Boya Juexian: Juexian, cut off. Boya broke the piano because she died in childhood, and never played it again. It is a metaphor for abandoning a certain specialty and hobby after the loss of a confidant, expressing mourning.
In ancient times, there was a story that Yu Boya thanked her bosom friend when he broke the piano, which was passed down as a story throughout the ages. Yu Boya, a talented musician, likes to play a song "Mountain Flowing Water", but no one can understand it. He plays the piano on the mountain, and the music is high but few. Finally, one day, a woodcutter who cut wood passed by and understood his Mountain Flowing Water. This man was Zhong Ziqi. Yu Boya's bosom friend is Zhong Ziqi. They made an appointment to meet two years later, but Zhong Ziqi didn't show up two years later. Yu Boya inquired in many ways to know that Zhong Ziqi had died of illness, so it was impossible to go to his appointment again. Yu Boya was heartbroken. He knew that Zizi was the only one who could understand his music. Now that Zizi is dead, no one will understand his music again, so he broke his beloved piano at Zizi's grave, which also showed his respect and regret for his bosom friend. This is the story of "Bo Ya broke the piano to thank his bosom friend". Bo Ya missed his childhood with grief, and people used it to sigh that his bosom friend was hard to find.
adopting Wei in the Book of Songs
Time: Pre-Qin
Author: The Book of Songs
Works: adopting Wei
Content:
adopting Wei, Wei also stops.
when you return, you will return, and you will never stop at the age of 18.
it's the reason why you can't live in a lonely room.
if you don't live in prosperity, you will die.
pick up the EU, and the EU will be gentle.
when you go home, you are worried.
intense anxiety carries hunger and thirst.
I'm undecided, so I'm afraid I'll be hired.
pick the EU, and the EU has just stopped.
when you return, you return, and when you are old, you stop.
Wang is in a hurry.
I'm worried, I can't do it.
Bilviho is the wisdom of Wei Chang.
Lu Si is a gentleman's car.
if you drive a car, you will have four industries.
how dare you settle down? January 3rd is the first day.
drive four horses, four horses.
a gentleman depends on it, but a villain depends on it.
Four-legged wings, like a fish suit.
if you don't quit every day, you'll get hurt.
in the past, I was gone, and the willows were reluctant.
today, when I think about it, it's raining.
if you walk slowly, you will be thirsty and hungry.
I'm sad, don't know I'm sad.
Note:
It is from the book of songs Xiaoya Luming Literature.
Wei, a wild pea seedling, is edible.
to work, to live, means to be born. Stop, the auxiliary word at the end.
say, say, say. It is said to be an initial auxiliary word, which has no real meaning.
mo is the word "dusk" today.
there is no room to live without a family. It means that men are dissatisfied with women.
Appreciation
In the cold winter, it was raining and snowing, and a conscript who retired from the army walked alone on his way home. The road is rugged, hungry and thirsty; But the border is getting farther and farther, and the township is getting closer. At the moment, he looks at his hometown from afar, remembering the present and remembering the past, and can't help but have complicated thoughts and mixed feelings. Hard military life, fierce battle scenes, countless times of climbing to the top of the mountain, scenes reappeared in front of us. "Picking the EU" is such a long-standing pawn three thousand years ago, and it is a work of reminiscing and sighing on the way home. Its category belongs to Xiaoya, but it is quite similar to Guofeng.
