Pingshui rhyme rhyme rules, the relevant content is as follows:
Poetry requires rhyme, no exception in ancient and modern times, China and foreign countries. The difference is the number of restrictions on rhyme. For example, modern poetry has relatively loose requirements for rhyme. And free, the rhyme can be strict or not. But in any case, the requirement for rhyme is the biggest difference between poetry and other types of literary genres.
1. What is "Pingshui Rhyme"? What does it have to do with "Qie Yun" and "Tang Yun"?
Rhyme is used to enhance the musicality and rhythm of the poem. Modern poetry pays great attention to rhyme in order to make the tone harmonious and easy to remember. Poets after the Tang Dynasty usually used official rhyming books.
For example, "Tang Yun", "Guang Yun", "Rhyme of the Ministry of Rites", "Peiwen Poetry Rhyme", "Collection of Poetry Rhyme", "Poetry Rhyme Collection", etc. Among them, the ones compiled by Wang Wenyu and Liu Yuan of the Southern Song Dynasty "Xinkan Yunlue" is the most popular, which is what the world calls "Pingshui Yun".
Pingshui Yun divides Chinese characters into 107 rhyme parts based on the rhyme usage of the Tang Dynasty. Each rhyme part contains several words, which serves as the "golden rule" for the creation of metrical poetry. Rhyme is used when composing rhyme poems and rhyme poems. The rhyme words must come from the same rhyme part and cannot be used incorrectly.
So where did these 107 rhymes come from? In fact, this is the result of standing on the "shoulders" of our predecessors. Lu Fayan's "Qie Yun" in the Sui Dynasty has 206 rhymes, but the distinction is too detailed. Poetry in the Tang Dynasty stipulated that similar rhymes can be used together, so the actual simplified version of "Tang Yun" is 193 rhymes.
Liu Yuan, a native of Pingshui in the Southern Song Dynasty, merged the same rhymes into 107 rhymes when he wrote "Rhymes of Renzi New Issue of the Ministry of Rites". During the same period, Wang Wenyu, an official from Pingshui, Shanxi Province, wrote "Pingshui Xinkan Rhyme Brief", which has 106 rhymes.
Peiwen Yunfu, compiled during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, combined "Pingshui Yun" into 106 rhymes, including fifteen parts of Pingsheng in the upper part, such as Yidong, Erdong, Sanjiang, Sizhi, etc.; There are fifteen parts of sound, such as Yi Xian, Er Xiao, San Yao, Si Hao, etc.
Twenty-nine parts of the ascending tone, such as Yidong, Erzhuang, Sanjiao, Sizhi, etc.; thirty parts of the falling tone, such as Yisong, Ersong, Sanjiang, Sizhi, etc.; Seventeen of the entering tones Parts, such as Yiwu, Erwo, Sanjue, Sizi, etc. This is the "Pingshui Rhyme" that became widely circulated later.
2. The "rhyme rules" of metrical poetry
The most important use case of Pingshui rhyme is in composing rhythmic poetry and quatrains. Rhymed poetry requires two, four, six, and eight lines to rhyme, and quatrains requires two or four lines to rhyme. We boil this rule down to "even sentence rhyming". Whether it is a rhymed poem or a quatrain, the first sentence may or may not rhyme.