Ouyang Xiu (1007 ~ 1072), a native of Mianzhou (now Mianyang, Sichuan), was a writer, politician and historian in the Northern Song Dynasty. Su Xun and Su Zhe were called Su San, Ouyang Xiu, Wang Anshi and Ceng Gong (who had worshipped Ouyang Xiu as a teacher). Because there is a thousands of books, a volume of epigraphy, a piano, a game of chess, a pot of wine and an old man at home, it is called "June 1st". They call themselves "drunkards" because he "drinks less and needs to get drunk", which means that he gets drunk easily and highlights an "alcoholic". So I got the word "Weng". Posthumous title Wenzhong, commonly known as Ouyang Wenzhong and Jizhou Yongfeng (now Jiangxi Yongfeng), together with Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Ceng Gong, Wang Anshi, Su Xun, Su Shi and Su Zhe in the Tang Dynasty, are called the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". Injong, tired of knowing the imperial edict, tired of Hanlin bachelor. Yingzong, the official to the secretary of the Council, and political affairs; Zongshen dynasty, moved to the ministry of war history, with Prince Shao Shi as the official, and died as Wenzhong. He advocated innovation in politics and literature. He was not only a supporter of Fan Zhongyan's Qingli New Deal, but also a leader of the poetry innovation movement in the Northern Song Dynasty. He is also happy to be rewarded and punished. Su Shi's father and son, Ceng Gong and Wang Anshi are all from his family. His creative achievements are also brilliant. Poetry, ci and prose are the best of his time. His prose is fluent in reasoning. Poetry style is similar to prose, emphasizing momentum, smooth and natural; His poems are profound, graceful and graceful, and inherit the legacy of the Southern Tang Dynasty. He and Song Qi jointly compiled the Book of the New Tang Dynasty and wrote the History of the New Five Dynasties alone. He also likes to collect epigraphy and compiled the Collection of Ancient Records, including Ouyang Wenzhong's official document, the poem Walking on the Rocks and the famous Preface to Drunk Pavilion. After his death, Ouyang Xiu was buried in Liu Yitang, the name of Xinzheng (now Xinzheng, Henan) in Kaifeng. Ouyang Xiu wrote a lot in his life and made great achievements. Besides literature, he also studied The Book of Songs, The Book of Changes and The Spring and Autumn Annals by studying Confucian classics. He was able to stick to what his predecessors said and had unique opinions. As a pioneering work, epigraphy has compiled thousands of epigraphy artifacts and inscriptions from Zhou Dynasty to Sui and Tang Dynasties, and written more than 400 articles in ten volumes, referred to as "Collection of Ancient Records", which is the earliest extant epigraphy work. You Wei has made great achievements in historiography. In addition to revising 250 volumes of the Book of the New Tang Dynasty, he also wrote the History of the Five Dynasties (the New History of the Five Dynasties), summarizing the historical experience of the Five Dynasties as a warning. This article is selected from Selected Essays of Ouyang Xiu (Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1997 edition). Su Jiao Edition, selected from Wen Zhong Ji. Jilin Special Issue, selected from The Complete Works of Ouyang Xiu Center: Five Years Celebration in Song Renzong (1045). Fan Zhongyan and others were dismissed for participating in politics, and Ouyang Xiu defended them and was demoted to Chuzhou for two years. After taking office, he was depressed, but he was able to play the style of "lenient and simple without disturbing" and achieved some results. Drunk pavilion. The author especially likes to enjoy the feast in the mountains. The word "le" runs through the whole text and contains complicated and tortuous contents. One implies that a feudal local governor can "have fun with the people", while the other hides unspeakable difficulties behind his sentimental scenery. In his prime of life in his forties, he claimed to be a drunkard and traveled a lot. Coupled with his "drinking less and getting drunk more" and "being unhappy", it shows that Ouyang Xiu used the joy of mountains and rivers to banish the suffering of exile. Background: The Preface to Drunk Pavilion was written in Li Qing, Song Renzong for six years (A.D. 1046). At that time, Ouyang Xiu was appointed as the magistrate of Chuzhou. Ouyang Xiu came to Chuzhou after Li Qing was demoted in five years. Before his demotion, he served as Taichang Cheng Zhi Jian Yuan, You Yan Zheng Zhi Gu, and Hebei Governor. The reason for his demotion is that he always supported Han Qi, Fan Zhongyan, Fu Bi and others to participate in the Northern Song Dynasty's reform movement, but opposed the conservative Lv Yijian and Xia Song. Han Fan and others were in Li Qing as early as January of five years. Ouyang Xiu was accused of a relative's crime and was dismissed and demoted to Chuzhou. Ouyang Xiu practiced lenient policies and developed production in Chuzhou, so that the local people lived a peaceful and stable life, with more than one year, and the scenery was intoxicating, which made Ouyang Xiu feel extremely happy. But at that time, the whole Northern Song Dynasty was dark, treacherous and powerful, and some people were interested in reform. Seeing that the country's accumulated disadvantages cannot be eliminated, the scene of decline is increasing day by day, which makes him feel heavy anxiety and pain. This is his mood when he wrote the preface to the drunken pavilion, with sadness and joy. These two aspects are mixed in his works.