The poem consists of six chapters, which can be divided into three layers. Since it is a reminiscence on the way home, it is written in flashback. The first three chapters are one layer, recalling the feeling of homesickness and describing the reasons for the difficulty in returning. The first four sentences of these three chapters express homesickness and longing for home in a step-by-step way. As time goes by, this kind of mood becomes more and more urgent and unbearable. The first sentence starts with picking the EU, but it is both prosperous and rich. Because Osmunda is edible, the guards are picking Osmunda to satisfy their hunger. Therefore, this casual sentence is a verbal prospect, reflecting the hardships of the soldiers guarding the border. The "picking Wei" of the foot soldiers in the border area is indistinguishable from the "picking flies" and "picking mulberry" of the women in their hometown. Garrison is not only hard, but also long. "Wei also stops", "soft stop" and "just stop" step by step, vividly depicting the growth process of Osmunda japonica from breaking ground to sprouting, to tender seedlings, and then to hard stems and leaves. Together with "Don't stop at the age of" and "Stop at the age of Yang", it indicates the passage of time and the long garrison. At the beginning of the year and at dusk, things change and the stars move, "I will return to my hometown", but I will not return for a long time; For the guards who are always in danger of their lives, how can they not be "worried"? Then, why is it difficult to return to the garrison? The last four sentences are explained layer by layer: being far away from home is because of the suffering of the armadillo; The garrison is uncertain because of frequent wars; No time to rest, because the king is endless. The root cause is "the reason of the ghost". Hanshu? Xiongnu Biography said: "When the king was taken (Zhou), the royal family declined, and Rong Di invaded and tyrannized China. China suffered from it, and the poet started it. When he was ill, he sang:' The house is ruined, so it is awkward'. " This can be regarded as the background of the work "Picking Wei". For the suffering of the armadillo, the ordinary man has the responsibility of guarding the service. In this way, on the one hand, it is homesickness complex, on the other hand, it is fighting consciousness. The first three chapters are intertwined with the personal feelings of homesickness and the sense of responsibility for going to disaster for the country, which are two contradictory and equally true thoughts and feelings. In fact, this also constitutes the emotional tone of the whole poem, but the personal feelings of homesickness and the sense of responsibility for fighting have different performances in different chapters.
The fourth and fifth chapters trace the tense life of marching operations. He wrote about the strength of military capacity and the strictness of alert, and the whole article did it one brace up. Its emotional appeal has also changed from a sad feeling of homesickness to a passionate feeling of fighting. These two chapters have the same four sentences and one meaning, and can be read in four layers. In the first four sentences of the four chapters, the poet asks himself and answers himself, and "the car of a gentleman" is raised with "the wisdom of maintaining stability", showing the unique pride of soldiers. Then, two battle scenes are described around the chariot: "The chariot is driving, and the four industries are engaged. I dare to settle down, and I will be happy on January 3. " This generally describes the mighty military capacity, high morale and frequent fighting; "Driving there four stallions, four stallions. The gentleman depends on it, and the villain is flying. " This, in turn, describes in detail the scene where the foot soldiers followed the chariot under the cover of the chariot and under the command of the general. Finally, from the battle scene, the soldiers' equipment was written: "Four rows of wings, like a fish suit." The war horse is strong and well-trained, and the weapon is excellent and invincible. Soldiers are ready every day, just because the armadillo is really rampant, "Don't quit every day, the armadillo has holes and thorns", which not only reflects the situation at the border at that time, but also explains the reason why it is difficult to return for a long time. According to the description of military life in these two chapters, Mao Xu thinks that Picking Wei is a poem to "send troops to guard" and persuade soldiers. This is inconsistent with poetry. Judging from the contradictory feelings expressed in the whole poem, the garrison soldier is both homesick and aware of the overall situation, and it seems that there is no lack of responsibility for the rise and fall of the country. Therefore, it is very natural to recall the fighting life of yesterday's birth and death on the long way home.
The emotional theme that covers the whole article is the sad homesickness. Perhaps it was the sudden snowflake that woke the garrison soldier, and he returned to reality from reminiscence, and then fell into deeper sadness. Remembering the past and remembering the present, how can we not make my heart sad? "Yesterday I was gone, willow yiyi. Today I think about it, it's raining. " This is when writing a scene, and it is even more lyrical. Individual life exists in time, and in the context changes of "today" and "past", "coming" and "going", "raining with snow" and "willow yiyi", the guards deeply experienced the waste of life, the passage of life and the denial of life value by war. Peerless literary feelings are always new through the ages. Today, people can't help but feel sad when they read these four sentences, mainly because they realize the deep sense of life passing in the poetic realm. "Walking slowly, carrying thirst and carrying hunger", coupled with the long way home, dangerous road, lack of luggage, hunger and thirst, this immediate life dilemma has deepened his sadness. The "delay in walking" seems to also include the guards' concerns about their parents and wives. After a few years, it is impossible to know whether you will be hired or not. When this return comes, the fear of "now, nearing my village, meeting people and I dare not ask a single question" (Crossing the Han River by Tang Lipin) will inevitably arise. However, in this rainy wilderness, no one knows and no one comforts; "My heart is sad, I don't know I am sad", and the whole poem ends in this lonely and helpless lament. Looking at the whole poem, the typical significance of Cai Wei's leading emotion is not to express the feelings of sending garrisons to persuade soldiers to fight, but to set the war conflict between the dynasty and the barbarians in retreat as the background, to separate individuals who are subordinate to the national military action from the battlefield, and to express the inner world of the garrisons who have been garrisoned for a long time and are worried by the way home, thus showing Zhou people's disgust and disgust at war. "Picking Wei" seems to be the ancestor of war-weary poems throughout the ages.
