Appreciation includes three aspects: 1. Appreciate its image; 2. Appreciate its language; 3. Appreciate its expressive skills. Evaluation is to analyze the ideological (emotional) content of poetry.
Whether it is appreciation or evaluation, it is essentially a test of candidates' imagination of poetry. What aspects do candidates imagine, how to imagine, how to combine the poem itself, what the proposer asks and thinks, and write it out as required, which is the key to answering questions.
Looking at the college entrance examination questions in recent years, the answer format of "Appreciation of Ancient Poetry" can be roughly summarized as: 1. Photo: Identity+Personality Example 1. Read the following words and then answer the questions. With a little crimson lips, Li Qingzhao's swing, got up and smoothed her hands.
Beside her, the thin Germany hung with crystal dew, and the sweat on her chest permeated with the thin silk robe. Seeing the guests coming, the socks slipped.
And ashamed to go. Looking back at the door, Wen Qingmei.
What kind of artistic image did the poet create in his ci? [Brief analysis] The first film is about identity and character demeanor, and it also sets off the charming characteristics of the characters. The next film is about personality, which vividly depicts a girl's psychological activities of surprise, fear, shyness, curiosity and admiration.
In our hearts, we have established an innocent, pure, emotional and somewhat reserved girl image. Second, the image meaning of poetry: surface meaning+deep meaning (that is, explaining poetry) Example 2. Read the following Tang poem, then answer this question.
Li Chen, a waterfall, works tirelessly for thousands of rocks and valleys. Only when he looks far away can he know that the source is high. Can the stream stay? After all, the sea is a wave.
On the image of "waterfall" in poetry. [Analysis] The trickle painstakingly gathered into a spectacular waterfall, then declined the retention of the stream and moved on, determined to turn into a turbulent wave.
This "waterfall" is the embodiment that ambitious people are not afraid of difficulties and will never give up until they reach their goals. (deep meaning) 3. Expressed feelings: what content+expressed feelings (hosting/revealing/expressing) 3. Read the following poem and then answer this question.
Thrushcross Ouyang Xiu moves at will, and the flowers are red and purple. Only then did I understand that listening to the cry of the thrush locked in a golden cage is far less than singing leisurely in the forest.
What kind of thoughts and feelings did you realize from the poem? By comparing the different situations of Birds in the Woods and Birds in Cages, this paper expresses warm praise for freedom, as well as hatred and denial of the spirit that binds personality, imprisons thoughts and stifles people. Experiencing artistic conception: what artistic conception is combined with objective image+subjective feeling? Read the following poem and then answer this question.
Zhu has been awake for a long time in the autumn night, and the autumn air is clear, and the candle flowers are frequently cut for the night. The bed is cold and full of phoenix trees, and the moon is bright where phoenix trees are missing.
There is no word "love" in this poem, but it contains "love" everywhere. Please find a sentence that best reflects the poet's feelings from three or four sentences, and briefly analyze how the poet created artistic conception in these two poems on the basis of the overall understanding of the whole poem.
[analysis] "cool". The word "cool" not only describes the cool weather, but also describes the loneliness (or cold heart) of the mood.
From the moon on the bed to the moon in the sky, the transition is ingenious; Sorrow, cold bed, moonlight shadow and phoenix tree all create the artistic conception of loneliness (leaving sorrow and not complaining). (Answer the word "lack", which makes sense. )
Taste keywords: meaning+technique+expressive function (sentence meaning+text meaning+theme emotion) Example 5. Read the following Song lyrics and then answer this question. Yulouchun, Song Qi Dongcheng gradually found the scenery beautiful, and welcomed guests with wrinkles.
Poplar smoke is lighter than Han Xiao, and the branches of red apricots are full of spring. Floating growth hates less pleasure, but is willing to love a daughter and smile.
Drink for you to persuade the sunset, and leave a photo among the flowers all night. Do you think the word "noisy" in "Red Apricot Branches in Spring" is well written? Why? [Analysis] This question examines the understanding and interpretation of the wonderful use of ancient Chinese characters.
The word "noisy" used by the author not only makes people feel that apricot flowers are blooming enthusiastically, but also reminds people that bees and butterflies are dancing among the flowers, and spring birds are singing harmoniously, vividly showing a scene full of spring and vitality. Appreciation of rhetorical methods: revealing technique+analyzing expression function (sentence meaning+text meaning+theme emotion) Example 6. Read the following Tang poem, then answer this question.
