Author: Mao Zedong
Poetry source
Mao Zedong's "Qilu·To Shaoshan"
Farewell to the dream vaguely curses the passing of Sichuan,
Hometown thirty-two years ago.
The red flag rolls up the serf's halberd,
The black hand hangs the overlord's whip high.
To have great ambition to sacrifice,
Dare to teach the sun and moon to change the sky.
I like to see thousands of waves of rice and rice,
Heroes everywhere are setting off the sunset smoke.
Shaoshan is located at the junction of Xiangxiang and Ningxiang in the northwest of Xiangtan County, Hunan. It is 45 kilometers away from Xiangtan. It is a mountainous mountain rush surrounded by towering peaks, green trees and beautiful scenery. According to legend, Shunnan He got his name by playing "Shao music" while patrolling here. To the southwest is Shaofeng, the main peak of Shaoshan Mountain, with an altitude of 500 meters. It is one of the seventy-two peaks of Nanyue Hengshan Mountain and one of the eight scenic spots in Shaoshan Mountain. "Changsha Prefectural Chronicle" records that there were three daughters of the Shao family who lived in the mountains to study Taoism. A phoenix arrived with a book from heaven, and all the women died. There is Fengyin Pavilion on the mountain, and in the south there are Dongtai and Peach Blossom Cave fairy sites to be found. In the past, there was a poem that praised Shaoshan: "After singing, the tourists disappeared from the distance, and the jade flute blew over the east platform." Mao Zedong's former residence is located opposite the mouth of Shaoshan at the foot of Shaoshan Mountain. It is called Shangwuchang. Mao Zedong was born here and spent his childhood and youth in Shaoshan.
Shaoshan is the hometown of Mao Zedong and the place where he launched his revolutionary struggle in his early years. It was one of the earliest areas where the peasant movement in China was launched. Qu Qiubai once called Mao Zedong, like Peng Pai, "the king of the peasant movement."
In the 58 years since Mao Zedong left his hometown of Shaoshan for the first time in 1911, went to Changsha to study and join the revolution, and to his death on September 9, 1976, according to the "Chronicle of Mao Zedong", *** returned to his hometown for 8 years. Times: In February 1915, he returned to his hometown for the first time to celebrate the Spring Festival; from June 26 to July 9, 1916, he returned to his hometown for the second time to visit his sick mother; in October 1919, he returned to his hometown for the third time and his mother died of illness. , went to the funeral; during the Spring Festival of 1921, he returned to his hometown for the fourth time to visit his parents in their grave; from February 6 to August 28, 1925, he returned to his hometown for the fifth time and spent 200 days "recuperating from illness", establishing the earliest party branch in rural China One - the Shaoshan Party branch, founded the farmers' night school; from January 4 to February 5, 1927, the sixth time he returned to his hometown, 32 days after the ***, Mao Zedong visited Xiangtan, Xiangxiang, Hengshan, Liling, Changsha The situation in the five counties was written as the "Inspection Report on the Peasant Movement in Hunan"; from June 25 to 27, 1959, he returned to his hometown for the seventh time; from June 17 to 28, 1966, he returned to his hometown for the eighth time and mysteriously lived in Building No. 1 of Dishuidong Villa is well-known at home and abroad as "a cave in the West".
Writing background
From June 25 to 27, 1959, after Mao Zedong visited various parts of the country, accompanied by Luo Ruiqing and Zhou Xiaozhou, he returned from Changsha to his hometown after an absence of 32 years. home. After arriving at about 5 pm on June 25, I stayed at Building No. 1 of Lujiawan (now Songshan Building No. 1 of Shaoshan Hotel), where I discussed food, water conservancy and other conditions with local cadres and reviewed documents until late at night. At dawn the next day, I went to Nanzhutuo to pay homage to my parents' cemetery, visit neighbors and former residences, inspect Shaoshan School, and take photos with teachers and students. In the afternoon, I visited Mao's Ancestral Hall and went swimming in the Shaoshan Reservoir near Dishui Cave. Many people gathered on the shore. After Mao Zedong swam ashore, he took photos with the farmers and inspected the production situation along the way. In the evening, we held a banquet at our own expense for more than 50 people including relatives, relatives of martyrs, old underground party members, old farmers' association members, and old Red Guards to reminisce and reminisce. After the guests dispersed, Mao Zedong returned to his room in Songshan, Shaoshan Hotel. He was full of poetry and thoughts. He stayed up late at night, pacing back and forth, lying down and meditating, and staring out the window. According to the staff around him, Mao Zedong was so excited that he almost stayed up all night. Later, he leaned on the bedrail and quilt, used a newspaper as the bottom, and placed a piece of white paper on top. He wrote on it with a pencil, scrawled and wrote again, and muttered something. , humming and humming, and after more than two hours, he stopped writing and chanted in a cadence. After chanting, he took up the pen and wrote another line, and thus the song "Qilu·To Shaoshan" came out.