1 Expression Skills of Ancient Chinese Poetry in Senior High School
Appreciation rhetoric
Metaphor, comparison, analogy, duality, metonymy, exaggeration, intertextuality, pun, rhetorical question, rhetorical question, repetition, irony, quotation.
Analogy: write things as adults, people as things, or things as things with rich imagination.
Function: It can stimulate readers' imagination and make the article more vivid.
Compare what to what, write what vividly and express the author's feelings.
Analogy can be divided into personification and imitation.
(1) personification:
Write things as people, endow things with human actions, behaviors, thoughts, languages, feelings and activities, and describe things with words that describe people.
Function: write animals, birds, insects, flowers, trees or other inanimate things into adults, so that specific things are personalized and the language is vivid.
Give something life, write something vividly and express the author's feelings.
(2) Quasi-things (borrowing things to describe people):
Compare people to crops, or write this thing into another thing.
② Write things A as things B. ..
paired
A pair of phrases or sentences with equal words, the same or basically the same structural form and symmetrical meaning, expressing two opposite or similar meanings.
Function: neat and symmetrical, strong sense of rhythm, high generality, easy to remember and beautiful in music.
2 appreciation skills of Chinese poetry in senior high school
First, master the commonly used questioning methods:
1. Please analyze what expressive techniques (expressive techniques, writing techniques) are used in this poem or a vehicle?
2. What are the expression skills?
In poetry appreciation, expression skills (expression skills and writing skills) generally refer to the skills used by the author in the writing process.
Second, it can be roughly divided into:
1, rhetorical devices: metaphor, personification, exaggeration, metonymy, pun, duality, etc.
2. Describe the technology:
(1), described by angle: movement, point, reality, pitch, distance, taste, smell, hearing, touch, vision, etc.
(2) Common specific techniques: contrast, setting off, drawing lines, describing details, arranging, etc.
3. Lyrical techniques: borrowing scenery to express feelings, borrowing ancient times to satirize the present, holding things to express aspirations, borrowing classics to express feelings directly.
4. Intentional techniques: seeing the big with the small, showing the ambition with the dead, suppressing and so on.
Third, the standard answer:
1, pointing out the skills.
2. Explain how the author uses this technique in combination with the text.
3. Point out the effect of this skill.
3 college entrance examination Chinese poetry appreciation skills
Refine the theme of poetry
Theme is the soul of poetry, and we must grasp the theme of poetry when reading poetry. Poems of different times, writers and themes have different themes. Usually, we can see the theme of poetry from the eyes of poetry or words. The so-called eyes of poetry or words are the words or key sentences that make the finishing point in poetry.
What are the common themes of poetry? What kind of life feelings will the poet express?
1. Perception theme
(1) wrote lyric poems about scenery, sang lyric poems about scenic spots and described natural scenery. Some ancient poets, dissatisfied with reality, often attached their feelings to mountains and rivers and expressed their thoughts and feelings by depicting rivers and lakes and natural scenery. This kind of poetry often contains the feelings to be expressed in the scenery described, which is what people often say. Its style is fresh and natural.
(2) Poetry is expressed by chanting things, and the poet describes the shape, characteristics, charm and quality of the things sung, so as to entrust the poet with his own feelings and express his spirit, quality or ideal.
(3) nostalgia for poetry, which is caused by one thing, such as homesickness, homesickness and friends.
(4) Recalling the past and reciting epic poems, taking historical allusions as the theme, or expressing one's opinions, or satirizing the present through the past, or expressing vicissitudes of life.
(5) Poems describing frontier battles, describing frontier scenery and the military life of soldiers guarding the frontier, expressing optimism and heroism or homesickness, with tragic style and bold brushwork.
Refine the theme
The ideological content of poetry generally includes farewell, nostalgia, leisure and tranquility, good water in Leshan, feeling sad at the time, mourning for the present, worrying about the country and the people, expressing feelings, lamenting and satirizing. Poets' feelings generally include farewell, homesickness, friendship, homesickness, satire, reporting national conditions, hurting world feelings and so on.
(1) Worrying about the country and hurting the country
Expose the ignorance and corruption of rulers. For example, "a strong business woman doesn't know how to hate her country, but still sings backyard flowers across the river."
Reflect that the people are suffering from chaos. For example, "although the country is divided, the mountains and rivers last forever, and the vegetation turns green in spring." Sad state, can not help but burst into tears, amazing birds, leaving sorrow and hate. The war lasted for more than half a year, and letters from home were rare, with a hundred thousand gold. I stroke my white hair. It has become so thin that it can no longer hold hairpins. "
Sympathize with the people's suffering. Such as "Xing, the people suffer; People suffer when they die. "
(2) Contribute to the country
Express the desire to make contributions and heroism, as well as the determination to defend the country. For example, "the trip to the sun and the moon, if out of its territory, the stars are brilliant, if out of its territory."
Express the sorrow of not being able to serve the country and the pain of the decline of mountains and rivers. Such as: "poor white hair is born!"
Express the sadness that time has passed, ambition is hard to pay, talent is not met, and ideal is unknown. For example, "affectionate Ying Xiao Wo, early birth and prosperity" (Su Shi's "Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia")
4 college entrance examination Chinese ancient poetry reading problem-solving skills
First, the test method of skill-based questions
(1) What means of expression (skill) is used in this poem (two poems or two sentences)? And make a brief analysis. ② Appreciate this poem from a certain angle (such as motion and stillness, emotion and scenery, rhetoric, etc.). ).
Second, problem-solving skills
Expression skill is a means used by poets to express their feelings and themes. To answer accurately, you should be familiar with some common expressions of ancient poetry. ① Rhetorical devices: metaphor, antithesis, exaggeration, contrast, personification, pun, etc. 2 Description techniques: A. Setting off techniques can be divided into positive contrast and negative contrast, and negative contrast includes dynamic contrast, silent contrast, happy and sad contrast, etc. B. introduction; C. combination of reality and reality; D. symbolism, etc. (3) Lyric techniques: direct lyric and indirect lyric. There are three kinds of indirect lyric: borrowing scenery to express feelings, expressing ideas with things and expressing thoughts with things.
Third, the secret of solving problems
(1) Accurately point out what expression technique is used; (2) Why use this technique in combination with poetry analysis; (3) How does this technique express the poet's feelings or will?
Four, commonly used terms:
This poem adopts the technique of (expression, rhetoric, expression), writes out the characteristics of (image), shows (highlights) (certain) thoughts and feelings, and plays a (certain) role.
The forms of expression are: narration, description, lyricism and discussion. (description)
Rhetorical devices include metaphor, analogy, exaggeration, duality, parallelism, repetition, contrast and allusions.
The expression techniques are: symbol, imagination, association, care, lyric by scenery, lyric by scenery, lyric by objects, etc.
Thoughts and feelings are: melancholy, loneliness, sadness, loneliness and boredom; Dull, leisurely and happy; Admiration, resentment, adherence to moral integrity, concern for the country and the people, etc.
Function: deepening artistic conception, deepening theme, profound artistic conception, beautiful artistic conception, meaningful, intriguing and far-reaching influence, etc.