(1) Li Bai used to play in the Phoenix here, so this place was named them, and now he has given it up to this desolate river. Martial arts flowers were laid on deserted paths, and the number of relatives and friends in the Jin Dynasty has become a famine.
The mountains are shrouded in clouds, such as blue sky, and the river is divided into two. There is always a traitor in power, like covering the sky, and Chang' an is depressed when he can't see it.
[Note] ① This poem was written in Tianbao period, and the author was pushed out of Chang 'an and went south to Jinling. Analyze the rhetorical effect and the thoughts and feelings expressed by the tail couplet.
[Brief Analysis] Sun is an emperor, while floating clouds are a villain. The use of figures of speech implicitly expresses the author's thoughts and feelings. It expressed the pain that the emperor was blinded by evil eyes and could not serve the country, and expressed his feelings of worrying about the country and the people.
7. Appreciate expression: how to say (describe)+what to say (describe)+what to express. 7. Read the following Tang poem and then answer this question. Du Fu's moon is only a few feet away, and lanterns shine at night.
The heron in the sand head is silent, and the fish in the stern are screaming. Appreciate the beautiful scenery described in this poem.
[Analysis] The poem begins with the shadow of the moon in the water, vividly describing the egret curling up on the beach illuminated by the moonlight cage and staying quietly. The big fish at the stern jumped out of the water and made a stinging sound, which constituted the quiet beauty of the moonlit night on the river. Appreciation of expressive technique: technique+expressive function (sentence meaning+text meaning+theme emotion) Example 8. Read the following Tang poem, then answer this question.
Spring outing impromptu Li Hua Yiyang City is full of grass and streams flowing east and west. Fragrant trees have no flowers, and birds are singing all the way to the spring mountain.
(1) What rhetorical devices are used in the third and fourth sentences of this poem? Please specify. (2) When it comes to poetry creation, the ancients once said: "Poetry is not only sentimental but also beautiful."
Please appreciate this poem from the perspectives of "scenery" and "emotion". [Analysis] (1) Rhetorical method: duality.
"Fragrant tree" is against "spring mountain", "flower" is against "bird" and "falling" is against "empty crying". (2) This poem describes what the author saw and heard during his "spring outing": there are grass and water, trees and mountains, flowers and birds, which can be described as a scene, and each painting has its own characteristics.
However, poetry is not purely about scenery, but full of feelings and scenes. The scenery of "flowers falling into the sky" and "birds singing in the air" in the poem shows the tranquility in the mountains and is more transparent.
2. NMET 1 How to review reading comprehension of ancient Chinese? Understand the common sense of writers' works, because in the college entrance examination, some classical Chinese knowledge is actually related to what we have learned in our previous textbooks.
This is very important .. 2. Consult reference books. Reading classical Chinese will not make progress without consulting reference books. 3. Combine written notes with Chinese reference books to understand the common sense of writers' works. 4. Combine preview tips or self-reading tips to understand as a whole.
Usually, there will be some tips or notes under the reading of a classical Chinese. Don't underestimate those, they are sometimes useful when you do them. Anyway.
If you want to do this section well in the college entrance examination, usual accumulation and recitation are essential! Recite more at ordinary times, and your reading ability of classical Chinese will certainly improve.
3. What are the answering skills for reading classical Chinese in the college entrance examination? There is no fixed pattern for reading classical Chinese in college entrance examination, so you can only read more and practice more.
1, understand the content of the article (multiple choice questions), as long as you can read the text, understand the text content and writing techniques, you can answer. 2. Common sense of ancient culture (multiple-choice questions) can only be answered by mastering the names and characters, year number, temple number, posthumous title, official name, official name, official fate and customs.
3. Sentences (multiple choice questions), as long as you can analyze the sentence components, this question is not a problem. 4. In sentence translation, it is necessary to identify determiners in sentences, such as flexible use of parts of speech, causative (intentional) usage, interchangeable words, partial compounds, synonymous compounds, special sentence patterns and function words in classical Chinese.
At the same time, we should pay attention to the same words as modern Chinese, which is the most prone to mistakes in classical Chinese translation.
4. The central idea of the answer formula for Chinese reading comprehension in NMET: This paper describes. . Expounded the author. . Point of view, express the author. Thoughts and feelings.
Rhetoric method: XX rhetoric, write out the functions of various rhetoric, and the teacher will speak.
The role of environment, psychology and detail description: 1) Character description: reveal the identity, situation and social environment of the character, and vividly express the inner world and personality characteristics of the character.
2) Action description: Show the mental outlook of the character and directly reflect the character. It plays an important role in character description. )
3) Language description: express characters' feelings, reflect characters' personality characteristics, and reflect the characteristics of characters' times.