2. The literary knowledge of Zuiwengting
1. The author of Zuiweng Pavilion is Ouyang Xiu, whose real name is Yongshu, whose name is Zuiweng Pavilion, and in his later years, whose name is Liu Yiju, posthumous title Wenzhong, was born in Yongfeng, Jizhou (now Jiangxi) and was a famous writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. One of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". Poetry and prose are all good, and prose is the highest achievement.
The first paragraph explains the geographical location, owner and naming reason of Zuiweng Pavilion, describes the author's love for mountains and rivers, and leads to the word "music", pointing out that "Zuiweng cares about mountains and rivers for his sake";
The scenery around the drunken pavilion in the second quarter is the joy of enjoying natural scenery;
The third paragraph is the joy of people traveling in the mountains and the joy of satrap banquet;
The fourth paragraph, feel what you see and hear when you come back drunk, and express your feelings-the joy of satrap lies in having fun with the people.
2. Central idea: The word "music" runs through the whole text. Through the description of the beautiful scenery of Chuzhou, it shows the author's thought of caring for mountains and rivers, and uses "music" to dispel the pain of being demoted and the thought of having fun for the people.
3. Writing characteristics
(1) loves mountains and rivers, and integrates scenery writing, discussion and lyricism.
(2) From the outside to the inside, from far to near, the use of antithesis, repetition and judgment makes the article sing in unison, full of rhythm and rhythmic beauty.
(3) Landscape writers grasp the characteristics and keep their words concise.
Third, the main points
1, the four situations of visiting Langya Mountain can be summarized in turn as follows: Chu people travel, Taishou banquet, many guests are happy, and Taishou is drunk.
2. "Too drunk" is not caused by wine, but by the beauty of nature and the people's peace and prosperity.
3. The sentence that the author named himself "Drunken Weng" in the article is "Taishou and his guests come here to drink, and they are drunk with less, but the year is the highest"; The following sentence echoed with it is "pale white hair, and those who are in it are too drunk."
3. Su Shi's literary knowledge
Su Shi (1037-1101) was a writer and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty.
The word Zizhan, also known as He Zhong, is called Dongpo lay man. Han nationality, Meishan, Meizhou (now Sichuan).
Together with their father Su Xun and brother Su Zhe, they are called Su San. He is an all-rounder in literature and art.
His writing style, Wang Yang, is unrestrained and fluent, and he is also called Ou Su with Ouyang Xiu, one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. His poems are fresh and vigorous, and he is good at using exaggerated metaphors. He has a unique style in artistic expression, and is called Su Huang with Huang Tingjian. Bold ci school has a great influence on later generations, and it is called Su Xin with Xin Qiji; Calligraphy is good at running script and regular script, and it can be innovative. Writing with a pen is ups and downs, full of childlike interest. And Huang Tingjian, Mi Fei and Cai Xiang are also called Song Sijia. Painting, like literature, I like to be a strange stone. On painting, I advocate similarity. Poems include "Seven Chapters of Dongpo" and "Dongpo Yuefu".