Quetrains are also called "quatrains", also known as "cut sentences" and "broken sentences". A type of poetry. Jie, Duan and Jue all have the meaning of short cut. Because the quatrain has only four sentences, it is called it. Mainly five-character and seven-character, referred to as "five-character" and "seven-character", "six-character" is rare.
In the past, some people said that Jueshi was made by cutting out half of the verses. There is a certain truth to this statement. From the perspective of the law of equality and obliqueness, this is the case.
There are two types of rhythmic poetry: "Zi Qi Ping Shou Style" and "Ping Qi Ping Shou Style", each with 4 cutting methods, so Wu Jue and Qi Jue each have 8 forms:
1. Cutting out the five or seven lines from the "Zi Qi Ping Shou Shi" rhymed poem, there are 4 ways to cut them out:
(1) The first and last truncated style, that is, cut out the first and last two couplets—— It consists of one, two, seven and eight sentences.
For example, Lu Xun's "Untitled": "It's common to see smoke and water, a fisherman in a deserted village. I get drunk late at night, and I can't find wild cattails anywhere." Another example is Wang Anshi's Qijue "Wujiang Pavilion": "Weary from a hundred battles. The strong man mourns, once the Central Plains is defeated, it is difficult to recover. Although the children of Jiangdong are still here, they are willing to fight against the king. "The first and last couplets (one, two, seven, and eight sentences) of the Five Rhythms and the Seven Rhymes are wrong, so the Five Jue and Seven Jue of this style are also wrong. No couplets.
(2) The first half of the sentence is composed of the first, second, third and fourth sentences of the first half.
For example, Wang Anshi's "Ti Fangzi": "I love this riverside so much that I stay there until the sun sets. I sleep on the yellow grass and sit on the white gull sand." Another example is his "Ten Events Halfway Up the Mountain" "Part Three": "When the east wind blows in Nanpu in February, I have a new poem inspired by the beauty of things. The duck green sparkles in the wind, and the sun and geese curl up." The third and fourth lines of the fifth and seventh lines are couplets, so the third and fourth lines are The two sentences are couplets.
(3) The second half of the poem is composed of five, six, seven or eight sentences in the second half of the poem.
For example, Lu Xun's "Title "Wandering"": "The lonely new literary garden, the old peaceful battlefield. There is only one soldier left in the two rooms, and the lotus halberd is wandering alone." Another example is his "Untitled": "The Blood-fertile Central Plains The fertile and vigorous grass blooms in the cold earth. Many heroes are sick of their husbands, and their tears are shed in the mausoleum and the crows are noisy at dusk. "According to the Five Rhythms and the Seven Rhythms, the first two sentences are couplets.
(4) is in the middle truncation form, that is, intercepting the middle two couplets to form three, four, five, or six sentences. For example, Wang Zhihuan's "Climbing the Stork Tower": "The sun is shining over the mountains, and the Yellow River flows into the sea. If you want to see a thousand miles away, go to a higher level." Another example is Wang Anshi's "Nine Quatrains": "The smoke from the northern mountain is rising at the end of the wood. The grass roots in the southern stream are cool and the mulberry trees are green, and the yellow clouds are cut and the rice is green. "According to the Five Rhythms and the Seven Rhythms, the first two sentences and the last two sentences are both couplets.
2. Intercept the "Pingqi and Zeke", the format is the same as "-".
Before the formation of rhymed poetry in the Tang Dynasty, there were already quatrains. Although they also rhymed, they were freer in level and oblique lines. Therefore, people call the quatrains popular in the Tang Dynasty modern quatrains to distinguish them from ancient quatrains.