in art, "I am gone in the past, and the willows are reluctant. Today, I think it's raining ",which is called one of the best poems in" 3 Articles ". Since Xie Xuan in the Southern Dynasties, the comment on it has been a history of interpretation for more than 1,5 years. Wang Fuzhi's Poems in Jiangzhai have become the mantra of poets, namely, "To write mourning with pleasure, to mourn for Syaraku, and to double its sorrow and joy" and Liu Xizai's "Art Outline" have become the favorite words of poets. The sentence patterns of "past" and "present" are repeatedly imitated by poets, such as Cao Zhi's "Frost knot begins, now comes from dew" (Love Poem), Yan Yanzhi's "Yesterday's words are not plain in autumn, but now they are full of China" (Poetry of Autumn Hu), and so on.
xian (Shang Sheng) and yun (Shang Sheng), that is, Beidi and Xiongnu.
I'm too busy. Open, kneel and sit in danger. Live, sit and live in peace. The ancients sat on the floor, so there was a difference between sitting in danger and sitting in peace. Whether sitting in danger or sitting in safety, both knees are seated. When sitting in danger (kneeling), the waist is straight and the hips are left with the same feet; When sitting, stick your hips on your heels.
soft, tender. "Soft" grows further than "Zuo".
fierce, still blazing.
if you are hungry and thirsty, you will be hungry and thirsty; Hungry and thirsty.
guard, defend. Stop, stop.
hiring and asking are greetings.
just, hard.
yang, October is yang. Today, it is still said that "it's sunny in October".
gu (Shang Sheng) is interpreted by Wang Yinzhi as endless.
when you start, you still say that you start living.
hole, very, very. Guilt, illness, pain.
er, pretend to be "". , flowers bloom.
Chang, Chang Di, Bifu, plant name.
the road, pretending to be a "bump", is a cart. Si He, still say what Wei He.
a gentleman means a general.
chariots and personnel carriers.
male, male. Industry, expand appearance.
settle down, but live in peace.
Jie, pick up. It means to engage in war and engagement. When you say, agile, evil comes out, it means diverting the March. This sentence means that there are many marches in January.
raccoon (kui, rising sun) is strong and mighty.
fei (rising sun), shelter, cover.
wings, carefree appearance. The horse is well trained.
mi, a kind of bow, is decorated with bone horns at both ends. Elephant, decorated with ivory at the end of the bow. Fish clothes, quiver made of fish skin.
daily warning means daily vigilance.
spine, urgent. Kong Ji, it's urgent.
in the past, point out the sign time.
yiyi, lush appearance. Say, attachment appearance.
think, the final auxiliary word.
it's raining and snowy.
late, slow.
Author's Biography:
The Book of Songs was compiled in the middle of the 6th century BC, and it is said that it was compiled by Confucius, the founder of Confucianism. It is the first collection of poems in China, with 35 works, which are divided into three parts: wind, elegance and ode, all of which are named after music. "Wind" is a local music tune, which contains the folk songs of fifteen countries at that time; "Elegance" is divided into big and small, and it is mostly a movement made by nobles; "Ode" is a musical song used for offering sacrifices in ancestral temples.
