Author: Du Mu
A drizzling rain falls like tears on the Mourning Day; The mourner's heart is going to break on his way.
Ask local people where to buy wine? The shepherd boy just laughed and didn't answer Xingshan Village.
Tomb-Sweeping Day's Translation
During the Qingming Festival in the south of the Yangtze River, the drizzle drifted one after another, and all the passengers on the road were down and out.
Ask the local people where to buy wine to relieve the hangover. The shepherd boy just smiled and pointed to the village deep in the apricot blossom.
Tomb-Sweeping Day Notes
Qingming: one of the 24 solar terms, around April 5 in the solar calendar. On the day of the old custom, there were activities such as sweeping graves, hiking and inserting willows. In the palace, it was the Swing Festival. Swings were placed in the Palace of Kunning and the harem, and the concubines performed swing plays.
One by one: multiple descriptions.
Want to break the soul: describe extreme sadness, as if the soul is to be separated from the body. Broken soul: looks sad and unhappy. The meaning of these two sentences is that there are many rains in the Qingming period, and it is fluttering; In this weather and this festival, pedestrians on the road are depressed and upset.
Excuse me: Excuse me.
Xinghua village: a village deep in apricot flowers. Today is outside Xiushan Gate in Guichi, Anhui Province. Influenced by this poem, later generations often take "Xinghua Village" as the name of the hotel.
Interpretation of poetry
When I was in Tomb-Sweeping Day, the poet couldn't go home to visit the grave, but it was no longer a taste to travel alone on a foreign road. Besides, the weather is not good, a sullen face, the drizzle of cattle hair will fall one after another, the eyes are foggy, and the spring clothes are wet. Poet, it's heartbreaking! Find a hotel to shelter from the rain, warm up and eliminate the sadness in your heart, but where is the hotel? The poet thought about it and asked the shepherd boy by the roadside. The little shepherd boy riding on the back of the cow pointed to the distance with his hand-oh, in the village full of apricot flowers, the cover of a hotel was raised high, attracting pedestrians!
Word annotation
1, Qingming: the name of the solar term, April 4th or 5th in the solar calendar every year. This poem, Fan Chuan's collection of poems "Bieji Quantang Poetry" has not been collected. It was first seen in Xie Fangde's Poems of a Thousand Families, which was attributed to Du Mu by Xie Zhen in Ming Dynasty.
2. Pedestrians: This refers to people who travel outside.
3, desire: almost, simple.
4. Soul-breaking: It is a metaphor for sadness and sorrow, as if the soul should be separated from the body.
5. Sorry: Sorry.
6. Restaurant: Hotel.
7. Xinghua Village: A village in the depths of apricot flowers, which was named after a place famous for its wine making.
Appreciation of Tomb-Sweeping Day
This day is Qing Sheng Festival, and the poet Du Mu was walking on the road when it rained. Qingming life, although it is a season of blooming flowers and bright spring, is also a period of changeable climate, and there are often "noisy weather". As early as the Liang Dynasty, it was recorded that the first two days of the Qing Dynasty were the Cold Food Festival, and there were often "high winds and continuous rains". If it rains on your birthday, there is another one called "pouring rain on the fire". It was such a day that the poet met.
The poet used the word "one after another" to describe the "pouring rain" that day, which was really great. "One after another", if described by snow, should be heavy snow. But writing about rain is just the opposite. It is not the heavy rain that makes people feel "one after another", but the rain in Mao Mao. This kind of Mao Mao rain is the characteristic of spring rain. There is a lot of rain in Mao Mao, which is the kind of rain that is "like crisp rain in the sky". It is different from the torrential rain in summer, and it is by no means the same as the intermittent autumn rain. This song "After Rain" just captures the spirit of "throwing fire and rain" in "Qing Sheng" and releases the beautiful realm of "being a cold bully and being trapped in the willow".
This "one after another" is natural, and there is no doubt that it describes the artistic conception of spring rain; But it's more than that. It also has a special function, that is, it actually describes the mood of travelers in the rain.
Look at the following sentence: "pedestrians on the road want to break their souls." A "pedestrian" is a person who travels outside, not a spring outing. So what is "broken soul"? But in poetry, "soul" refers mostly to spiritual and emotional things. "Soul-breaking" is an attempt to describe a very strong, but not vain, hidden feeling, such as love for acacia, disappointment, dark sorrow and deep hatred. When poets have such emotions, they often like to use the word "broken soul" to express their feelings.