4) Psychological description: it is the psychological activity of the characters in a specific environment. Reveal the character's heart and portray the character.
5) Environmental description
A. Description of natural environment: rendering ... atmosphere; Set off the emotions of the characters; Point out the season and place; Express the relationship between characters; Express the character; Promote the development of the plot.
B description of social environment: in a narrow sense, social environment refers to place, background, atmosphere, etc. A place where people are active; In a broad sense, it refers to the sum of social life and interpersonal relationships in a certain historical period. Function: explain the social background of the story; Predict the fate of characters; It reveals all kinds of complicated social relations, such as identity, status, historical background of growth and so on. The natural environment includes place, time, season, climate, scenery and so on. Promote the development of the plot.
6) Detail description: grasp the subtle and specific typical plots in life and describe them vividly and meticulously. The function is to enrich the characters' images, so that the characters' descriptions have flesh and blood and soul. Writing about a person is like seeing that person, and writing about a scene is like being there.
5. Analysis of the reading questions of the Chinese test paper in the college entrance examination 09. I read the following text and completed the 14~ 17 question (22 points). Shortly after leaving the city from Korla, the car left the national highway and entered the oil highway.
The newly-built oil highway, like a black arrow, shoots straight ahead. At present, it is the vast Gobi desert, the Taklimakan desert with long yellow sand, and the world-famous first gas well for west-to-east gas transmission.
The car is driving at full speed on the Gobi. In our field of vision, far from the horizon, there are bare domes and looming clouds.
The empty Gobi, like a chessboard, occasionally sees a group of two-wheeled grass trees, like a deliberately placed chess game. Survival and death, here is a hard game of fate.
When we came here, it was already late autumn, and it was gray everywhere. Along the highway, we headed for Tazhong Oilfield.
This road will split the Taklimakan desert and go straight to the center of Tarim Basin. There, it will be another landscape, another picture, another color.
Tarim River is a river with scattered banks. In summer, the turbulent river becomes calm and thin. On both sides of the river, there are dense Populus euphratica forests.
Most of these trees have lost their yellow leaves, showing strength and desolation. As the car drove forward, the dense forest gradually became sparse.
At the foot of the tree, there is a thin and thick layer of yellow sand. Independent trees, some like stone carving, some like copper casting; Although they may have died, year after year, the wind and sand blew off the branches and peeled off the bark, but the stump still stood upright, like a group of tenacious dancers, stubbornly pouring out their will and beliefs to the sky and the earth.
I like these trees and regard them as spiritual examples that God shows to mankind. Like me, oil workers like Hu Yangshu. In order to protect 26 Hu Yangshu trees, they moved wells seven times, which cost 2 million yuan more.
Gradually drifting away, the Tarim River water obviously can't feed these plants, and the tall sand dunes in Taklimakan have become more and more densely crowded on both sides of the road. However, this desert highway is wide and flat, which is not inferior to any highway I have seen in the mainland.
Straight roads rise and fall with the ups and downs of sand dunes. The surface temperature can reach 60℃-70℃ in summer.
You can imagine how hot, dry and desert winds will torture the flesh and blood of workers; But you can't imagine what kind of wisdom they used to fix the quicksand and tamp the roadbed, making this road grow like it was born in the desert. Over several sand hills, I saw a silver-gray oil tank tower towering into the sky, and a huge arc-shaped silver-gray pipeline passed between the towers; There are also some magnificent buildings that stand shoulder to shoulder with these oil towers and pipelines.
In the sunshine, silver, gold and brown, and all kinds of light from buildings, people suddenly got rid of the drowsiness and fatigue of long-distance running. Tazhong oilfield has arrived.
Looking up at those buildings, at that moment, my mind suddenly flashed the surprise and joy of seeing the scenery in the Western Heaven after many twists and turns. Knowing that everything is true, you sometimes have to ask yourself: Is this an illusion? Among all these colors, the most dazzling is the red of the tooling on the oil workers.
That's an awesome color. Red hat, red skirt, red trousers, just like sunrise and spring flowers.
More like a flag flying in the Republic of China. Shining on this desert.
In the oil field, I saw the most conspicuous and imposing two sentences: "There is only a desolate desert, and there is no desolate life." These words are written on walls, carved on stones and embedded in sand dunes.
It is a sound and a portrayal; This is encouragement and commitment. Our destination is Kela No.2 gas well, the starting point of west-to-east gas transmission.