Cai Wei
refers to seclusion. Historical Records? Biography of Boyi records: "The King of Wu has quelled Yin chaos, and the world lived in Zhou and Zhou Dynasties, while Boyi and Shu Qi were ashamed of it, and they refused to eat Zhou Su, and were trapped in shouyangshan, picking up Wei and eating it." It tells the story of Boyi and Shu Qi who lived in seclusion in Shan Ye and refused to serve Zhou. Meng Jiao's "Feelings" (V): "Only talents can be trusted in heaven, and whoever takes the lead will take the EU. "Go to the wilderness, and the sunset will return to the west." Later, he also showed his adherence to moral integrity. Wen Tianxiang's "Nan 'an Army": "The mountains and rivers are eternal, and the battlements are temporary. "Hungry to death is my ambition, and I dream of picking the roses."
Translation:
Pick a handful of Osmunda japonica Thunb, and the new buds of Osmunda japonica Thunb have grown up. Say go home, say go home, and it will be another year. To have a home is to have no home, to fight with a ghost. There is no leisure to sit down and fight with the ghosts.
pick the roses in handfuls. Osmunda japonica is tender and budding. Say "Go home" and "Go home", and I am worried. It's bitter to be full of anxiety, burning, hungry and thirsty. It's hard to decide on the land defense transfer. Who will take the book trust home?
pick a handful of Osmunda japonica Thunb. Osmunda japonica Thunb. has grown old. Say "Go home" and "Go home", and then October is here again. There is no royal errand. I want to rest and have no leisure. Full of sorrow and pain, afraid not to go home from now on.
what flowers are in full bloom? Tangdi flowers bloom in layers. What car is tall and big? General rides in a tall chariot. Driving a chariot to battle, four strong horses galloped together. How dare you live in peace on the border? How many times do you have to win in January!
ride four big male horses, which are tall and big. The general leans on the car, and the soldiers rely on it for cover. Four horses are neat, and fish skin quiver is carved with bows. There is not a day when you are not on guard, and the military situation is urgent!
I recall that when I went out to war, Yangliuyiyi blew with the wind; Now on the way back, heavy snow is flying all over the sky. The road is muddy and difficult to walk, and it is really tiring to be thirsty and hungry. Full of sadness, full of sadness. Who knows my sorrow!
The Book of Songs Picking Wei (Excerpt)
In the past, I was gone, and the willows were reluctant;
Today, I think it's raining
(translation)
When I first went out to war, Yang Liu Yiyi blew with the wind;
now, on the way back, heavy snow is flying all over the sky.
(Notes)
Past: Point out the sign time.
yiyi: lush appearance. Say, attachment appearance.
thinking: the final auxiliary word.
Feifei: Snow looks great.
Appreciation 1:
This is a famous sentence in the Book of Songs, which, like a painting, expresses the feelings of a traveler who is away from home to the fullest. It was spring when I went out, poplar and willow fluttered, and it was already rainy and snowy winter when I came back. At this time of the year, what he has experienced is self-evident.
Appreciation 2:
Picking Wei is one of the Book of Songs Xiaoya. Annotators in past dynasties have different opinions about its writing age. However, according to its content and other historical records, it is more likely that the works of the Zhou Xuanwang era will be revised. The stubborn people in the north of Zhou Dynasty (later Xiongnu) were very strong and often invaded the Central Plains, which brought many disasters to the people's lives in the north at that time. In history, there are many records of the Zhou emperor sending troops to guard the border and ordering his soldiers to send troops to defeat him. Judging from the content of "Picking Wei", it is a time for soldiers to defend their duties and work hard. The poem sings the hard life and homesickness of the soldiers who joined the army.
The whole poem is divided into three chapters, the first three of which are stacked, in order to pick up Wei and write about Wei's softness and rigidity, while the garrison sergeant is far away from his hometown and has not returned for a long time, so he is homesick and worried! The author wrote: Shan Wei, you have sprouted and been born. It's time for us to go home! But it's another year in a blink of an eye, and we can't take care of our families. Why? For the sake of the invasion, we didn't even have time to sit for a while, but also for the sake of the invasion. We need to attack! It's time to pick Wei again. Wei Ye has grown up and the leaves are tender. It's time to go home! The sadness in my heart is so fierce that I am rushing about for the war, and our garrison period is uncertain. Who can bring home a letter for us? Shanwei has grown strong and vigorous, so it's time to go home! It's already spring in October! But the king's business is not over, and there is no way.