The birthday celebration was felt by the ancients, which is not exactly the same as our concept today. But at that time, the Cantata Festival was a big festival with rich colors and emotional appeal. It should have been family reunion, sightseeing or grave-sweeping, which is the main etiquette and custom. In addition to the princes and grandchildren who love flowers and wine, some thoughtful poets, especially those with rich feelings, have quite complicated feelings. If you travel alone again, this scene is very hurtful and it will be easier to arouse his mind. It happened that it was raining in Mao Mao, and the shirts in spring were all wet, adding another layer of sadness to pedestrians. In this way, we can understand why the poet wrote the word "broken soul" at this moment; Otherwise, if it rains a little, it will be worth "breaking the soul". Isn't that reasonable?
In this way, we can return to the word "one after another". Originally, people who travel during festivals already have many ideas. In addition, they are scattered in the wind and rain, walking in the rain, making their mood more miserable. So they all describe spring rain, but they can also describe emotions; It can even be said that the description of spring rain is to describe emotions. This is a stunt and a landscape in China's classical poetry.
The first two sentences explain the situation and the problem has also occurred. What shall we do? We need to find a solution. Pedestrians can't help thinking at this moment: where can I find a small hotel? Things are very white: find a small hotel, rest your feet and take shelter from the rain; Second, drink three cups to relieve the cold in spring and warm clothes wet by rain; Most importantly, it can also dispel my concerns. So, ask someone for directions.
Who did you ask for directions? The poet didn't tell us in the third sentence, but the mystery lies in the fourth sentence: "The shepherd boy points to Xinghua Village". But grammatically speaking, "shepherd boy" is the subject of this sentence, but it is also the object of the previous sentence "I'm sorry"-it complements both sides of the previous question and answer. Did the shepherd boy answer? We don't know, but taking "action" as a reply is harder and more powerful than answering.
"Yao" literally means far. However, we who read poetry must not stick to the literal meaning everywhere and think that Xinghua Village must be far away from here. This finger made us like it. If the distance is really far, it is difficult to have an artistic connection. If it is really in front of you, it loses its implicit and infinite interest: strangely, it is not far away. "Xinghua Village" is not necessarily the real village name, nor does it necessarily refer to restaurants. Just point out that it is enough to go to this beautiful village in the depths of apricot blossoms. It goes without saying that there is a small hotel waiting to receive guests walking in the rain.
The poem only wrote "pointing to Xinghua Village" and stopped abruptly, without a word. The rest, how happy pedestrians are when they hear the news, how they walk forward, how excited they are to find the restaurant, how happy they are to get the satisfaction and satisfaction of shelter from the rain and sadness ... These poets "don't care". He left all this behind and left it to the readers to imagine and let them seek understanding. He just introduces the realm of a poem to readers, but he is not responsible for guiding the panorama; On the other hand, he opened a wider imagination space for readers than this poem shows. This is the inexhaustible nature of art.
This is the enjoyment of poets and our readers, this is art, and this is where China's classical poems are particularly good at. The ancients once said that a good poem can be "a scene is difficult to write, so it is in front of you;" Endless meaning is beyond words. " Take this poem "Clear Sound" as an example, it is well-deserved in a sense.
This little poem, without any difficult words and allusions, is written in very popular language and has no trace of management. The syllables are very harmonious and complete, the scene is very fresh and vivid, and the realm is beautiful and interesting. Poetry is also natural in style and written in order. The first sentence explains the scene, environment and atmosphere, which is "on"; The second sentence is "Cheng", which describes the characters and shows their sad and confused mentality. The third sentence is "turn", but it also puts forward how to get rid of this mentality; This directly forced out the fourth sentence and became the highlight of the whole article-"he". But in art, this is a last resort, from low to high, gradually rising, climax after climax. The so-called climax is not an unobstructed view, but an intriguing aftertaste. These are the heights of the poet's life, and they are also worth learning and inheriting! (1). There are 16 ancient poems describing Tomb-Sweeping Day (2). There are 39 famous poems describing Tomb-Sweeping Day (3). What are the ancient poems about Tomb-Sweeping Day (4)? In 2023, there were 30 online messages about Tomb-Sweeping Day's heroic sacrifice (5). In 2023, Qingming heroically sacrificed 50 short messages (6). In 2023, there were 40 short messages about Tomb-Sweeping Day (7). A summary of college students' activities in Tomb-Sweeping Day (four articles) (8). Teenagers' Experience in Tomb-Sweeping Day Activities (Four Articles) (9). Experience of primary and middle school students in Tomb-Sweeping Day (five articles) (10). Tomb-Sweeping Day's collection of short sentences mourning martyrs.