It's completely different from the desert landform. This is the landform of Ya Dan, with serrated teeth and many strange rocks. Without roads, drilling relocation even had to use helicopters.
Oil workers just drill wells, drill natural gas, build roads and lay pipelines in this rocky place. When I put my ear close to the gas pipeline and heard the gasp of natural gas running, I was a little excited at that moment.
They crossed mountains and rivers and reached Shanghai and Beijing thousands of miles away. At that moment, I really want my relatives and friends in Beijing to know that when you gently turn the switch knob of the natural gas stove for lunch, I can hear the crisp and happy voice, and my heart is beating in this distant and close place.
Although it is already late autumn and the vegetation is withered, I have seen the most unforgettable colors in the desert. 14. What are the characteristics of the Gobi Desert described in the first paragraph of the article? Contact the full text and talk about the purpose of the author's writing like this.
(4 points) A: The first question: ① The conditions around the Gobi Desert are bad; (2) The color of Gobi Desert is monotonous; The second question: ① to pave the way for showing the great contribution made by oil workers to the people of the motherland; (2) In sharp contrast to the colorful buildings described below; (3) first suppress and then promote, to stimulate readers' interest. Analysis: (1) The first question screens the integrated information, and the answering strategy: ■ Must have a sense of stylistic characteristics: the essay, topic and argument (sub-argument) are the main information, and the argument and argument are the secondary information; Description text, description object, description content and characteristics (characteristics) of description object are the main information, and the methods and materials used in the description are the secondary information.
■ There is a sense of hierarchy: study the structural relationship between paragraphs or sentences. Take an identical relationship; "Genus" as the relationship of genus; Merge relation takes its "sum"; The primary and secondary relationship (partial positive relationship) takes its "main".
■ Have the overall awareness of the full text: when analyzing and summarizing, we must proceed from the full text and grasp it as a whole in order to be comprehensive and accurate. Language organization methods mainly include: (1) adopting abstract syntax: grasping the central sentence of each paragraph (the central sentence of each paragraph is often the main point) and compressing it; (2) adopt the merging method: when the meanings of each layer are indispensable, the contents of each layer can be merged; (3) Refining: For paragraphs without central sentences, it is necessary to analyze the relationship between sentences, grasp the key points of their contents, and select the main contents; (2) The second question examines the structure of writing ideas, focusing on the combination of content and structural function. The solution suggests that the answer to "intention" can be considered from three aspects: content, to express some meaning; Structurally, it paves the way for caring and promotes the development of writing; In terms of artistic techniques, it is more intense and expressive.
15.(4 points) (1) I like it here.
6. What are the minimum problem-solving skills for Chinese reading comprehension in NMET? 0.27 yuan to open the library members to view the complete content > Original publisher: Excellent Chinese reading comprehension problem-solving skills sharing in primary and secondary school textbooks 1. Problem-solving skills in Chinese reading comprehension-The examination questions are generally based on the written materials on the examination paper, and you need to read them quickly for the first time. First, you should focus on understanding whether the genre of the article is narrative or explanatory.
When answering questions, don't rush to write answers without completely reading the written materials on the test paper. It's best to read the article from beginning to end first, and have an overall understanding and understanding of the article.
Secondly, we should clarify the thinking of the article. Generally speaking, every paragraph and sentence of the article, in the final analysis, is to clarify the center and return to the main idea of the article.
Usually, we should learn to bid for articles, summarize the meaning of each paragraph and summarize the central idea. Summarizing the general idea of a paragraph is often an effective way to solve the problem of reading comprehension.
Some students want to use the "sequential reading method", that is, read the passage first, then read the topic, and then read the passage to find the correct answer. Some students use the "backward reading method", that is, first read the topic (four options are not read), then read the passage and finally find the answer.
I am in favor of "reading backwards", because this reading method is reading with questions, with clear purpose and easy concentration, and can grasp the information closely related to solving problems in time, thus saving reading time. "Reading backwards" is most suitable for superficial understanding of topics (time, place, reasons, etc.). For a deeper understanding of the topic, we should start from the overall content of the essay, summarize and analyze the options provided, and make an accurate judgment.
Second, Chinese reading comprehension problem-solving skills-answer 1, what kind of thoughts and feelings does the article express? This needs to be answered according to the specific content of the article. Common ones are singing, praising, loving, admiring, moving, happy, longing, shock, missing, melancholy, faint sadness, regret, missing relatives at home, or boredom, hatred, pain, shame, guilt, hatred, sadness, grief, regret and so on. Between the lines of the article, we can see the feelings of the general author.