Poems in when I questioned your pupil, under a pine-tree and "My teacher," he answered, "went for herbs".
a note left for an absent ecluse by Don Jia Dao.
I asked the hermit's boy under the pine tree, and he said that the teacher and father had gone to collect medicine.
the whole poem
a note left for an absent ecluse
[Tang]. Jia Dao
when I questioned your pupil, under a pine-tree, "My teacher," he answered, "went for herbs".
but toward which corner of the mountain, how can I tell, through all these clouds?.
explanation
Jia Dao's five-character quatrains in Tang dynasty. The writer went to find a friend who lived in seclusion in the mountains and didn't see it. The whole poem is: "when I questioned your pupil, under a pine-tree, "My teacher," he answered," went for herbs "; But toward which corner of the mountain, how can I tell, through all these clouds?. " It means asking the hermit's apprentice about the hermit under the pine tree, and he replied that the master had gone to collect medicine, which was in this mountain, but the fog was diffuse and dense, and I didn't know where he was in the mountain. The poem mainly writes the boy's answer, which is popular and natural, light and simple, and implicit. The words "qu" and "Chu" belonged to imperial rhyme in ancient times.
note
① words: speak, speak.
Chu: This means whereabouts.
appreciation of the whole poem 1
The poem is about a search. The result of the search was "no encounter".
"when I questioned your pupil, under a pine-tree" is a question, and the following three sentences are answers. The question is extremely concise. There is no need to write clearly who asks and what asks, because the poem title and answer are clearly explained. The answer is the meaning of the poem, ""My teacher," he answered," went for herbs "".The lad said that Master had gone into the mountains to collect herbs. This sentence is already a complete answer, but if you stop here, there will be no poetry. The child added to the answer: Master is in this mountain, somewhere in the fog, but no one knows where it is. The word "only in" of "but toward which corner of the mountain" is a very positive tone, as if giving a definite answer, but where can one find "how can I tell, through all these clouds?"? After talking for a long time, it still equals zero. However, these two sentences are not superfluous. They are not only naive, but also have wonderful meanings. This is not to show off your breath on purpose, but the kind of witticism that you often get unintentionally in life. It vividly reflects the unique life interest and sentiment of the hermit. By describing the mysterious whereabouts of the "hermit" in the clouds, the poem vaguely reveals his spiritual outlook of leading an honest and clean life and rising above the dust.
it's usually a wet blanket to visit "Unfortunate". But reading this poem, you will feel different in seeking common customs. Children's innocent answers lead people into lofty artistic conception, which makes people feel like facing the mountains with white clouds, and think that there is a noble scholar moving freely in them, and that lonely place must have a different world and fun. The poem ends with a child's answer. Although it doesn't directly write the seeker's reaction, after reading it, it makes people feel that he will not return immediately, but will stand in Panasonic and be fascinated by the depths of the clouds for a long time.
Poetry is a five-line poem, which can be read as a short ancient style without entering the law, and its content and form are unified.
whole poem appreciation 2
Poetry reflects social life and depicts objective things, which can be described directly from the front or indirectly from the side. The direct description is concise and lively, and the indirect description is tortuous and hidden. As long as the poet embarks from the needs of life and art and makes ingenious arrangements, he can write exquisite works no matter which expression method is adopted.
The writer of this poem went to visit a hermit, but he didn't see it. Through the dialogue with the boy, he reflected the hermit's wandering and unfettered life. The first sentence "when I questioned your pupil, under a pine-tree" is very natural. As we can imagine, the author went to visit his friends with great interest, trudged through the mountains, but didn't find the hermit. Fortunately, he saw his apprentice under the verdant pine trees and asked eagerly. From the word "word" in the second sentence, all the answers are from the boy. His answer is ingenious and true, which not only provides master's tracing "collecting medicine", but also gives the author hope to find; It is also pointed out that Master is only in this mountain, but the forest is dense and white clouds are around. The disciples can't tell exactly where it is, and the guests can't find it. A few dozen words below the word "Yan" are both twists and turns and interesting, vividly depicting the hermit's wandering life and his deep environment.
In lyric short poems, specific characters and scenes can be described, and simple plots can be arranged. Many excellent poets in ancient China were good at writing such simple lyric short poems. In these poems, poets do not need to express their feelings directly, but pour out their strong feelings through the description of characters, pictures and scenes. Jia Dao's "a note left for an absent ecluse" has characters, plots and dialogues in the cross, and its language is simple and unpretentious, which is suitable for spoken English and unique in Tang poetry. The whole poem of a note left for an absent ecluse and its appreciation chapter 2
Seeking the truth has strayed into Penglai Island, but the fragrant wind does not move the old Songhua.
where has Cai zhi not returned? There are no people sweeping the white clouds everywhere.
