During the "May 4th" period, the poem that best reflected the spirit of the times during the "May 4th" movement was Guo Moruo's "Goddess".
In terms of poetry form, it broke through the shackles of old styles and created a vigorous and unrestrained free verse style, which opened up a new world for the development of free verse after the "May Fourth Movement" and became the foundation of new Chinese poetry. work.
"Goddess" is a typical embodiment of the "May Fourth Movement" Sturm und Drang spirit. Its ideological content focuses on the following three aspects:
1. Personal liberation and the strong desire to strive for a perfect personality Requirements
In literature, it is required to promote oneself, respect individuality, and take self-inner expression as the basis. The call for individual liberation is expressed through the discovery of "self" and the affirmation of self-worth.
For example: The powerful image of "Tengu" in "Tengu", which breaks through all snares and destroys all old things, is the extreme exaggeration of the poetry that required the liberation of personality in that era.
The self-image in "Bathing in the Sea" is also the catharsis of poetry that realizes the liberation of one's own personality. This requirement for individual liberation not only focuses on the individual itself. The poet regards individual liberation as the prerequisite for the liberation of society, nation, and country, integrating them into one.
In "Earth, My Mother", it can be seen that his demand for individual liberation shows the consistency of the interests of the working people.
2. Singing of resistance, rebellion and creative spirit
Resistance and rebellion are reflected in:
When "Goddess" was born, the whole of China was a dark country The cage inspired the poet's rebellious and rebellious spirit.
For example: "Phoenix Nirvana" embodies the destruction of the old self and the joy of rebirth. The phoenixes in the poem sing before they immolate themselves, giving a very real and painful description of the decaying old world. Phoenix's self-immolation is an act of resistance that completely breaks away from the old world. It is a strong explosion and burning of the rebellious spirit.
In "I am an Idol worshipper", the poet confesses his worship of all things that symbolize life in nature and society, to deny all man-made idols and all old traditions that stifle vitality, and to show his extreme contempt for feudal authority. .
"Ode to the Gangster" praises Lenin, Russell, Nietzsche and others, expressing his firm will to follow in their footsteps and stand up to resist.
The creative spirit is reflected in:
1. In "Standing on the Edge of the Earth and Broadcasting Numbers", it is believed that continuous destruction and continuous creation are the laws for the development of all things.
2. Praise for the scientific civilization of the 20th century, such as "Looking forward to the top of the mountain".
3. In singing about the magical power of nature, the nature described by the poet is fully humanized. Such as "Good Morning" and "Sea of ??Light".
3. Expression of patriotic sentiments
From the images of the young girl in "Coal in the Furnace" in "The Goddess" and the reborn phoenix in "Phoenix Nirvana", it is not difficult to see that the poet Deep nostalgia and infinite love for the motherland.
Briefly describe the basic tendency and creative features of Guo Moruo's novels:
1. The basic tendency of Guo Moruo's novels is strong patriotism and the rebellious spirit of boldly resisting the old world.
2. The creative characteristic is emotionalism, which belongs to the category of romanticism and is influenced by modernism. For example, "The Last Spring" is the earliest work to use the stream of consciousness technique in the "May Fourth" new literature.
3. Historical novels occupy a special position in Guo Moruo's novel creation. They help readers understand the difference between good and evil, and the principles of prosperity and failure.
Information expansion:
The May 4th Movement was a movement that took place in Beijing on May 4, 1919. It was mainly young students and the general public, citizens, business people and other classes* The patriotic movement, which was carried out through various forms such as demonstrations, petitions, strikes, and violent confrontations with the government, was a thoroughgoing patriotic movement of the Chinese people against imperialism and feudalism, also known as the "May Fourth Thunder".
The reason is that during the First World War, the European powers had no time to look east, and Japan took the opportunity to step up its aggression against China, seriously damaging China's sovereignty. Anti-Japanese sentiment among the Chinese people is growing day by day. In January 1919, the victorious powers such as Britain, the United States, France, Japan, and Italy held a peace conference with Germany in Paris and decided that Japan would inherit Germany's privileges in Shandong, China.
China was one of the victorious countries that participated in the declaration of war against Germany, but the Beiyang warlord government was prepared to accept this decision. The failure of Chinese diplomacy at this peace conference triggered the great May Fourth Movement.
In just two months, from the celebration of "Justice over Power" in November 1918 to the Paris Conference in January of the following year, China at that time fully demonstrated the principle of "a weak country has no diplomacy since ancient times". The law, the so-called "justice triumphs over might" is just a beautiful fairy tale.
Faced with such a humiliating situation, students in Beijing went on strike starting on May 4 and organized speeches and propaganda. Subsequently, students and workers in Tianjin, Hainan, Guangzhou, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Wuhan, and Jinan Be supportive too.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, May 4 was officially designated as Youth Day by the Government Affairs Council of the Central People's Government. On April 30, 2019, a meeting to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the May 4th Movement was held in the Great Hall of the People.
In the late Qing Dynasty, especially after the Sino-Japanese War, innovative ideas were introduced into China in large numbers and influenced the younger generation. In the early years of the Republic of China, this influence was accompanied by the "Youth Magazine" founded by Chen Duxiu (later renamed "Youth Magazine"). The development of publications such as "New Youth" and the promotion of the vernacular movement, ideas of freedom and resistance to traditional authority, have influenced students and ordinary citizens.
The New Culture Movement held high the banner of democracy and science, inspired and influenced the patriotic enthusiasm of Chinese people, especially Chinese youth, from the ideological and cultural fields, and fundamentally laid the ideological foundation for the emergence of the May Fourth Movement. Base.
The development of social organizations in the Republic of China, including the Young China Society, the Industrial Society, the Xinmin Society, the New Trend Society, the Civilian Education Lecture Group, the Work-Study Mutual Aid Group, etc., laid the foundation for the May 4th Movement across the country. Base.