What are the names of the first and twenty-four solar terms
Beginning of spring, Rain, Creeping, Vernal Equinox, Qingming, Grain Rain, Changxia, Xiaoman, Mangzhong, Summer Solstice, Xiaoshu, Dashu, beginning of autumn, Chushu, Bailu, Autumnal Equinox, Cold Dew, Chufrost, beginning of winter, Light Snow, Heavy Snow, Winter Solstice, Slight Cold and Severe Cold. Each solar term is about half a month apart and divided into twelve months. The beginning of the month is called the solar term, and the middle of the month is called "Zhongqi". The so-called "qi" refers to meteorology and climate.
It can be seen from the naming of the twenty-four solar terms that the division of solar terms fully considers the changes of natural phenomena such as seasons, climate and phenology. Among them, beginning of spring, Changxia, beginning of autumn, beginning of winter, vernal equinox, autumnal equinox, summer solstice and winter solstice are used to reflect seasons, and a year is divided into four seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter.
The vernal equinox, autumnal equinox, summer solstice and winter solstice are divided from an astronomical point of view, reflecting the turning point of solar height change. Beginning of spring, Changchun, beginning of autumn and beginning of winter reflect the beginning of the four seasons.
Because China is a vast country with a very obvious monsoon and continental climate, the weather and climate vary greatly from place to place, so the four seasons in different regions are also very different.
Second, solar terms and customs
Twenty-four solar terms scientifically reveal the laws of astronomical and meteorological changes, skillfully combine astronomy, natural rhythm and folk customs, and derive a large number of related seasonal cultures, which have become an important part of China traditional culture. In order to express the characteristics of time series more accurately, the ancients divided solar terms into four groups according to climate and phenology: divided, arrived, opened and closed.
"Fen" means vernal equinox and autumnal equinox, which was called "dichotomy" in ancient times; "Solstice" is the summer solstice and the winter solstice, which was called "the second solstice" in ancient times.
"Open" is beginning of spring and Changxia, "closed" is beginning of autumn and beginning of winter. Beginning of spring, Changxia, beginning of autumn and beginning of winter are collectively called "four calendars" and add up to * * * as "eight festivals". Folk call it "four seasons and eight festivals" or "eight festivals a year" In the long farming society, the 24 solar terms have played an important guiding role in farming activities and have rich cultural connotations.