Translation
Quest for Immortal asked, but I didn't realize it, but I came to Penglai Fairy Island, where the fragrance was everywhere and the pine blossoms fell.
where did the immortal go? Why haven't you come back yet? Fortunately, no one has cleaned the white clouds all over the place.
note
hermit: a hermit, a person who leaves the world and returns to nature, which refers to the so-called immortal here.
truth: that is, immortals. Taoism says that people who cultivate their nature or cultivate their truth are real people.
Penglai: also known as "penghu". One of the three sacred mountains inhabited by immortals in the Bohai Sea in myth.
Songhua: the flower of a pine tree.
old: senescence, which means the senescence of flowers, that is, the meaning of falling.
zhicai: picking zhicao. In ancient times, Zhicao was regarded as a sacred grass, which made it immortal. Therefore, "Picking Zhicao" often refers to seeking immortality or seclusion, and here it refers to the immortal the author is looking for.
times: one is "full".
Appreciation
There are several short poems in Tang poetry with the theme of finding a hermit. Jia Dao's "a note left for an absent ecluse" is the most admired by later generations. The artistic conception of Wei Ye's four-line poem is very similar to Jia Shi's poem "when I questioned your pupil, under a pine-tree, "My teacher," he answered," went for herbs "". But toward which corner of the mountain, how can I tell, through all these clouds? ". People don't know who the "hermit" is in the poem title. Wei Ye himself was a famous hermit in the early Song Dynasty. He had contacts with many hermits, which reflected this aspect of the poet's life, and wrote that the hermit looked for each other but never met him. Compared with Jia Dao's poems, although the title is the same, the inner meaning is obviously different. In Jia Dao's poems, the hermit is in "how can I tell, through all these clouds?", but after all, "but toward which corner of the mountain" still has a goal, and the hermit in this poem is more adrift and elusive.
In the first sentence, "Seeking the Truth" strayed into Penglai Island, the location of the search was pointed out. The hermit seems to be a Taoist priest, and the poet called him a "real person" who achieved immortality, which shows his admiration. The word "mistake" not only shows that the poet came here unconsciously, but also shows his amazement at this lonely scene, and that "the fragrant wind does not move the pine blossoms" has the scenery he saw. When the fragrant wind does not move, the pine blossoms fall, and the seclusion of the hermit can be seen.
The third sentence "Where has Cai Zhi not returned" is a turning point. Although questions were omitted in Jia Dao's poems, there was still a boy who answered, and Wei Ye also omitted the objects of questions. He asked himself and replied: There are white clouds everywhere, and there is no trace. The hermit must have picked Ganoderma lucidum. Ganoderma lucidum, which has always been regarded as the elixir of life, grows in the deep mountains and cliffs, and it is not easy to get it. It is hard to be sure when the hermit will return. Although the poet failed to meet the hermit, he yearned for it in his heart. He stood here, looking far away, vaguely revealing his lost feelings. The poem was over and the sound was not over.
Among the poets in the early Song Dynasty, Wei Ye's style is close to that of the Tang Dynasty. The book "History of Song Dynasty" originally said: "Wild poetry is bitter, with Tang style and many cautionary sentences". Apart from a poem written by Jia Dao, people in the Tang Dynasty, such as Gao Pian, "come out of the water to recognize the Tiantai, and come alone half drunk and idle." Where does the melancholy fairy Weng go? The court is full of red apricots and green flowers. "Li Shangyin said," There are few people who know the city, and there are Chai Fei in the place where the apes cry. Cangjiang Baishiqiao fishing road, returning at dusk with snow all over his clothes ",Wei Yingwu's" nine days' drive and one day's leisure, finding a gentleman without meeting, returning empty, blaming poetry for clearing people's bones, and the door facing the cold wind and snow all over the mountain ",etc., are all excellent works in Tang poetry. "Meaning elegance" (Cai Zhengsun's language) is the general style of these poems. Wei Ye has never been an official in his life. He lived in a secluded place surrounded by clear springs and facing Yunshan (the biography of History of the Song Dynasty). When Zhen Zong sent an envoy to call him, he "closed his door and fled over the wall" (Volume 1 of Chronicles of Song Dynasty). He was a true hermit, and his poem a note left for an absent ecluse was even more elegant than "leisure". His predecessor called his poetic style "plain but not empty words" ("unofficial history in the Jade Pot"). This poem uses pure line drawing technique, and the pine trees are gloomy and the white clouds are long, which constitutes a distinct artistic image. Introducing the fragrance into the poem adds luster to the whole picture. All these show the nobleness of the hermit and express the poet's yearning.