The pastoral poetry in ancient Europe was that of Cretors (3 10 BC? -245? ) the first one. There are 29 poems handed down from generation to generation, which describe the beautiful rural life and natural scenery in Sicily, fresh and lovely. The pastoral poetry of ancient Greece had a great influence on later European poetry with aristocratic tendencies. China's ancient pastoral poems refer to poems praising rural life, which mainly show the rural scenery and the labor of farmers, shepherds and fishermen. After Tao Yuanming, a great poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, initiated the style of pastoral poetry, the pastoral poetry in Tang and Song Dynasties mainly became pastoral life poems written by recluse literati and retired officials. Landscape pastoral poetry and frontier fortress poetry are also called the two schools of Ci in Kaiyuan and Tianbao years of Tang Dynasty. The former is unpretentious, while the latter is heroic.
Tao Yuanming (365~427) was born in Chaisang, Xunyang, Eastern Jin Dynasty, with a cheerful personality.
Tao Yuanming
Tao Yuanming
Qian Ming, known as "Mr. Jingjie" and calling himself "Mr. May 6th", is a famous poet. China's first pastoral poet. Later generations called him "the Lord of the eternal pastoral, the eternal hermit." Tao poems 125, mostly five-character poems. From the content, it can be divided into three categories: drinking poems, chanting poems and pastoral poems.
Tao Yuanming was a very important poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, even the most outstanding poet in the Han, Wei, Southern and Northern Dynasties for 800 years. He was honored as a hermit poet, which initiated the literary trend of pastoral literature. His poems are full of pastoral flavor, his celebrity demeanor and simple love for life. Tao Yuanming has influenced generations of China literati and even the whole China culture. Tao Yuanming is almost a household name in China. Everyone who went to middle school has learned his "Peach Blossom Garden", and many people will casually read: Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely seeing Nanshan; The teacher will also tell us his story of "five buckets of rice don't fold". However, I'm afraid it's a bit difficult to tell him anything further. There are always many factors that affect a person to become that person. If we want to know more about this reclusive poet, it is necessary to know his life and read more of his poems.
Wang Wei is a representative of the pastoral poetry school in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He inherited and carried forward the landscape poems initiated by Xie Lingyun.
Wang Wei
Wang Wei
The achievements of landscape [1] are unique, reaching its peak and occupying an important position in the history of China's poetry. Wang Wei also has excellent works in other aspects. Some reflect the life of the army and the frontier fortress, some show chivalry, and some expose the shortcomings of the times. Some small poems that bid farewell to relatives and friends and write about daily life, such as "Farewell to Yuan Er Shi Anxi", "Acacia", "Thinking of Shandong Brothers in the Mountain" and "Farewell to Shenzifu Jiangdong", have been passed down from ancient times to the present. These poems are all five-character poems or seven-character poems, which are sincere, unadorned, simple and profound, comparable to Li Bai and Wang Changling, and represent the highest achievement of quatrains in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. His poems, which should be written, sung and preached to Buddha, are occasionally famous, but they are not enough. Wang Wei has the highest attainments in five laws, five unique skills and seven unique skills, and he is also good at other aspects, which is very prominent in the Tang Dynasty poetry circle. Its seven methods, either vigorous and gorgeous, or beautiful and elegant, are all imitations of the seven sons of the Ming Dynasty. The seven ancient forms are neatly arranged and the momentum is erratic. Prose is quiet and meaningful, full of poetry, such as The Mountain and Pei Xiucai's Book. Wang Wei enjoyed great fame both before and after his death, and was known as "the literate sect in the world" and "Shi Fo". Have a great influence on future generations.
Folding Meng Haoran
Poets in Tang Dynasty. Xiangyang Xiangzhou (now Xiangfan, Hubei) Xiangyang is known as Meng Xiangyang in the world. first half of one's life
meng haoran
meng haoran
I mainly study with my parents at home and adapt myself to poetry. Once lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain. At the age of 40, you should travel to Beijing and return to Xiangyang. I made friends with Zhang Jiuling and Wang Wei when I was in Chang 'an. There is a poem title. After roaming in wuyue, I was down and out, so as to relieve my frustration in my official career. He died of overeating. Meng Haoran's poems are mostly five-character short stories with limited themes. He writes more about landscapes, pastoral areas, seclusion and travel. Although it is not without cynicism, it is more of a poet's self-expression. He and Wang Wei also said that although his poems were not as broad as Wang's, they had unique artistic attainments, and he was the pioneer of the pastoral poetry school in Tang Dynasty after Tao Yuanming, Xie Lingyun and Xie Tiao. Meng Ke's poems are unpretentious, cordial and true, full of life breath and wonderful and complacent interest. Such as "Autumn Boasts Send Zhang Wu", "Passing the Old Village" and "Spring Dawn", which are light and elegant, integrated and elegant. Meng's poems are broad-minded and broad-minded, but there is a vigorous and free spirit, such as the couplets of "A Message from Dongting to Prime Minister Zhang" and "Clouds, Dreams and Clouds Around Yueyang City", which has a vigorous and overlooking momentum. But this kind of poem is rare in Meng's poems. Generally speaking, the content of Meng's poems is thin, and it is inevitable to be embarrassed by the length. Meng Haoran's poetry collection has 263 poems.