The king of Qin swept Liuhe, eyeing, He Xiongzai!
Swords make clouds, and princes come to the West.
Judging from the apocalypse, it can generally drive a group of talents.
Withdraw troops and cast gold people, and the valley of letters opens eastward.
Gong Ming, looking at the evil platform.
700,000 torturers set out from Mount Li.
It's sad to be at a loss about taking the elixir of life.
Even crossbows can shoot marine fish. The long whale is Cui Wei.
The forehead and nose are like five mountains, and the waves are thundering.
You can't see Penglai if you cover the blue sky.
When will Xu Shi's boat carrying A Qin girl come back?
But see three springs, golden coffin buried cold ashes.
This poem was written in Tianbao Decade of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (75 1). At that time, Xuanzong believed in Taoism, and enterprises longed for longevity. Ministers congratulated him one after another. This foolish move harmed the country and aroused the poet's dissatisfaction, so he wrote this poem to satirize the absurd behavior of Ming Chengzu by taking advantage of Qin Shihuang's failure to seek immortality.
The whole poem can be divided into two sections. The first section eulogizes the great talent of Qin Shihuang and the great achievement of unifying China from the beginning to the "evil platform", and expresses the poet's deep concern that the Tang Dynasty will gradually decline from its peak. Writing it is extremely prosperous, that is, suppressing it first and then promoting it, changing the pen to put on airs and serving the center of "satire" The first four sentences say that Qin Shihuang swept the "Liuhe" (that is, the four sides of heaven and earth). The word "sweep" vividly depicts the invincible prestige of Qin Wang's encouragement to his ministers, and inspires the whole article with great strength. Then use "tiger eye" to describe its vigorous posture, "He Xiongzai!" The exclamation expressed the author's sincere praise to the king of Qin. These two sentences are vigorous and powerful, which publicize the momentum of the whole poem and lay the foundation for the undulating opening and magnificent style of the whole poem. Next, Qin Wang waved his sword and said that even if the whole world was cleared, the word "decisive" showed Qin Wang's decisiveness. Then a few words of "judgment" directly praised his major decision after clearing the world. The powerful measures taken by the king of Qin to consolidate the unification of the world are as follows: First, in the twenty-sixth year of the first emperor (22 1 year BC), he collected weapons from all over the world and cast them into twelve Jin people. At the same time, due to the unification of the whole world, he opened the door to the heavily guarded strategy and communication throat. The second is to go to Huijiling (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang), board Langxie Platform (now southeast of Zhucheng, Shandong), carve stones and erect monuments, praise Qin's achievements, and create public opinion for consolidating the political power. From these measures, we can see the majesty and courage of the king of Qin. But this poem's praise to the king of Qin is only a contrast pen, and its purpose is to pave the way for the later satire. Raise the highest, suppress the lowest, and then turn sharply, as if falling from the peak into a deep valley, making the poem ups and downs and colorful.
In the second half, some historical facts are connected in series, and an artistic summary is made, which satirizes Qin Shihuang's arrogance, extravagance and rashness in seeking longevity. Actually, it's a mockery of the present.
According to Records of the Historian, in the thirty-fifth year of the first emperor (2 12 BC), there were more than 70 million prisoners, divided into Epang Palace and Lishan Tomb. Thirty years ago (2 17), Han Zhong, Hou Yao and Shi Sheng were sent to seek the elixir of life. Twenty-eight years ago (2 19), Xu (Fu Shi) took thousands of girls to the sea to seek immortality. That's how the sentence "criminal" was written. But begging the fairy can't get anything, so she can only call for help, "being at a loss makes her heart sad"! The six sentences in "Liancrossbow" are a vibrating pen, which set off waves in the whole poem and described the spectacular scene of whaling with romantic imagination and highly exaggerated techniques. According to historical records, Xu Shi could not seek immortality, and lied that he was blocked by the big fish and could not get the holy mountain. The first emperor sent someone to shoot it with a crossbow. So the whale jumped as high as the five mountains, the waves were clouded, the sound was like thunder, and the feather scales spread out, covering the sky. But a lot of money and material resources were wasted, and as a result, the elixir of life was not obtained. "When will the ship come back?" Xu Shi never came back. Soon after, the emperor died during the tour, and his body was put into a golden coffin and buried under the three springs forever. The body rotted and became cold.
This poem satirizes Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty by chanting history, which shows the author's fighting spirit of enduring humiliation and daring to remonstrate, and has profound practical significance. Almost every sentence of the historical facts listed in the whole poem is well documented, but the writing is not rigid. The combination of narration and discussion, realism and imagination is both romantic and serious in critical spirit. The whole poem is magnificent and unrestrained, which is also the unique style of Li Bai's ancient style.