sentences turn to the author's side, writing a positive farewell, still using metaphors. The phoenix is ??a legendary divine bird. It is said that it will not live in anything other than a parasol tree and will not eat anything other than bamboo. It appears only when the world is at peace. The poem uses it to compare Ouyang Xiucai, saying that his talent is outstanding and incomparable. It expresses the author's admiration for him and hopes that he can make contributions to the court in the future. "There are no parasol trees at home" is not only the poet's self-effacement, but also an encouragement to his disciples, wishing him to fly high and strive for progress. The disciple is about to travel far away, and the teacher is very concerned about his future. The following two sentences are his sincere instructions. Guilin refers to the osmanthus forest. It is said that the osmanthus forest is the place where Phoenix gathers. "The Journey of Heaven and Earth" says: "There are seventy osmanthus trees in the north of Mount Tai... there are often nine-color flying phoenixes and pearl-colored birds singing here." Liu Xiang's "Nine Sighs": "The osmanthus trees are lined up and spread. , the purple flowers are blooming on the cloth. The real hole is where the luan lives, but now the only thing that gathers here is the phoenix. The old saying goes that nothing can help you in return. Shu Xi of the Jin Dynasty's "Poetry for the Restoration of Death·Nanbei": "The crows in the forest are wailing, and they are fed by their children." This poem uses "wu bu" to refer to crows, which are ordinary birds and are used as a metaphor for mediocre people. Qu Yuan's "Chu Ci·Shejiang": "The phoenixes and phoenixes are far away as the sun. The sparrows and black magpies are nesting in the halls and altars." It is a metaphor that the wise men are far away and the villains steal the throne. It can be seen that the phoenixes and crows are of different types and cannot be combined. . The two lines "Phoenix Nest" in this poem use this implicit meaning, which is to ask Ouyang Xiucai to choose his own place well after going to Jiangxi, be cautious about making friends, and not to live or interact with vulgar people; at the same time, it also praises Ouyang Xiucai and says that he The future has a bright future that cannot be compared with that of the "Wu Bu" generation. This is the author's parting words. The ending is immediately followed by "Guilin", with a toast of wine and greetings by fame and fortune, which completes the meaning of farewell. "Book of Jin·Biography of Que Shen": "When I moved to Yongzhou to be the governor, Emperor Wu saw him off in the East Hall. He asked Shen: "What do you think you are like?" Shen replied: "I am the best in the world in recommending virtuous countermeasures, even in Guilin. One branch is a piece of jade from Kunshan." Later, he was called "Gui Gui" because he passed the imperial examination. "Never forget the glory of Guizhi" means that Ouyang Xiucai should not give up the imperial examination; giving him a drink is not only a farewell, but also a wish for him to pass the imperial examination in the future, live up to what he has learned, and fulfill his lifelong ideals. In the imperial examination era, the only way for ordinary scholars to join the official ranks was to take the exam and get the first place, so the author concludes with this, giving a solemn warning and expressing his ardent expectations for his disciples. According to the "Chronicle of Song Poetry", thirty-two years after this farewell, Ouyang Pichi won the Jinshi Scholarship in 1091 (the sixth year of Yuanyou), and he lived up to his teacher's hope. In 1100 (the third year of Yuanfu), Su Shi moved south to Hepu (now part of Guangdong) and met Ouyang Pi. Ouyang Pi showed Su Shi the poem that Mei Yaochen had sent him. Su Shi and Ouyang Pi both came from Mei Yaochen's family and received the kindness of knowing and meeting. So after Su Shi saw this poem, he wrote a very affectionate postscript.
A lot of metaphors are used in ancient poetry, but it is rare to see a ten-sentence five-character ancient poem that uses metaphors from beginning to end. This is the artistic success of this poem. Metaphors can make poems more implicit, more vivid, and more poetic. Ouyang Xiu said that "Sheng Yu (named by Yao Chen) had subtle thoughts, with far-reaching and leisurely meanings" (see "Liuyi Poetry Talk"). This article has absolutely no gorgeous words, it is exquisite and detailed, and has a long lasting charm. It is a good example.