The Han Dynasty was a prosperous period in Chinese history politically, economically, and culturally. Political unity and economic prosperity provide a solid foundation for cultural prosperity. The mainstream of thought and culture in the Han Dynasty was "Confucianism alone", and the prosperity of Confucian classics affected literary concepts and literary forms. However, there is still a certain compatibility with the thought and culture of the Han Dynasty. It absorbed the thoughts of Dao, Dharma, Yin and Yang, etc., as well as factors of Chu culture, and also had a certain impact on literary creation. The development of literature in the Han Dynasty can be roughly divided into four stages: 1. The literature of the early Western Han Dynasty is the initial period of literature of the Han Dynasty, including the literature from the early Han Dynasty to the period of Emperor Jing. The literary creation of this period basically followed the remnants of Warring States literature. His main achievements lie in political prose and poetry. Representative writers and works of political prose mainly include Lu Jia's "Xin Yu", Jia Yi's "New Book", and Chao Cuo's "On Gui Su Shu", etc. The ideological content of the articles is highly targeted to reality, and a considerable number of articles summarizing the historical experience and lessons of the fall of the Qin Dynasty account for a considerable amount. Most of the articles are grand and open, direct and passionate, with impressive momentum, which is quite a legacy of the Warring States period. The representative writers and works of Ci Fu include Jia Yi's "Ode to Qu Yuan", "Ode to Song Bird" and Mei Cheng's "Qi Fa". The creation of Ci and Fu in this period reflects the transitional characteristics from Chu Ci to Han Fu. 2． The literature of the mid-Western Han Dynasty was the heyday of Han Dynasty literature, including literature from the period of Emperor Wu to Emperor Xuan. The literary creation of this period was the heyday of the Han Dynasty. The creation of new style Fu has achieved unprecedented development, and a large number of writers and works represented by Sima Xiangru have appeared. The prose mainly includes historical prose and political prose. The most prominent representative of historical prose is Sima Qian's "Historical Records", which still has the legacy of pre-Qin articles. Political essays include "Spring and Autumn Fan Lu" and countermeasure essays by the classics master Dong Zhongshu, which began to transform into the elegant and mellow style of Confucianism. The "Huainanzi" edited by Liu An, the king of Huainan, still inherits the remnants of the pre-Qin scholars. There are also Huan Kuan's "Salt and Iron Theory" and so on. 3. The literature from the late Western Han Dynasty to the early Eastern Han Dynasty is the resurgence period of Han Dynasty literature, including the literature from the period of Emperor Yuan of the Western Han Dynasty to Emperor He of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Literary creation during this period was still dominated by poetry and prose. Famous writers of Ci and Fu include Yang Xiong, Ban Gu, and Zhang Heng. The basic tendency of creation is to imitate their predecessors and to refine their techniques. The forms of prose are diverse and there are many works, including Liu Xiang's "New Preface" and "Shuo Yuan", Yang Xiong's "Fa Yan" and "Tai Xuan", Huan Tan's "New Theory", Ban Gu's "Han Shu", Wang Chong's "Lunheng" and so on. The ideas and styles of the articles are mostly influenced by Confucian classics. 4. The literature of the late Eastern Han Dynasty is the decline and transformation period of the literature of the Han Dynasty, including the literature from the period of Emperor An to Emperor Ling. The creation of Ci Fu has seen the decline of big Fu and the prosperity of small Fu. The creation of lyrical poems by Zhang Heng, Zhao Yi, Cai Yong, Mi Heng and others reflected this change. The creation of literati poetry also reversed the sluggish situation, and mature works like "Nineteen Ancient Poems" appeared. Prose in the late Eastern Han Dynasty was mainly political prose, including Wang Fu's "Qian Fu Lun" and Zhong Changtong's "Chang Yan". 5. The creation of Yuefu folk songs in the Han Dynasty was quite prosperous and had an important impact on the development of literati poetry.